Dental Public Health 1 PDF Lecture - Centro Escolar University

CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY - MAKATI Dentistry Department: 4th Year - Second Semester | PRELIMS Dental Public Health 1 Lecture| Doc. Raphaelli Carla Almerido Sasam INTRODUCTION OF DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH 1 COMMUNITY MODULE...

CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY - MAKATI Dentistry Department: 4th Year - Second Semester | PRELIMS Dental Public Health 1 Lecture| Doc. Raphaelli Carla Almerido Sasam INTRODUCTION OF DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH 1 COMMUNITY MODULE 1 ​ A collection of people, a population, or a group of people having something in OBJECTIVES common. At the end of this module, the learner will be able ​ Is used to indicate a collection of people to do the following: who are located in a defined geographic 1.​ Explain the different terminologies in Public area such as a city, nation or state. Health ​ A group or collection of people who live in 2.​ Analyze the characteristics of an Ideal a specified geographic area that is of a Public Health Measures limited size. 3.​ Identify the influential figures in the new ​ Is a group or collection of people having public health movement similar attributes. 4.​ Summarize the objectives for Dental Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH 5.​ Specialists and their specific areas of knowledge and expertise In 1920, Charles-Edward A. Winslow defined Public 6.​ Compare between Clinical and Dental Public health as: Health Practice ​ "The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical and WHAT IS PUBLIC HEALTH? mental health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, the control of community infections, the education of the individual in principles of personal hygiene, the organization of the medical and nursing service for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease, and the development of social machinery, which will ensure to every individual in the community a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of health." TERMINOLOGIES HEALTH According to WHO, 1948 ​ "Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." ​ In 1986 "A resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resourced, as well as physical capacities." DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH ​ The American Board of Dental Public Health (ABDPH) defined it as "the science and art of preventing and controlling dental  CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY - MAKATI Dentistry Department: 4th Year - Second Semester | PRELIMS Dental Public Health 1 Lecture| Doc. Raphaelli Carla Almerido Sasam disease and promoting dental through provision of organized community efforts" health services ​ Researchers in behavioral sciences related to dental health Characteristic of an Ideal Public Health Concerned Areas: Source: Jong's Community Dental Health 1.​ Of proven efficacy in the reduction of the 1.​ Dental health education targeted disease 2.​ Research and application of findings of 2.​ Medically and dentally safe research 3.​ Easily and efficiently implemented, utilizing 3.​ Implementation of programs of dental care a relatively small amount of materials, groups supplies and equipment. (ART-applied) 4.​ Prevention and control of dental disease 4.​ Readily administered by non-dental through community approach personnel 5.​ Attainable by the beneficiaries regardless of DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTITIONERS their socioeconomic, educational, income and occupational status ​ People who are interested in careers and 6.​ Readily available and accessible to large leadership roles in dental public health numbers of individuals should be knowledgeable in both oral health 7.​ Inexpensive, therefore affordable by the practice and dental public health. majority 8.​ Uncomplicated and easily learned by the DPH PRACTITIONERS VS. SPECIALIST utilizers 9.​ Administered with maximum acceptance on DPH PRACTITIONERS DPH SPECIALIST the part of the patient 10.​ Administered with minimum compliance on ​ Full-time ​ Advanced the part of the patients - patient can do in employment graduate her own, not so complicated with the education administration ​ Specialty of public health certification The Great People/ Contributors in the New programs Public Health Movement ​ DOH, UN or national 1.​ Rene Dubos (1979) governmental 2.​ Archie Cochrane (1972) organizations 3.​ Ivan Illich (1976) (NGOS) 4.