Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud Computing - ECE 131 Unit 6

Internet of things The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interrelated, internet- connected objects that are able to collect and transfer data over a wireless network without human intervention. The personal or business possibilities are endless. In short, the Internet of Thing...

Internet of things The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interrelated, internet- connected objects that are able to collect and transfer data over a wireless network without human intervention. The personal or business possibilities are endless. In short, the Internet of Things refers to the rapidly growing network of connected objects that are able to collect and exchange data using embedded sensors. Thermostats, cars, lights, refrigerators, and more appliances can all be connected to the IoT. An IoT system consists of sensors/devices which “talk” to the cloud through some kind of connectivity. Once the data gets to the cloud, software processes it and then might decide to perform an action, such as sending an alert or automatically adjusting the sensors/devices without the need for the user. The IoT provides a platform that creates opportunities for people to connect these devices and control them with big data technology, which in return will promote efficiency in performance, economic benefits and minimize the need for human involvement. It's the most important development of the 21st century. IOT The Internet of Things (IOT) is a worldwide network of intercommunicating devices. It integrates the ubiquitous communications, pervasive computing, and ambient intelligence. IOT is a vision where “things”, especially everyday objects, such as all home appliances, furniture, clothes, vehicles, roads and smart materials, etc. are readable, recognizable, locatable, addressable and/or controllable via the Internet. INTRODUCTION CLOUD COMPUTING Cloud Computing provides us a means by which we can access the applications as utilities, over the Internet. It allows us to create, configure, and customize applications online. With Cloud Computing users can access database resources via the internet from anywhere for as long as they need without worrying about any maintenance or management of actual resources. What is Cloud? The term Cloud refers to a Network or Internet. In other words, we can say that Cloud is something, which is present at remote location. Cloud can provide services over network, i.e., on public networks or on private networks, i.e., WAN, LAN or VPN. Applications such as e-mail, web conferencing, customer relationship management (CRM), all run in cloud. Cloud Computing Architecture  Advantages Lower computer costs Improved performance: Reduced software costs Instant software updates Improved document format compatibility Unlimited storage capacity Increased data reliability Universal document access Latest version availability Easier group collaboration Device independence  Disadvantage s Requires a constant Internet connection Does not work well with low-speed connections Features might be limited Can be slow Stored data can be lost Stored data might not be secure Important applications of IOT Wearables. Virtual glasses, fitness bands to monitor for example calorie expenditure and heart beats, or GPS tracking belts, are just some examples of wearable devices that we have been using for some time now. Companies such as Google, Apple, Samsung and others have developed and introduced the Internet of Things and the application thereof into our daily lives. These are small and energy efficient devices, which are equipped with sensors, with the necessary hardware for measurements and readings, and with software to collect and organize data and information about users. Health. The use of wearables or sensors connected to patients, allows doctors to monitor a patient's condition outside the hospital and in real-time. Through continuously monitoring certain metrics and automatic alerts on their vital signs, the Internet of Things helps to improve the care for patients and the prevention of lethal events in high-risk patients. Another use is the integration of IoT technology into hospital beds, giving way to smart beds, equipped with special sensors to observe vital signs, blood pressure, oximeter and body temperature, among others. Agriculture Smart farms are a fact. The quality of soil is crucial to produce good crops, and the Internet of Things offers farmers the possibility to access detailed knowledge and valuable information of their soil condition. Through the implementation of IoT sensors, a significant amount of data can be obtained on the state and stages of the soil. Information such as soil moisture, level of acidity, the presence of certain nutrients, temperature and many other chemical characteristics, helps farmers control irrigation, make water use more efficient, specify the best times to start sowing, and even discover the presence of diseases in plants and soil. Smart grid and energy saving The progressive use of intelligent energy meters, or meters equipped with sensors, and the installation of sensors in different strategic points that go from the production plants to the different distribution points, allows better monitoring and control of the electrical network. IoT can be used in customer side in smart meters to measure different types of parameters, intelligent power consumption, interoperability between different networks, charging and discharging of electric vehicles, manage energy efficiency and power demand. By establishing a bidirectional communication between the service provider company and the end user, information of enormous value can be obtained for the detection of faults, decision making and repair thereof. It also allows offering valuable information to the end user about their consumption patterns and about the best ways to reduce or adjust their energy expenditure. Smart Grid IOT in automobiles IoT infused semi-autonomous cars take on-spot decisions while partly controlling the vehicle operations to avoid accidents and reduce the load from the driver. Along with different proximity sensors and cameras, cars are integrated with IoT systems to reduce human error and make driving more comfortable and safe. IOT in automobiles Manufacturing Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a way to digital transformation in manufacturing. Industrial IoT employs a network of sensors to collect critical production data and uses cloud software to turn this data into valuable insights about the efficiency of the manufacturing operations.