Defense Mechanisms PDF

“Defense Mechanisms” 1. When people experience difficulties, they have different ways of handling their pain. These different ways of dealing with pain are called “Defense mechanisms” Note 2. Defense mechanisms originally conceived by Sigmund Freud, much of the development of de...

“Defense Mechanisms” 1. When people experience difficulties, they have different ways of handling their pain. These different ways of dealing with pain are called “Defense mechanisms” Note 2. Defense mechanisms originally conceived by Sigmund Freud, much of the development of defense mechanisms was done by his daughter, Anne Freud 3. Defense mechanisms can be healthy or unhealthy depending on the circumstances, and how much the person uses them. A mental maneuver that one consciously or unconsciously chooses to use to distort Definition or falsify the truth of one’s experience in order to protect oneself from feeling painful emotions like shame, guilt, or anxiety 1. Resolve a mental conflict Functions 2. Reduce stress or fears 3. Protect one’s self esteem 4. Protect one’s sense of security Forms of Defense Mechanisms Voluntary putting an unacceptable thoughts or feelings out of one’s mind Suppression with the ability to real the thought or feelings at will. A deliberate intentional ‫الكبح‬ exclusion from the conscious mind is referred to as voluntary forgetting. ‫ معناه إنك بتقدر تمنع مشاعر سلبيه تحصلك ومتقعدش تفكر ايه اللي ممكن يحصل‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ The person is unable to recall painful or unpleasant thoughts or feelings because they are automatically and involuntary pushed into one’s Repression unconsciousness. ‫ معناه لما الشخص يحصله أحداث مؤلمة وهو صغير زي مثال اختطاف او كده فالحدث ده‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫من كتر ما هوا قاسي الواحد بينساه عاشان بيروح تلقائيا للعقل الالوعي‬ Rationalization is used unconsciously to justify ideas, actions, or feelings with Rationalization good, acceptable reasons or explanation. Generally, it used to maintain self- ‫التبرير‬ respect, prevent guilt feelings, and obtain social approval or acceptance )‫ معناه ان الشخص بيعلق مشاكله على حاجات معينة (شماعة‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ The act of making up for a real or imagined inability or deficiency with a specific behavior to maintain self-respect or self-esteem. The person Compensation overcomes an inability by becoming proficient in another area. This may ‫التعويض‬ occur in conscious or unconscious level ‫ معناه ان لو الشخص عنده إعاقة مثال في حاجه معينة فيقوم يثبت نفسه في رياضة مثال أو‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫أي حاجه بحيث يكتسب احترام الناس وميحسش ان هوا عنده إعاقة‬ Reaction Overcompensation. The person exaggerates or overdevelops certain actions Formation by displaying exactly the opposite behavior, attitude, or feeling from what he “Over- or she normally would show in a given situation. compensation” )‫ معناه ان الشخص بيظهر لشخص تاني سلوك ومشاعر غير اللي في قلبه (بيمثل‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ A mechanism that serves to transfer feelings such as frustration, hostility, or Displacement anxiety from one idea, person, or object to another. ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيطلع غيظه في أي حاجه بسبب موقف حصل ليه‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ Undoing / Negation of a previous consciously intolerable action or experiences to reduce Restitution or alleviate feelings of guilt ‫تغيير الموقف‬ ‫ معناه ان الشخص لما مثال يعمل حاجه مش كويسة ويحس بتأنيب الضمير فيقوم يصلح‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫اللي هوا عمله‬ The person rejects unwanted characteristics of self and assigns them to others. The person may blame the others for faults, feelings, or shortcoming Projection that are unacceptable to them. The person attributes one’s own perceived negative attributes into someone else. )‫ معناه ان الشخص بيطلع مشاكله على الناس (مش متقبل ان هوا غلط‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬  It is redirecting bad or unacceptable behavior/emotions into positive behavior. We sublimate the desire to fight into the ritualistic activities of Sublimation formal competition. ‫التهذيب‬ ‫ معناه ان الشخص لو عنده سلوك مش عاجبه في نفسه وهوا عارف كده فيقوم يحول‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫السلوك اللي مش كويس ده لسلوك إيجابي زي مثال لو الشخص حاسس نفسه انه عصبي فيقوم رايح‬ ‫الجيم ويخرج غضبه في الرياضة‬ Using childlike ways for expressing emotions. Or returning to a previous Regression stage of development ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيرجع لسلوك قديم كان عنده وهوا صغير لما تحصله مشكله زي مثال لو‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫حد حصله مشكله فيقوم يعيط جنب أي ركن زي ما كان بيعمل وهوا صغير‬ Both harmful and helpful impulses are split off and un-integrated, frequently projected into someone else, the individual segregates the experience into all Splitting good and all bad category, with no room for ambiguity and ambivalence. ‫ هوا بيقتنع ان كل حاجه الما ابيض الما‬.‫ معناه ان الشخص معندوش حاجه اسمها رمادي‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫اسود ومش قادر يتقبل فكره ان في ناس كويسه ممكن تغلط‬ Acting out Direct expression of an unconscious wishes or impulses in action, without ‫االندفاع‬ conscious awareness of the emotion that drives that expressive behavior ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيندفع ويخرج مشاعر مش كويسه قصاد الناس‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ Tendency to retreat into fantasy in order to resolve inner and outer conflict. 8 Is a sort of imagination which can provide an escape from frustration by Fantasy giving us imaginary satisfaction. Fantasy is a mechanism of wishful thinking ‫التخيل‬ & important for creative thinking ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيبقي عنده مشكله بس مش قادر يحلها في الواقع فيقوم يتخيل عاشان‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫يحسس نفسه ان مشكلته اتحلت‬ Aggression towards others expressed indirectly or passively, often through Passive procrastination. Indirectly “getting back” at someone. Often, this is seen in Aggressive humorous sarcasm that has an element of cruelty and in procrastination and Behavior tardiness. ‫ معناه ان الشخص لما يكون متعصب من شخص معين فيقوم يبين كده بطريقة غير مباشرة‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ Constructive serve of to others that brings pleasure and personal satisfaction. Altruism Through helping others, one feels better about oneself ‫االيثار‬ ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيفضل الحاجات للناس على نفسه (االيثار) وطبعا ده أحسن طريقه من‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ Defense Mechanisms ‫طرق ال‬ Focusing on facts, figures, statistics, and scientific, rational data rather Intellectualization than experiencing unpleasant emotions or feelings. ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيهبد في أي حاجه‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ The expression of an intra-psychic conflict as a physical-symptoms. Transfer the energy of a desire you can’t express into a physical complaint or symptom Conversion (headache, stomach aches). ‫ معناه ان الشخص بيبقي عنده ألم معين بس مش قادر يعبر للناس فيقوم يخرج أعراض‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫جسمانية زي مثال يقول عندي صداع وهكذا‬ Failure to accept reality. Unconsciously refusing to accept what has happened Denial that is too difficult to bear “This is not happening. It can’t happen to me.” ‫االنكار‬ ‫ معناه ان الشخص لما يحصله موقف صعب جدا ومش قادر يصدق اللي حصل من كتر ما‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬ ‫هوا موقف مؤلم ليه زي مثال لما حد يموت عنده شخص عزيز عليه‬ An object or act represents a complex group of objects and acts, some of Symbolization which may be conflicting. ‫ معناه ان الشخص يستخدم لغة اإلشارة عاشان يعبر عن مشاعره لشخص تاني‬:‫شرح بالعربي‬