​ Vincente Navarro (1976) ​ Faculty 5.​ Aubrey Sheiham (1977) members in departments 6.​ Thomas McKeown (1979) dealing with 7.​ Nancy Milio (1986) community-orie 8.​ David Locker (1988) nted dental 9.​ Michael Marmot (2005) practice 10.​ Geoffery Rose (2008) ​ Researchers in epidemiology, prevention, or  CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY - MAKATI Dentistry Department: 4th Year - Second Semester | PRELIMS Dental Public Health 1 Lecture| Doc. Raphaelli Carla Almerido Sasam 1.​ Rene Dub0s (1979 5.​ Aubrey Sheiham ​ Perfect health was a 'mirage'- (1977) an impossible dream ​ A leading dental public ​ Proposed concept of holistic health academician. health as being a state of ​ Highly critical of clinical balance, equilibrium, and dentistry and the limited harmony use of scientific evidence ○​ improve social, mental in clinical decision wellbeing of an making. individual ​ Very influential in dental policy and importance of 2.​ Archie Conchrane (1972) adopting a common risk approach in oral ​ Founder of Evidence- based health promotion. Medicine movement ​ Identified 'lack of scientific 6.​ ThomS McKeown (1979) evidence' in the clinical 7.​ Nancy Milio (1986) practice 8.​ David Locker (1988) ​ Stressed the need to evaluate 9.​ Michael Marmot (2005) all forms of medical care with 10.​ Geoffery Rose (2008) randomized clinical trial 3.​ Ivan Illich (1976) OBJECTIVES FOR PUBLIC HEALTH ​ Major critique of modern SPECIALISTS ESTABLISHED BY medicine and medicalization COMMITTEE OF AMERICAN BOARD OF of life DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH (ABDPH) ​ Stressed iatrogenic "threat to health" of medical care 4 OVERALL CATEGORIES: ​ Concerned by power and control of medical profession 1.​ Health policy and in modern society and program management peoples' lack of autonomy in and administration coping with life, illness, and death. 2.​ Research methods in dental public health 4.​ Vincente Navarro (1976) 3.​ Oral health promotion ​ Critical of the and disease prevention commercialization of health 4.​ Oral health services and the emphasis placed upon delivery systems profit and financial gain. ​ Stressed how the capitalist Specific Areas of Knowledge and system has taken over health Expertise of DPH specialists: care as a commodity to be bought and sold. 1.​ Planning, implementation, operation and ​ Identified how the system evaluation of dental public health programs defines diseases and 2.​ The policy-making process formulates politically driven 3.​ Regulation solutions that fail to challenge the 4.​ Management information systems underlying factors that create disease. 5.​ Human resources management 6.​ Financial management 7.​ Marketing  CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY - MAKATI Dentistry Department: 4th Year - Second Semester | PRELIMS Dental Public Health 1 Lecture| Doc. Raphaelli Carla Almerido Sasam 8.​ Communications 7.​ Works in Oral Epidemiology (etiology of 9.​ Quality assurance dental caries, sugar as a risk factor to 10.​ Risk management dental caries; gum disease; oral cancers; smoking in relation to general and oral Contrasting Aspects of Dental Model vs. Dental Public health; effects of medicine on oral tissues) Health Models Dental Model Dental Public Health Model Purpose To maximize the To maximize the dental interest of dental health status individual patients of a population, community or the public Work Content To provide personal To develop, dental health implement, and services for evaluate dh patients to improve programs; to create their dental health health services for improving the public's oral health Practitioner's Risk-benefit for Relative concern individual patients cost-benefits of different community intervention strategies Practitioner's Obligation is to How best to moral individual patients allocate community Obligation resources Idealism Provision of Use of appropriate state-of- the-art technology may not services be on that is state-of the-art Consideration Patient-specific Population-based in decision- needs measures of needs making Outcomes Measured in terms Measured in terms of CHANGES IN of CHANGES IN INDIVIDUALS INDIVIDUALS Achievements of Dental Public Health Professionals 1.​ Epidemiological studies 2.​ Fluoridation 3.​ Pits and Fissure Sealants 4.​ Development of Alternative Modes of Treatment such as: Atraumatic Restorative Treatment or ART; Manual Restorative Treatment or MRT; Minimum Intervention Dentistry or MID 5.​ Development of adjuncts to oral hygiene 6.​ Use of herbal remedies