Dr Hassan's Notes PDF

Dr Hassan 1. Machine vision: Define ❖ is the knowledge and approaches used to provide image based automatic examination for quality control, process control, and robot guidance ❖ used for optical gauging, quality assurance, sorting, part assembly inspection,...

Dr Hassan 1. Machine vision: Define ❖ is the knowledge and approaches used to provide image based automatic examination for quality control, process control, and robot guidance ❖ used for optical gauging, quality assurance, sorting, part assembly inspection, presence and absence and controlling the manufacturing process Computer vision Machine vision ❖ consists of 5 components: Illumination, ❖ Includes digital cameras, image processing camera, image capture board, computer software and mechanical systems hardware and software ❖ Generation of precise descriptive data ❖ computer vision is rapid, economic, consistent ❖ Reduce tedium human involvements and objective inspection technique The most important steps of machine vision 1. image acquisition: determines the quality and information of images 2. image processing: guides the operation of the machinery machine vision in food industry ❖ machine vision has been successful in the analysis of grain characteristics and in the evaluation of foods such as potato chips, meat etc. also, in sorting and grading of fruits 2. What is technical drawing Define ❖ Also known as engineering drawing, is a detailed, precise diagram, or a plant that conveys information about how an object function is constructed. ❖ It uses standardize languages and symbols Types: Mechanical engineering drawing, Electrical drawing, Architectural drawing Types of views 1. Isometric view 2. Orthographic (2D,3D) 3. Flat pattern 4. auxiliary view 5. Section view 6. Cutout view 7. Detail view Assembly drawing: Type of technical drawing that used to present items that consist of more than one product 3. Name plate: small, flat objects that display someone's name or other identifying information Specific technique information ❖ Boiler: Boiler model, max working pressure, max steam capacity, fuel type ❖ Evaporator: Nominal speed, inlet temperature, impeller power, model number, max operating temperature ❖ Homogenizer: Homogenization pressure, Homogenization capacity, flow rate, motor power rating, voltage and frequency requirements ❖ Pump: Pump type, max flow rate, max operating pressure ❖ Pasteurizer: Max operating pressure, test pressure, processing capacity, heating medium ❖ Conveyor: Belt width and type, max load capacity, conveyer speed ❖ Electric motor: Number of Phases, Rated Operating Voltage (Volts), Service Duty, Efficiency Code, Degree of Protection, Service Factor, Power Factor, Insulation Class Compare between Pneumatic and hydraulic systems: Pneumatic system Hydraulic system Pneumatics uses an easily Hydraulic uses relatively incompressible compressible gas such as air to liquid media such as oil power Pressure 80- 100 pounds per square inch (550- 1000-5000 psi (6.9- 3.4kpa) 690kpa) advantages 1. Simplicity of design and control 1. Liquid does not absorb any of 2. Reliability supplied energy 3. Storge 2. Capable of moving much higher loads 4. Safety 3. Fluids are incompressible, leading to a minimum of spring action Components 1. Compressor 1. Hydraulic cylinder 2. Check-valve 2. Hydraulic pump 3. Accumulator 3. Control valve 4. Directional valve 4. Actuator 5. Actuator 4. What is PLC: Define: programmable logic controller, is simply a special computer device used for industrial control systems also used to manage electromechanical processes Components: power supply, processor, communication card, digital input card, analogue input card, analogue output card Problem Description: In a dairy processing plant, there is a need to maintain precise ingredient ratios during the mixing process to achieve consistent product quality. Develop a PLC program to control the ingredient dosing and mixing.