Discussion 3 Freuds Theory Cont(2) 2024.pptx

Freud’s Theory Cont… (2) Psychosexual Development Sexual energy present at birth » » » psychosexual development Erogenous zones: sensitive body parts that function as sites for the expression of energy (mouth, anus, genitals) Generally, in each stage there are aspects of development th...

Freud’s Theory Cont… (2) Psychosexual Development Sexual energy present at birth » » » psychosexual development Erogenous zones: sensitive body parts that function as sites for the expression of energy (mouth, anus, genitals) Generally, in each stage there are aspects of development that must be achieved in order to move on to the following stages. Oral stage 0 - 12 months Erogenous zone - mouth, lips, oral cavity incorporative behaviour (sucking, biting, etc) Weaning Fixation: Oral-Passive or Oral Dependent Types (overly passive, dependent, optimistic, gullible, clinging, etc) Oral-Aggressive or Oral-Sadistic Types (pessimistic, hostile, sarcastic, manipulative, etc) Anal Stage 2-3yrs Erogenous zone: Anus Bowel movements (Process of defecation) Toilet training (control) Fixation: Anal-Retentive Types (stubborn, stingy, hoarding, rigid, compulsively neat & orderly, obsessively clean, overly conscientious, meticulous) Anal-expulsive Types (destrunctive, sadistic, hostile, sloppy, disorganized, careless, defiant, etc) Phallic Stage 4-6 years Erogenous zone: genitals Curiosity about genital area Child desires parent of opposite sex Male: Oedipus Complex- Castration anxiety Female: Electra Complex- Penis envy Identification with same sex parent (incorporates values, morals, attitudes, & gender related behaviours) Fixation: Phallic types (depending on how the superego develops) - Men: Boastful, always asserting masculinity & proving virility, etc - Women : Flirtatiousness, seductiveness, promiscuity, etc Latencv Stage Age 6 - puberty Sexual impulses repressed & psychosexual development is dormant ("on hold") Development of friendships & interaction with the social world Genital stage Puberty onwards >>> adulthood Hormonal changes take place and there is an upswing in sexual energies Development of social-sexual or intimate relationships (functioning in relationships guided by early childhood experiences or unresolved conflicts of earlier years) Stage ends with mature capacity for love and realization of adult sexuality Evaluation of Freud's theory - Emphasizes psychic determinism - highlighted the influence of unconscious drives on behaviour - brought attention to importance of early childhood experiences on later development and adult personality - placed too much emphasis on sexual drive - cannot be scientifically validated - theory has a 'postdictive' character (almost any thought, feeling, or action, can be explained after it has occurred)