Day 6 KIN 3110 2024 Exercise Thresholds PDF

KIN 3110 | ADVANCED FITNESS ASSESSMENT ROBERT GUMIENIAK, PhD.  Identify the domains of exercise intensit...

KIN 3110 | ADVANCED FITNESS ASSESSMENT ROBERT GUMIENIAK, PhD.  Identify the domains of exercise intensity. Describe the lactate threshold and maximal lactate steady-state. Key questions Describe the physiology of incremental exercise. Apply these data. https://www.outsideonline.com/health/training-performance/what-does-your-threshold-really-mean/ LAST LASTCLASS… CLASS…  WHY EXERCISE THRESHOLDS? Don't need to know these values Feito, Y., Magal, M. (Eds.). (2022). ACSM’s fitness assessment manual (Fifth edition.). Wolters Kluwer Health.  Alternatives to exercise modes WHY EXERCISE THRESHOLDS? 2 metabolic boundaries (3 zones) 1 Lactate threshold rep.. 2 respiratory compensation point uncomfortably unsustainable state - can't go steady · ↳ uncomfortable 3 not sustainable & voz slow component ↳ lose efficiency , Stay 2 : 3 mins to buncomfortable but sustainable get into ↳ sustainable steady comfortably state for hours I can go Jamnick NA, Pettitt RW, Granata C, Pyne DB, Bishop DJ. An Examination and Critique of Current Methods to Determine Exercise Intensity. Sports Med. 2020 Oct;50(10):1729-1756. doi: 10.1007/s40279-020-01322-8.  COMMON THRESHOLDS DEFINING DOMAINS OF EXERCISE INTENSITY Poole DC, Rossiter HB, Brooks GA, Gladden LB. The anaerobic threshold: 50+ years of controversy. J Physiol. 2021 Feb;599(3):737-767. -  The break from the levelness is the mark of change from moderate TWO METABOLIC BOUNDARIES (3 ZONES) to heavy ↳ lactat threshold can be maintained lactate LACTATE THRESHOLD (LT) Patique - sindicator our ↳not theCase It is the caul The highest metabolic rate (or VO2) at which blood lactate can be maintained at resting levels (~45-75% VO2max). change the > - lower your VO = can be and boundaries means the More is continue exercise energy you will have Partitions the moderate from heavy intensity exercise domains. CRITICAL INTENSITY (SPEED/POWER) or MAXIMAL severa moderalz Heavy LACTATE STEADY-STATE (MLSS) or RESPIRATORY COMPENSATION (RCP) The highest VO2 at which a heightened lactate production in muscle may be stabilized in blood (~70-95% VO2max). Partitions the heavy from severe intensity exercise domains. Jamnick NA, Pettitt RW, Granata C, Pyne DB, Bishop DJ. An Examination and Critique of Current Methods to Determine Exercise Intensity. Sports Med. 2020 Oct;50(10):1729-1756. doi: 10.1007/s40279-020-01322-8. PMID: 32729096.  INCREMENTAL EXERCISE CRITICAL INTENSITY WORK RATE LACTATE THRESHOLD TIME Poole DC, Rossiter HB, Brooks GA, Gladden LB. The anaerobic threshold: 50+ years of controversy. J Physiol. 2021 Feb;599(3):737-767. doi: 10.1113/JP279963. Epub 2020 Nov 19.  O2 Supply < O2 Demand Glycolysis Pyruvate b Ischemia Acetyl-CoA doesn't cause Transit time fatigue feeling Ventilation perfusion CAC limits (Kreb’s Cycle) Etc… -fatigue feeling ETC O2 CO2  EXERCISE-INDUCED ACIDOSIS As exercise intensity increases, HLa increases, HLa is dissociated into H+ and Lactate, H+ drives pH down creating an acidic environment and inhibiting further muscular activity, Bicarbonate (HCO3) acts as a buffer to ‘soak up’ excess H+, However, HCO3 is limited and once depleted, H+ increases rapidly, Concurrently, pCO2 is increasing - requiring rapid breathing → ISOCAPNIC BUFFERING. H2O + CO2 H2CO3 HCO3 + H+ Normal body pH is ~ 7.4 (± 0.05) > 7.45 = alkalosis; < 7.35 = acidosis Bicarbonate (HCO3) is a buffer against changes in pH. It is a weak acid or base depending on the solution/environment it is in.  BELOW THE LACTATE THRESHOLD. same Ventilating the had matcha y Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  INCREMENTAL EXERCISE ↑ VCO matches VCO 2 ↑ increase lireach 8 Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279- 021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  BELOW THE LACTATE THRESHOLD Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  ABOVE THE LACTATE THRESHOLD – HEAVY INTENSITY Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  INCREMENTAL EXERCISE initial rise D zn Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279- 021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  TRANSITIONING ABOVE THE LACTATE THRESHOLD Isocapnic Buffering Isocapnic Buffering Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  ABOVE THE LACTATE THRESHOLD – SEVERE INTENSITY & get rid or CO2 to tu Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  INCREMENTAL EXERCISE Or ga respiratory compensation point Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279- 021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  TRANSITIONING ABOVE THE LACTATE THRESHOLD HYPER HYPERPNEA VENTILATION Keir DA, Iannetta D, Mattioni Maturana F, Kowalchuk JM, Murias JM. Identification of Non-Invasive Exercise Thresholds: Methods, Strategies, and an Online App. Sports Med. 2022 Feb;52(2):237-255. