Emotion: 2 PDF

E M O By Prof.Lamyaa Elhamrawy T I O N E M O By Prof.Lamyaa Elhamrawy T I O N Definition of Emotion:- ‫الوجدان‬ "Emotions are complex responses produced by the human being as he react with the environment....

E M O By Prof.Lamyaa Elhamrawy T I O N E M O By Prof.Lamyaa Elhamrawy T I O N Definition of Emotion:- ‫الوجدان‬ "Emotions are complex responses produced by the human being as he react with the environment. Any emotional activity has its motivating and volitional aspect and associated overt or covert cognitive activity". Healthy Motivating emotions should be:- 1-Appropriate to the situation. 2. adequate in amount in relation to the goal. 3. enough and persisting till the goal is achieved. 4. relatively observable in some optimal degree. 5. partly awoked ‫تدرك‬as a distinct subjective experience. 6. inconcordance ‫متناغمة مع‬with other function. Emotions has two component: 1. Emotional experience (Mood): It is the sustained internal emotional state of a person. In normal person mood varies in parallel with the main theme discussed:- a)suited the context and b) in normal range  2.Emotional expression (affect): It is the external expression of the present emotional content. In normal range of affect(reactivity) there is a variation in:- facial expression, tone of voice, use of hands and body movements. Emotions have a wide range of effect on the body including autonomic nervous system, endocrinal system... Stable:- no rapid shift of mood between extremities (Lability) Human Negative Emotions:- Physiology of Emotions:- Ventromedial prefrontal cortex Disorders of emotion Disorders of emotion A. Disorders of affect: Affect varies in amount and range of the expressive behavior. Abnormalities include: 1. Incongruity ‫تعارض‬with mood 2. Decrease in the amount and range.  A. Disorders of Mood:- They can be divided into the following:- 1. Pleasant emotions: e.g Elation (elevated mood): means exaggerated and cheerful than usual. 2. Dysphonic emotions: e.g dysphoric mood:- not well defined, not directed toward a source of provocation. Irritable mood :- means easily annoyed and provoked to anger. 3.Depression related dysphoria: e.g Depression: which is:- o an exaggerated sadness o especially pathological if it is handicapping or dangerous. o It is associated with gloomy ‫كئيب‬look to self, life and future. o It is also associated with lack of initiation ‫روح المبادرة‬and inertia. 4. Fear related disorders: e.g 1- Anxiety:- refers to a sense of fear which is pervasive ,‫طاغي‬ ill focused,(or with a rapid shift) not attached to any idea or situation. Apprehention -:‫الرهبه‬  An intense fear of any non-fearful stimulus, looks as if in an overwhelming threatening situation Phobia -:‫الخوف‬ Irrational ‫غير منطقى‬exaggerated pathological dread of some specific idea, stimulus or situation. 6- Primitive Emotions:-Rage:-  is an explosive overwhelming ‫طاغي‬anger ‫غضب‬which is the least connected to cognition or volition.‫اإلراده‬ Thank you