DRRR Hazards PDF

CONCEPT of Hazards  Hazards is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition. It may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or envir...

CONCEPT of Hazards  Hazards is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition. It may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage. As defined by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR).  HAZARD VS. DISASTER Hazard has only the potential to cause destruction or negative impacts to life and property, whereas a disaster is a hazard that already occurred and already caused destruction  Types of Hazards Hazards can be classified into 5 types: NATURAL QUASI-NATURAL MAN-MADE TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL  NATURAL HAZARDS These are naturally occurring phenomena or processes. This is an environmental phenomena that have the potential to impact societies and the human environment.  Categories Hydro- Geologic Biological Meteorological  GEOLOGIC HAZARDS are natural phenomena or processes that occur in the Earth’s Crust. This is a natural event that occurs regularly and can cause disruption, destruction, damage and even loss of property or life. VOLCANIC MASS ERUPTION MOVEMENT  HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS These are atmospheric, hydrological, and oceanographic natural processes or phenomena that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage TROPICAL CYCLONE FLOODS TORNADO  HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS Hydrometeorological conditions may also be a factor in other hazards such as landslides, wildland fires, locust plagues, epidemics and in the transport and dispersal of toxic substances and volcanic eruption material. TROPICAL CYCLONE FLOODS TORNADO  BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS This is where living things or substances from living things can cause illnesses and diseases or any harm. Organic substances that present a threat to the health of people and other living organisms. VIRUSES FUNGI  BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS This is where living things or substances from living things can cause illnesses and diseases or any harm. Organic substances that present a threat to the health of people and other living organisms. Examples:- outbreaks of epidemic diseases in humans, animals, and plants- infestation Biological hazards include: · viruses · toxins · spores · fungi · pathogenic micro-organisms · bio-active substances.  Quasi Natural Hazards are hazards that are outcomes of the interaction of natural phenomena and man-made activities.  Quasi Natural Hazards Ex: smog is a quasi-natural hazard because it's created by human activities, but its harmful effects are spread through natural processes  MAN-MADE HAZARDS Human-induced/Anthropogenic Hazards are those that result from human activities and actions that has the potential to cause harm to people, property, or the environment. These hazards can be intentional, such as acts of terrorism or war, or unintentional, such as industrial accidents or transportation disasters. TERRORISM / WAR INDUSTRIAL HAZARDS TRANSPORTATIONAL HAZARDS  Technological Hazards Originate from technological or industrial conditions, dangerous procedures, infrastructure failures or specific human activities. Examples include industrial pollution, nuclear radiation, toxic wastes, dam failures, transport accidents, factory explosions, fires and chemical spills. Technological Hazards  environmental hazards are processes caused or induced by human activities or in combination with natural hazards. This may include chemical, natural and biological hazards. This may include chemical, natural and biological hazards. They can be created by environmental degradation or physical or chemical pollution in the air, water and soil. However, many of the processes and phenomena that fall into this category may be termed drivers of hazard and risk rather than hazards in themselves, such as soil degradation, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, salinization and sea-level rise. Examples: deforestation, land degradation, loss of biodiversity, land, water, and air pollution, climate change IMPACTS of Disasters  PHYSICAL IMPACT This is the most immediate and visible impact of hazards. It includes: Destruction or Damage: Properties Death and Injuries: Hazards often lead and infrastructures like homes, roads, to casualties, including loss of lives and and bridges are often destroyed, physical injuries. leaving people without shelter or essential services. Example: Think of the massive destruction caused by earthquakes, like the ones in Turkey and Syria, where buildings collapsed and caused countless injuries and deaths. PHYSICAL IMPACT  Psychological IMPACT Hazards don’t just harm our bodies; they also deeply affect our minds. Psychological effects include: Trauma and Anxiety: Depression and Emotional Survivors often feel Disorders: Loss of loved ones, unsafe and fearful even homes, or livelihoods can after the disaster ends. leave lasting emotional scars.  SOCIOCULTURAL IMPACT Hazards can change the way communities function and interact. Impacts include: Migration: People may be Loss of Cultural Identity: forced to leave their homes and Communities may lose move to other areas. traditions, cultural landmarks, or even their way of life. Social Conflicts: Limited resources and displacement can lead to conflicts, even within families.  ECONOMIC IMPACT Disasters have a direct hit on the economy. It includes: Loss of Employment: Businesses may shut down, leaving people without jobs. Loss of Livelihoods and Property: Farmers lose crops, fisherfolk lose boats, and families lose land. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Hazards can leave lasting damage to nature. Examples include: Environmental Contamination: Floodwaters may carry chemicals or pollutants into rivers and soil. Loss of Forests and Natural Rivers: Landslides and floods can destroy ecosystems, affecting both flora and fauna.  BIOLOGICAL IMPACT Hazards can affect the health of people, animals, and plants. Impacts include: Epidemics: After disasters, poor Impact on Flora and Fauna: sanitation and stagnant water can Diseases can also spread to spread diseases like dengue or crops and animals, further cholera. worsening food supply issues. THANK YOU for listening!