111.docx

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Ammonia (AMM, | | | | NH3)** | | | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **...

+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Ammonia (AMM, | | | | NH3)** | | | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | **Normal Range** | 6--47 mcmol/L | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Indications** | Used to diagnose | | | | severe liver | | | | diseases. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Test Explanation** | Measures the amount | | | | of ammonia in the | | | | blood. Ammonia in the | | | | body is created by | | | | the breakdown of | | | | protein. The liver | | | | converts ammonia to | | | | urea, which is | | | | excreted as urine in | | | | the kidneys. | | | | | | | | **Blood Tube**: Green | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Purpose** | Check liver function. | | | | | | | | Check success of | | | | treatment for severe | | | | liver disease (e.g., | | | | cirrhosis). Check | | | | levels in a person | | | | receiving total | | | | parenteral nutrition. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Interfering | Smoking. | | | Factors** | | | | | Eating high-protein | | | | or low-protein diet. | | | | | | | | Drugs that increase | | | | blood ammonia (e.g., | | | | Loop diuretics, | | | | narcotics, thiazides, | | | | alcohol). | | | | | | | | Drugs that decrease | | | | blood ammonia (e.g., | | | | broad spectrum | | | | antibiotics, | | | | levodopa, potassium | | | | salts) | | | | | | | | Strenuous exercise | | | | before test. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Results and** | **Lower** | **Higher** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Significance** | Essential or | Liver disease | | | malignant | (cirrhosis or | | | hypertension | hepatitis) | | | | | | | | Reye syndrome | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | Heart failure | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | Kidney failure | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | Severe bleeding from | | | | stomach or | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | intestines | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+