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01581-z. Epub 2021 Oct 25.  INTENSITY CAN BE MISCLASSIFIED WITH FIXED PERCENTAGES M - VO2 = 60-85% VO2max eavy oderate Intensity domain distribution from two representative individuals. For Individual (a), critical power (CP) occurs not is at a higher percentage of V̇ O2max compared to person everyone HR = 70-89% HRmax working out& (b). When prescribed exercise at 75%V̇ O2max, for intensity same person (a) this elicited heavy intensity exercise but severe intensity exercise for person (b). If exercise is prescribed relative to CP, this considers the positioning of CP relative to the individual’s V̇ O2max Recreated from Martin MacInnis, CSEP 2020. Iannetta D., et al. A Critical Evaluation of Current Methods for Exercise Prescription in Women and Men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 466–473, 2020. Meyler, S., et al (2023). Variability in exercise tolerance and physiological responses to exercise prescribed relative to physiological thresholds and to maximum oxygen uptake. Experimental Physiology.  HOW DO WE PRESCRIBE EXERCISE INTENSITY? Heart rate %HRmax; %HRR Oxygen uptake %VO2max; %VO2 reserve; METs Absolute PO or speed Power output (w) / speed Percent of peak PO or speed Rating of Perceived Exertion 6-20; 0-10 Recreated from Martin MacInnis, CSEP 2020.  A conceptual framework for application of interval training in performance and health contexts can break 3 into more groups Coates, A.M., Joyner, M.J., Little, J.P. et al. A Perspective on High-Intensity Interval Training for Performance and Health. Sports Med (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01938-6  Hierarchical theoretical framework presenting the level of accessibility and effectiveness of different methods to assess exercise intensity. - prescribe exercise intensity Lehtonen E, et al. BMJ Open Sp Ex Med 2022;8:e001339. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001339 HOW TO APPLY THRESHOLD DATA Learning tool to better Evaluate fitness. Prescribe exercise. Evaluate the effect of comprehend acute/chronic exercise integrative physiology. intervention.  SUMMARY phere diffe Exercise prescription based on fixed percentages of maximum provides an inaccurate3 means for controlling exercise intensity. Given that accurate characterization of the training stimulus is critical to obtain the desired metabolic stimulus and subsequent adaptations to exercise training, a model that considers the exercise intensity domains for exercise prescription is recommended. Application of this approach would optimize health-related outcomes of participants and better characterize the adaptations related to acute and chronic exercise trainings. Current exercise prescription guidelines that propose percent-based ranges of maximum cannot guarantee an appropriate individualization of the intensity prescription, and this should be carefully considered when presenting exercise and physical activity guidelines. Iannetta D., et al. A Critical Evaluation of Current Methods for Exercise Prescription in Women and Men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 466–473, 2020.  VENTILATORY EQUIVALENTS FOR O2 and CO2 By dividing expired ventilation by the amount of O2 (CO2) consumed, the resultant ratio provides the efficiency of the ventilation to consume 1L of O2 (CO2) for metabolism. VEO2 = VE / VO2 25 = 100L / 4L 33 = 100L / 3L VECO2 = VE / VCO2 25 = 100L / 4L 33 = 100L / 3L Mezzani, A. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: Basics of Methodology and Measurements. Ann Am Thorac Soc Vol 14, Supplement 1, pp S3–S11, Jul 2017  THEREFORE… We can estimate the point at which HLa is being produced from respiratory gas analysis. Some of the most established and common variables utilized to detect the ‘Anaerobic Threshold’ during incremental or ramp increases in running speed (treadmill) or power output (cycle ergometer). Poole et al. Topical review. The anaerobic threshold: 50+ years of controversy. Physiol 599.3 (2021) pp 737–767. THERE’S AN APP FOR THAT…  Now that we have reviewed anaerobic threshold testing, what is next? NEXT - Topic: Energy Expenditure CLASS… - Chapter: NA - See also: - CourseLink