Earth Science - Types of Rocks PDF

Earth Science Classification of Rocks Rock a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals sometime with non-mineral solid particles Rocks are transformed into its different types by the process of rock cycle. Classification of Rock Igneous Rock Ignis – fire Formed through the co...

Earth Science Classification of Rocks Rock a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals sometime with non-mineral solid particles Rocks are transformed into its different types by the process of rock cycle. Classification of Rock Igneous Rock Ignis – fire Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava Can be classified into: ØIntrusive igneous rock – solidification of magma ØExtrusive igneous rock – solidification of lava Classification of Rock Example of Intrusive Igneous Rock Have large crystals of minerals Classification of Rock Example of Extrusive Igneous Rock Are glassy in appearance or vesicular Classification of Rock Sedimentary Rock formed by the deposition and cementation of mineral or organic particles Classification of Rock Classification of Sedimentary Rock Clastic sedimentary rock – from the mechanical weathering debris of rocks Classification of Rock Classification of Sedimentary Rock Chemical sedimentary rock – from the dissolved materials precipitate from a solution Classification of Rock Classification of Sedimentary Rock Organic sedimentary rock – from the build-up of plant or animal debris Classification of Rock Metamorphic Rock formed from “parent rocks” that were subjected to heat and pressure. Classification of Rock Classification of Metamorphic Rock Foliated Metamorphic Rock – the pressure due to compression to rocks creates bands called foliation. Classification of Rock Classification of Metamorphic Rock Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rock – has no foliation. Geologic Process Involved in the Formation of Rocks Weathering and Erosion ØWeathering is the breakdown of rocks ØErosion is when earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces Geologic Process Involved in the Formation of Rocks Compaction and Cementation ØCompaction is when sediments are exposed to pressure due to the overlaying layers ØCementation is when new minerals stick the grains together Geologic Process Involved in the Formation of Rocks Metamorphism ØWhen rocks are exposed to extreme heat and pressure, rocks are slightly melted Geologic Process Involved in the Formation of Rocks Melting of Magma ØProcess of turning rocks into magma Geologic Process Involved in the Formation of Rocks Crystallization of Magma ØFormation of rock crystals Geologic Process Involved in the Formation of Rocks