DNA and protein synnthesis- SAQs.docx

**[Questions]** 1. What is the full name of DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid 2. What is DNA made up of? Nucleotides 3. Where is DNA found? In the nucleus of the cell. Some is found in the chloroplasts and the mitochondrion.  4. Define Heredity. The way in which characteristics and traits are p...

**[Questions]** 1. What is the full name of DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid 2. What is DNA made up of? Nucleotides 3. Where is DNA found? In the nucleus of the cell. Some is found in the chloroplasts and the mitochondrion.  4. Define Heredity. The way in which characteristics and traits are passed from parents to offspring. 5. What is a gene? A section of DNA that codes for a specific codon. 6. What is meant by gene expression? The way in which DNA is decoded to make a functional protein. 7. What is non-coding DNA? Sections of DNA that do not code for a specific protein. 8. What is a codon? A triplet of bases that codes for a specific amino acid (or a start/stop codon). 9. What nitrogenous bases are the purines? Adenine and Guanine 10. What nitrogenous bases ae the pyrimidines? Thymine and Cytosine. 11. What base is present in RNA that is not present in DNA? Uracil 12.  Define DNA profiling. The making of the banding pattern using a person\'s DNA to compare for identification purposes. 13. Name a use of DNA profiling. Crime scene forensics 14. What is genetic screening? The testing of a person's genetics for the presence/absence of a specific gene.