Early Civilizations PDF

We l c o m e t o EARLY CIVILIZATIONS Social Science 2  Discuss the definition of 1 civilization and its different characteristics Learning Objectives: Explain how the early 2 civilizations were for...

We l c o m e t o EARLY CIVILIZATIONS Social Science 2  Discuss the definition of 1 civilization and its different characteristics Learning Objectives: Explain how the early 2 civilizations were formed (from scavenging to agricultural villages to cities to civilizations  Complex societies A civilization is a complex human society, usually made up of different cities, with certain CIVILIZATION characteristics of cultural and technological The word “civilization” development. relates to the Latin word “civitas” or “city”. This is why the most basic definition of the word “civilization” is “a society made up of  Complex societies The advent of civilization depended on the ability of some agricultural settlements to CIVILIZATION consistently produce surplus food, which allowed some people to specialize in non- agricultural work, which in turn allowed for increased production, trade, population, and  Complex societies Complex culture CIVILIZATION With five characteristics: 1. Advanced cities 2. Specialized workers 3. Complex institutions 4. Record keeping 5. Advanced technology  Advance A city is more than a large group of people living together. The size d Cities of the population alone does not distinguish a village from a city. One of the key differences is that a city is a center of trade for a larger area.  Specialized Workers Specialization—the As cities grew, so did the need development of skills in a specific kind of work. for more specialized workers, such as traders, government Some city dwellers became officials, and priests. artisans—skilled workers who make goods by hand. Specialization helped artisans develop their skill at designing jewelry, fashioning metal tools and weapons, or making clothing and pottery. The wide range of  Complex In civilizations, leaders emerged Institution to maintain order among people and to establish laws. s Government is an example of an institution—a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community. Complex institutions, such as government, religion, and the economy, are another characteristic of civilization. In early civilizations, government officials had to document tax collections, the Record passage of laws, and the storage of grain. keeping People soon began to use writing for other purposes besides record keeping. They also wrote about their cities’ dramatic events—wars, natural disasters, the reign of kings. Writing Cuneiform Threads That Speak: How The Inca Used Strings to Communicate | National G eographic New tools and techniques are always needed to solve problems that emerge when large groups of people live Advanced together. Around 3500 B.C., they first used the potter’s Technology wheel to shape jugs, plates, and bowls. Sumerian met alworkers discovered that melting together certain amounts of copper and tin made bronze. The period called the Bronze Age refers to the time when people began using bronze, rather than copper and stone, to fashion tools and weapons. The Bronze Age started in Sumer around 3000 B.C., but the date varied in other parts of Asia and in Europe. TOPIC 1 Scavenging to Agricultural Human Prehistory 101 (Part 3 of 3): Agriculture Rocks Our World Agricultural Villages to Cities  Case Study CITY OF UR IN SUMMER Ur, one of the earliest cities in Sumer, stood on the banks of the Euphrates River in what is now southern Iraq. Ur was the site of a highly sophisticated civilization Ziggurat educational virtual tour Let’s try to understand it more using your With our discussion about civilization and imagination…using your understanding of its formation, identify the five characteristics of a civilization and draw or map out a city that reflects the significant features of early civilizations. After mapping your city, label key areas and buildings and provide Rubrics: a brief description of your output. Be City Design creative! 5 Labeling and Brief Description 7 Creativity 3 Accuracy 5 TOTAL 20 pts.  Beck, et. al. (2012). World History Patterns of Interaction. Holt McDougal Littel. Green, J. (Director). (2014). Rethinking Civilization - Crash Course World History 201 [Motion Picture]. Simulation Tour: Ziggurat of Ur - World History Encyclopedia REFERENCES  THANK YOU FOR LISTENING