Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences PDF

11 Discipline Discipline and and Ideas in Social Ideas in Social Science Science Quarter 1 – Module 1: DISCIPLINES Social Science as the Study of Society AND IDEAS IN THE Quarter 1 – Module 1: SOCIAL...

11 Discipline Discipline and and Ideas in Social Ideas in Social Science Science Quarter 1 – Module 1: DISCIPLINES Social Science as the Study of Society AND IDEAS IN THE Quarter 1 – Module 1: SOCIAL SCIENCES Social Science Quarter 1 – Module 1: as the Study Social of Society Science as the Study Of Society DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 1: Defining Social Science as the study of Society First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Compiler/Contextualizer: Sheila V. Abellar, MT1, Abellana NS Editors/Reviewers: Alice S. Ganar,John Paul Lesondato, Marilou dela Cuesta, Daisy Von Dy, Florinda Geyrozaga Management Team: Dr. Rhea Mar A. Angtud, Ed.D. School Division Superintendent Dr. Gracia Bataluna Chief, Curriculum Instruction Division Dr. Luis Derasin, Jr. EPS, Aral.Pan/SHS Mrs. Vanessa Harayo, LLB EPS In-Charge of LRMS Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education Department of Education – Region VII Office Address: New Imus Road, Day-as Cebu City Telefax: (032)2551516 E-mail Address: [email protected] 1 Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Modules This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. For the learner: Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Modules The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner 2 This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the 3  lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! 4  First Semester Quarter 1: MODULE 1- Week 1 Social Science as the Study of Society Content Standard : The learner demonstrates an understanding of the Emergence of the Social Sciences and the different disciplines Performance Standard : The learner will be able to connect the disciplines with their historical and social foundations Learning Outcomes : Upon completion of the module, the students are expected to illustrate the distinctions between the Social and Natural Sciences and Humanities Competencies : Differentiate the nature and functions of Social Science disciplines with the Natural Sciences and Humanities Topics : A.Defining Social Sciences as the study of society B.Introducing the Disciplines within the Social Sciences What I Know Let us try to check how far you know about Social Sciences by answering these few questions. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of your best answer in a separate sheet of paper. 1. Which of the following is not an example of Social Science? A. Anthropology B. Economics C. Physics D. Psychology 2. In archeology, objects found on a certain area by the archeologist are being studied. What do you call to non-movable evidences? A. Ecofacts B. Artifacts C. Features D. Fossils 3. Which of the following best describes what Social Sciences have in common? A. The study of human mind B. A focus on material culture C. Research that overlaps genetics D. An interest in studying human beings 4. These are ideas and beliefs that are passed down from one generation to another generation and can be created by individuals. A. Beliefs B. Culture C. Heredity D. Tradition 5  5. _______________ is a Social Science, while ____________ is a NaturalScience. A. Astrology / Astronomy C. Anthropology / Astronomy B. Astronomy / Horticulture D. Geography / Geology 6. Social Science and Natural Science are both scientific but differ in focus because? A. Natural Science deals with spiritual values. B. Natural Science does not deal with living things. C. Social Science deals with all aspects of humans life. D. Social Science deals mostly with matter and energy. 7. The Social Science is most concerned with the distribution, consumption and production of resources in society. A. Psychology B. Linguistics C. Economics D. Anthropology 8. Anthropology most often studies the relationship between? A. Physics and Biology B. Marketing strategy and Geography C. The natural environment and trading system D. Biological traits and socially acquired characteristics of human 9. Geography: earth’s physical structure; Anthropology: ____________________ A. Allocation of resources C. Human origin and adaptation B. Society and its culture D. Language and its structure 10. Natural Science – Chemistry; Social Science - _________________________ A. Anatomy B. Biology C. Society D. Physics 11. Understanding the world and how people interact with each other is ________ A. A study of Natural Science and Social Science B. A study of Natural Science C. A study of Social Science D. A study of Science 12. Which of the following does not include in the study of Geography? A. How the mind of human works B. How human interacts with nature C. Explore the properties of the earth’s surface D. The relationship of human and the environment 13. It is a statistical study of population, especially human beings A. Anthropology B. Demography C. Economics D. Geography 14. Social Science can be used to study and understand __________. A. Man B. Society C. Religion D. World 15. Social Sciences perspective can be used to address _________________. A. Issues and Problem C. Health and Education B. Youth and Social Media D. All of the above Time is up..! Let us see if your answers are correct as you explore this module. And your journey starts now….. 