Distinction Tests 12th Shobhit Nirwan PDF
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Shobhit Nirwan
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Summary
This document provides a table of distinction tests in organic chemistry. The table includes various tests, reagents used, detection methods, and relevant observations. The tests are related to organic functional groups, like alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and amines.
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DISTINCTION TEST Name Distinction Between Reagent Detection Remarks 3ᴼ- immidiate turbidity Conc. HCL Lucas Test...
DISTINCTION TEST Name Distinction Between Reagent Detection Remarks 3ᴼ- immidiate turbidity Conc. HCL Lucas Test 1ᴼ, 2ᴼ, 3ᴼ Alcohols 2ᴼ- turbidity after sometime OH Hatao Cl lagao + pani Anhyd. AlCl3 1ᴼ- no turbidity AgNO2 Test Haloalkane & Haloarene AgNO2 AgCl (white ppt) Cl hatao, NO 2 lagao [Ag(NH3 ) 2 ]⁺ Aldehyde + [Ag(NH3)2]⁺ → RCOO⁻ + Ag￬ Tollen's Reagent Aldehyde & Ketone Alakaline Silver Mirror (Ag) But medium Ketone + [Ag(NH3)2]⁺ → X Aldehyde & Ketone Fehling's Test 2Cu2+ + 4OH⁻ Red-Brown ppt (Cu2O) - (Aromatic Aldehyde also) Aldehyde & Ketone CH3CO- + NaOH + I2 → CHI3 (yellow ppt) Iodoform Test having minimum one CH3 NaOH + I2 Yellow ppt (CHI3) CH3CHOH + NaOH + I2 → CHI3 (yellow ppt) group RCOOH & Phenol NaHCO3 Test NaHCO3 CO2 RCOOH + NaHCO3 → RCOONa + CO2↑ RCOOH & Ester Either RCHO 2,4 DNP Test Orange red or Ketone Double or triple bond Bayer's Test Br2 / H2 O Decolorise C- + Br2 (Red) → -C(Br)-C(Br) (Colorless) present in straight chain Aliphatic and Aromatic β-napthol Azo-Dye Test HNO2 1ᴼ Amines Orange dye (insoluble in water)
