EDST1010 Week 4 Practice Testing 2021 PDF

14/7/21 EDST1010 Week 4 Reading the text multiple times cements it in your memory, right? RAUNO PARRILA [email protected] Note to user: Replace this im age with your own....

14/7/21 EDST1010 Week 4 Reading the text multiple times cements it in your memory, right? RAUNO PARRILA [email protected] Note to user: Replace this im age with your own. § Right click on this Placeholder box § Replace im age § Select im age and click ‘Resize im age to fit in placeholder’) What does learning science tell us about effective study strategies? Five effective techniques (in order of the strength of evidence) 1. Practice testing 2. Distributed practice 3. Interleaved practice 4. Elaborative interrogation 5. Self-explanation Dunlosky, Rawson, Marsh, Nathan & Willingham (2013). Improving students’ learning with effective learning techniques: Promising directions from cognitive and educational psychology 2 1  14/7/21 1. Practice Testing (Retrieval Practice) Learning is about understanding, generating a memory trace, and being able to access it You need to practice understanding, remembering, and accessing the memories. 3 1. Practice Testing (Retrieval Practice) Practice testing is about making the memory traces more accessible. It is a learning activity, not an exam, that you can complete on your own or with peers. ― When there is a criteria for passing (as in this week’s learning activities), then it becomes a mastery learning activity 4 2  14/7/21 Here are some suggestions from your textbook authors on how to do retrieval practice (practice testing) 5 How to do retrieval practice (practice testing) 2 6 3  14/7/21 How to do retrieval practice (practice testing) 3 7 More than 100 years of research has yielded several hundred experiments showing that practice testing enhances learning and retention. 8 4  14/7/21 9 10 5  14/7/21 When do practice tests work? Cued recall (including multiple choice quizzes), free recall, short- answer questions, fill-in-the-blank questions But free recall practice may help the most All dosages work, but more is better (if spaced over time) All students studied so far (from preschoolers onwards to older adults) Learning from texts, videos, spatial information Factual information (e.g., general knowledge in class, multiplication facts, spelling lists) but also comprehension and transfer 11 Why do practice tests work? First, you practice recall, and when you do that, you create connections in your memory between the information you try to recall and other related information When you try to recall the information again in the actual testing situation, more access routes to the information When you practice recall of specific information, you also tend to organize the information that come to your mind during that process more effectively – you build connections (with no conscious effort) à Practice testing enhances memory and access to memories 12 6  14/7/21 Summary “On the basis of the evidence described above, we rate practice testing as having high utility. Testing effects have been demonstrated across an impressive range of practice-test formats, kinds of material, learner ages, outcome measures, and retention intervals. Thus, practice testing has broad applicability. Practice testing is not particularly time intensive relative to other techniques, and it can be implemented with minimal training. Finally, several studies have provided evidence for the efficacy of practice testing in representative educational contexts.” Dunlosky, Rawson, Marsh, Nathan & Willingham (2013, p. 35) 13 A few more tips Retrieval practice works best when you go back to check your responses for accuracy afterwards If you are struggling, identify the specific things you are struggling to remember and work on those alone with the materials closed Don’t recall only words or definitions. Make sure to recall main ideas, how things are related or different from one another, and think of new examples 14 7  14/7/21 Additional reading From the authors of the textbook: Practicing retrieval http://www.learningscientists.org/blog/2016/6/23-1 Concept map (also on p. 121 in your textbook) http://www.learningscientists.org/blog/2016/4/1-1 Using flashcards http://www.learningscientists.org/blog/2016/2/20-1 Research summaries (Leganto, Week 4): Dunlosky, 2013 Dunlosky, Rawson, Marsh, Nathan & Willingham, 2013 Weinstein, Madan & Sumeracki, 2018 Science translations (Leganto, Week 4) The Science of Learning in Scientific American Forget Cramming Why Testing Boosts Learning OFFICE | FACULTY | DEPARTMENT 15 8