DV Lab Record (1-8) PDF

# Understanding Data & Data Visualization ## Understanding Data * **What is Data?** Raw facts, statistics, or information collected or stored in a structured or unstructured form. * **Examples of data formats:** Text, numbers, images, videos, and more. * **Structured Data:** Organized into a spec...

# Understanding Data & Data Visualization ## Understanding Data * **What is Data?** Raw facts, statistics, or information collected or stored in a structured or unstructured form. * **Examples of data formats:** Text, numbers, images, videos, and more. * **Structured Data:** Organized into a specific format, such as tables or databases. Easily searchable and analyzable. * **Unstructured Data:** Lacks a specific format. Examples: text documents, social media posts, images, audio recordings, and more. ## Foundations for Building Data Visualizations * **Data Analysis:** Thoroughly analyze the data to understand its structure, relationships, and patterns or trends. * **Statistical Knowledge:** Understanding basic statistics is essential for making meaningful interpretations of data. * **Domain Knowledge:** Having knowledge of the specific domain or subject matter related to your data is crucial for creating contextually relevant visualizations. * **Design Principles:** Study principles, including color theory, topography, and visual hierarchy, to create visually appealing and effective visualizations. ## Creating Your First Visualization ### 1. Data Preparation * **Select your data.** * **Define your objective.** ### 2. Visualization Selection * **Choose the right visualization type.** ### 3. Data Transformation * **Prepare and transform data.** ### 4. Visualization Creation * **Create the visualization.** * **Add interactivity.** ### 5. Testing and Iteration * **Test and iterate.** * **Publish or share your visualization and document your work.** * **Maintain and update your visualization as needed.** # Working with Tableau ## Program 02: Getting Started with Tableau ### 1. Download and Install Tableau * Download and install Tableau Desktop or Tableau Public. ### 2. Prepare Your Data * Ensure that your data is in a suitable format, such as Excel (.xlsx), CSV (.csv), and text files (.txt). ### 3. Connect Your Data to Tableau * Launch Tableau. * Go to the File menu and "Open". Choose the data source type and select the data file. * Drag any table into the working area. * Click on the worksheet (Sheet 1). ### 4. Data Source Pane * Once data is connected, the Data Source Pane will appear on the left-hand side of the Tableau interface. ### 5. Creating Basic Charts * **Line Chart:** * Drag and drop the date field to the Columns shelf and the numeric field to the Rows shelf. * Tableau will automatically create a line chart. Customize it by adding labels, titles, and formatting. * **Bar Chart:** * Drag and drop a categorical field to the Columns shelf and a numeric field to the Rows shelf. * Tableau will create bar charts. You can adjust the orientation and formatting. * **Treemap:** * Drag and drop a categorical field to the Columns shelf. * Drag and drop a numeric field to the Size shelf. * Tableau will create a treemap visualization. # Tableau Calculations ## Program 03: Tableau Calculations ### Sum Function * In Tableau, the SUM function calculates the total sum of a numeric field. * You can use it to find the sum of values in a column or as part of a more complex calculation. ### Avg Function * Calculates the average value of a numeric field. * You can use it by dragging a numeric field into the AVG shelf or by creating a calculated field with the AVG function. ### Creating Custom Calculations 1. **Create New Calculated Field:** * In the Data Source Pane, right-click on your data source and select "Create Calculated Field". 2. **Enter Your Calculation:** * Use functions, operators, and field references to define your calculation. For example: `(SUM(CProfit))/SUM(Sales))*100`. 3. **Save and Use in Your Worksheet.** ## Aggregate Functions: * Tableau provides a range of aggregate functions that allow you to perform calculations on groups of data. * Common aggregate functions include: SUM, AVG, COUNT, MIN, MAX. * These functions are particularly useful when you want to analyze data at different levels of granularity. # Applying New Data Calculations to Visualizations ## Program 04: Applying New Data Calculations to Visualizations ### 1. Drag and Drop Calculated Fields * To apply your newly created calculated fields, simply drag and drop them onto the appropriate shelves in your worksheet. ### 2. Filter with Calculated Fields * Create filters using calculated fields to control which data points are displayed in your visualization. ## Formatting Visualizations * **Format Pane:** Located on the left side of the Tableau interface. Allows you to format various aspects of your visualizations. * **Marks Card:** Located above your visualization, offers formatting options specific to the type of marks you are using. ### Formatting Details * **Axis and Gridlines:** Format axis labels, titles, and gridlines to improve the readability of your visualization. * **Legends and Color Scales:** Customize legends and color scales to provide context for your visualizations. * **Formatting Tools & Menus** * **Format Menu:** Provides access to various formatting options, including font styles, shading, and borders. * **Worksheet Menu:** Offers options to format the entire worksheet, including background color, borders, and worksheet title. * **Dashboard Menu:** Allows you to format the entire dashboard layout. ### Formatting Specific Parts of the View * **Annotations:** You can add annotations to highlight important points or provide additional context. * **Tooltips:** Customize tooltips to display relevant information when users hover over data points. * **Headers and Titles:** Format headers, slides, and subtitles for clarity and consistency. # Editing and Formatting Axes ## Program 05: Axes and Data Manipulation ### 1. Edit Axis Title * Click on the axis title you want to edit. * You can modify the title text, font, size, color, and alignment. ### 2. Scale and Range * Right-click the axis and select "Edit Axis" to change the scale or range of the axis. ### Manipulating Data * **Change Data Type:** If Tableau inferred the wrong data type, you can change it by clicking on the data type symbol in the column header. * **New Column (Calculated Fields):** Create custom logic for manipulating data types or values. ### Pivoting Tableau Data * Enables you to rearrange columns and rows in a report to view data from different perspectives. # Structuring, Sorting, and Filtering Data ## Program 06: Structuring Data ### Sorting Data * Drag and drop a categorical field to the Columns shelf, a numeric field to the Rows shelf, and click on the column header to select Sort. * You can sort in ascending or descending order. ### Filtering Data * Drag and drop the region to the Filters pane, and right-click on it to select filter options. * This allows you to filter the data based on different criteria. ### Pivoting Data * Drag and drop more than one column to the Columns shelf and more than one numeric field, such as date, to the Rows shelf. * Select Pivot and right-click to transform rows to columns and columns to rows. # Advanced Visualization Tools ## Program 07: Visualization Tools ### Filters * Drag and drop a categorical field to the Column shelf and a numerical field to the Rows shelf. * Drag the region to the Filters pane. ### Detail Panel Usages * Drag and drop fields to the Detail Pane. It displays details corresponding to the data. ### Size Panel * Located in the left side, selecting the width of the bar chart allows you to adjust the size of bars. ### Customizing Filters * Similar to filters. Edit filters according to your needs. ### Tooltips Usages * Help to display details when you hover over the data column or rows. * Edit and customization are possible. ### Formatting Data with Colors * Go to the Color Panel and choose your preferred colors to change the bar colors. # Creating Dashboards and Telling Stories ## Program 08: Creating Dashboards and Storytelling ### Creating Dashboards * Create three sheets and rename them A, B, and C. * Create a dashboard using the '+' icon. * Drag row and column values to the dashboard. * Click on the dashboard symbol '+' and use "F7" to display it. ### Interacting with Your Dashboard * Use filter options to interact with your dashboard. Values will change according to the filter applied. ### Story Telling * Click on the '+' icon, which creates a new story. * The new story will display the sheets and dashboard you created. * Click on each story and fill in the details in the description box to guide your storytelling.