6  What I Need to Know Hello Senior High School learners…Welcome to DISCIPLINES & IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES course! This module is designed mainly to introduce you to the approaches, ideas and perspectives of the social sciences, focus is not on mere listing of each and every social philosopher but on the context of how ideas about society were created and shaped in various situations and periods, as well as application of these ideas in concrete real-life situations. Isn’t it exciting, right? So, for you to further understand the entire lesson of the module, let me share to you the learning objectives of this module. At the end of this lesson you can: ▪ define Social Science as the study of society ▪ identify the disciplines within the Social Sciences What’s In Activity 1: KNOWING ME Instructions: Answer the activity below in a separate sheet of paper. Hello senior high school students! It is time to know each other. I would like you to introduce yourself by completing this sentence: “Hello, my name is _________. The object that best represent me is a ___________ because _____________________. Example: “Hello, my name is GERONIMO T. SAMPILO. The object that best represent me is a POCKET WI-FI because I CAN GIVE AND SHARE THE KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION THAT THE USERS WANT TO KNOW. Oooppss! Your time is up now. Your answer would tell who you are and the contribution you want to share in our society. Do you have any ideas on the meaning of Social Science? Well, it is the study of society and the manner in which the people behave and influence the world around us. Social sciences tell us about the world beyond our immediate experience and can help explain how our own society works. Can you give reasons why there are unemployment, what causes economic growth, why do we vote or simply what makes you happy. Well, this is what our course all about! Let us proceed then… 7  What’s New Activity 2: PICTURE CONCEPTUALIZATION Before you unlock more on Social Science, I would like you to do this first activity entitled “Picture Conceptualization”. Just follow the instructions given below. What is the image you are seeing above? What does it mean to you? How is it affecting your day to day life? From the news that you have heard and from your observation, how would you assess the situation? Do you think our local government and the national responding well to the crisis? Can you identify reasons why we are at the moment embracing what they call “New Normal”? Write your answers in a separate answer sheet. What Is It When we study our own society, we also examine ourselves and the community where we belong. Social Sciences do help in providing us the necessary perspective and methodological tools in order for us to understand the realities around us. In our everyday life, routine, or regimen, seldom do we think about the “patterns” of our usual behavior: Why we do certain things the way we do, why we associate with a particular group of people, why we follow a specific belief, why we are not allowed to do certain acts, why we remember certain acts and forget others. All these affect our everyday decisions. The term Social Science is a body of knowledge characterized by an objective to understand what society is and what does it do to people living inside it. This is a group of rather independent disciplines, with its own respective philosophies, intellectual histories and research methodologies, but are fundamentally bound together because they deal after all with the same entity that is called “society”. Hence, the word “social” situates the whole discipline in people and their social contexts. On the other hand, the word “science” is also a key idea in the disciplines. It is often observed that social sciences is also fused with arts and humanities and is also 8 aligned with the natural or physical sciences. Another point that is equally important is that Social Science deals with people, with the idea of being “human”. Thus “humanities” the idea of examining and celebrating the human side of our social existence. So we have, on one hand, an empirical and objective approach to human existence and on the other hand, an imaginative, creative, and “humanist” side of social analysis. Social Science Discipline Social Sciences are a group of academic disciplines dedicated to examining society. This branch of science studies how people interact with each other, behave, develop as culture and influence the world. Social Science as a field of study is separate from the natural sciences, which cover topics such as physics, biology and chemistry. Social Science examines the relationships between individuals and societies, as well as the development and operation of societies, rather than studying the physical world. The Social Sciences includes: Anthropology “anthropos’ (human), “logos” (study of)  “The science of humanity”, which studies human beings in aspects ranging from the biology and origins – a science of the totality of human existence.  The goal of anthropology is to provide a holistic account of humans and human nature. Economics “economy” (household management)  Economics is the study of efficient allocation of scarce resources in order to satisfy the unlimited needs and wants. Geography “geo” (Earth), “graphein” (description)  Geography is the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments. Geographers explore both the physical properties of Earth’s surface and the human societies spread across it. They also examine how human culture interacts with the natural environment, and the way that locations and places can have an impact on people. It seeks to understand where things are found, why they are there, and how develop and change over time. History “histoire: (recorded and documented events)  History is the study of the past as it is described in written documents. Events occurring before written record are considered prehistory. Linguistics “lingua” (tongue, language)  Linguistics is the scientific study of language, and involves an analysis of language form, language meaning, and language in context. Linguists traditionally analyse human language by observing an interplay between sound and meaning. Political Science “politika” “polis” (affairs of the cities)  Political Science is a social science which deals with systems of government, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts and political behavior. It deals extensively with the theory and practice of politics which is commonly thought of as determining of the distribution of power and resources. 