Electric Charges Physics 2 PDF

GENERAL PHYSICS 2  ELECTRIC CHARGES The main building block of matter is composed of atoms and molecules. Its properties are primarily influenced by the electrically charged particles – proton, electron, and neutron. The table below shows the properties of the charged particles i...

GENERAL PHYSICS 2  ELECTRIC CHARGES The main building block of matter is composed of atoms and molecules. Its properties are primarily influenced by the electrically charged particles – proton, electron, and neutron. The table below shows the properties of the charged particles in terms of mass, charge, and location ELECTRIC CHARGES Materials contain a huge amount of positively charged particles called protons and negatively charged particles called electrons. When there is an equal number of protons and neutrons in a matter, the body is electrically neutral. In making a body negatively charged, electrons are added to a body. On the other hand, a positively charged body removes electrons. The transfer of electrons from one body to another proves the law of conservation of charges. These charges are neither created nor destroyed. According to the principle of conservation of charges, the sum of electric charges of a body within a closed system is always constant. In understanding electrostatic interactions, we have to keep in mind the following conventions FRICTION CONDUCTION OR RUBBING CHARGING PROCESSES INDUCTION  CHARGING BY FRICTION CAN OCCUR BY RUBBING TWO DIFFERENT MATERIALS. THE ELECTRONS FROM THE SURFACE OF ONE THE OBJECT MOVE TO THE SURFACE OF THE OTHER IT GIVES A POSITIVE CHARGE TO ONE SUBTANCE AND NEGATIVE CHARGE TO THE OTHER. CHARGING BY FRICTION WHEN A BALLON IS RUBBED AGAINST HAIR , IT TAKE SOME OF THE HAIR ELECTRONS BALLON BECOMES NEGATIVELY CHARGE. CHARGING BY FRICTION WHEN A BALLON IS RUBBED AGAINST HAIR , IT TAKE SOME OF THE HAIR ELECTRONS BALLON BECOMES NEGATIVELY CHARGE HAIR BECOMES ( + ) CHARGE.  HOW WOULD YOU IF AN OBJECT WILL GAIN OR LOSE ELECTRONS? BY TRIBOELECTRIC SERIES IS AN ARRANGEMENT OF MATERIALS/SUBTANCE ACCORDING TO THEIR ABILITY TO GAIN OR LOSE ELECTRONS. THE FARTHER THE MATERIALS ARE FROM EACH OTHER IN THE SERIES THE STRONGER IS THE ELECTRIC FORCE CHARGING BY INDUCTIONS Materials that allow the movement of electrons from one region to another are called conductors of electricity, while materials that do not allow the flow of electrons are called insulators. The majority of the metals are conductors, while nonmetals are insulators. The electrons can move while protons and neutrons are bound to remain fixed in the positive nuclei. Charging objects could happen through induction and conduction. These charging processes can be demonstrated through an electroscope.