9   Political Scientists “see themselves engaged in revealing the relationships underlying political events and conditions, and from these revelations they attempt to construct general principles about the way the world of politics works.” Sociology “socius” (people together, associate), “logos” (study of)  Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state, from the divisions of race and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture, and from social stability to radical change in whole societies. Unifying the study of these diverse subjects of study is sociology’s purpose of understanding how human action and consciousness both shape and are shaped by surrounding cultural and social structures. Psychology “psyche” (mind), “logos” (study of)  Psychology is the study of behavior and mind, embracing all aspects of conscious and unconscious experience as well as thought. It is an academic discipline and a social science which seeks to understand individuals and groups by establishing general principles and researching specific cases. Demography “demos” (people), “graphein” (description)  Demography is the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations. It is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. What I Have Learned Defining academic disciplines can prove to be a difficult activity since all of them would have multiple definitions and explanations. Remember that social science, for all intents and purposes, is a much a collective and coherent framework of social inquiry as it is diverse field of intellectual study. We only have to appreciate its value as a potent tool of both understanding and transforming human condition in this world. Social science is interested in telling us what it means to be human. 10  What I Can Do Activity 3: MATCHING TYPE Instruction: Match column A with Column B. Write the letter of the correct in your answer sheet. A B 1. The process and principles of government a. Economics 2. Study the social behavior & societies b. Psychology 3. The earth and the say humans are dispersed c. Sociology 4. Nature of language and its variations d. Political Science 5. The study of the mind’s functions e. Geography 6. Ways in which society deals with money f. Democracy 7. The study of cultural, social and physical g.Anthropology Development of human h.Social Science 8. Form of government in which one person rules i.Natural Science 9. Form of government in which power is exercised j. Monarchy Majority of the people 10. A science that governs the natural world Assessment How are you Senior High Students? I hope that you have unlocked the concept of Social Science and its disciplines. I guess you are ready for a test now, this time, do it independently this part here is graded so be cautious in answering each item. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of your best answer in a separate sheet of paper. 1. These are ideas and beliefs that are passed down from one generation to another generation and can be created by individuals. A. Culture B. Beliefs C. Tradition D. Heredity 2. In archeology, objects found on a certain area by the archeologist are being studied. What do you call to non-movable evidences? A. Ecofacts B. Artifacts C. Features D. Fossils 3. Which of the following best describes what Social Sciences have in common? A. An interest in studying human beings B. The study of human mind C. A focus on material culture D. Research that overlaps genetics 4. Which of the following is not an example of Social Science? A. Physics B. Anthropology C. Economics D. Psychology 11  5. Social Science and Natural Science are both scientific but differ in focus because? A. Natural Science deals with spiritual values. B. Social Science deals with all aspects of humans life. C. Social Science deals mostly with matter and energy. D. Natural Science does not deal with living things. 6. __________________ is a Social Science, while _____________ is a Natural Science. A. Astrology / Astronomy C. Anthropology / Astronomy B. Geography / Geology D. Astronomy / Horticulture 7. Anthropology most often studies the relationship between? A. The natural environment and trading system B. Biological traits and socially acquired characteristics of human C. Physics and Biology D. Marketing strategy and Geography 8. The Social Science is most concerned with the distribution, consumption and production of resources in society. A. Psychology B. Linguistics C. Economics D. Anthropology 9. Geography: earth’s physical structure; Anthropology: ____________________ A. Allocation of resources C. Human origin and adaptation B. society and its culture D. Language and its structure 10. Natural Science – Chemistry; Social Science - _________________________ A. Biology B. Anatomy C. Society D. Physics 11. It is a statistical study of population, especially human beings A. Geography B. Demography C. Anthropology D. Economics 12. Social Science can be used to study and understand __________. A. Man B. Society C. Religion D. World 13. Social Sciences perspective can be used to address _________________. A. Issues and problem C. health and education B. youth and social media D. all of the above 14. Understanding the world and how people interact with each other is ________ A. A study of Natural Science and Social Science B. A study of Natural Science C. A study of Social Science D. A study of Science 15. Which of the following does not include in the study of Geography? A. Explore the properties of the earth’s surface B. How human interacts with nature C. How the mind of human works D. The relationship of human and the environment 12  Additional Activities So, how’s your first module? Did you find it interesting? Were you able to answer all the activities? Activity 4: PERSONALITY RESEARCH Instructions: Research on the Key personalities of the different discipline, paste/print their picture and write something about them. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. KEY PERSONALITIES ACHIEVEMENTS/ACCOMPLISHMENTS LEAH SALONGA First Filipina to become successful in Broadway.. Answer Key Activity 1: Knowing Me Answers may vary Activity 2: Picture Conceptualization Answers may vary Activity 3: Matching Type 1. D 6. A 2. C 7. H 3. E 8. J 4. G 9. F 5. B 10. I Activity 4: Personality Research Answers may vary 13  References DELA CRUZ, ARLEIGH ROSS D., FADRIGON, CECILE C., and MENDOZA, DIANA J. “Discipline and Ideas in the Social Sciences.” Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.2016. pp. 1- 8. 3 JOSE, MARY DOROTHY DL. AND ONG, JEROME A. “Discipline and Ideas in the Social Sciences.” Quezon City. Vibal Group, Inc. 2016. pp. 5 – 11. www.canva.com For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected] 14