D5 Digestive Health 2020 PDF

DIGESTION D5 Digestive Health Learning Intentions for D5 Students will describe some digestive disorders including what causes them, and any treatments Students will be introduced to the concept of the gut microbiome and begin to understand the important role it plays in human health You...

DIGESTION D5 Digestive Health Learning Intentions for D5 Students will describe some digestive disorders including what causes them, and any treatments Students will be introduced to the concept of the gut microbiome and begin to understand the important role it plays in human health You Are What You Eat! Canada’s Food Guide recommends a balanced diet, filled with the nutrients required for the body’s many metabolic activities. Required intake of specific food groups depends on factors like age, gender, and lifestyle (activity level). Tummy Troubles Ulcer – forms when the thick layer of mucus that normally protects stomach lining erodes; generally caused by acid- resistant bacteria, Heliobacter pylori. Can be agitated by smoking, caffeine, alcohol, and stress.  Intestinal Issues Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) – general term for inflammation of the intestines. Crohn’s Disease (autoimmune) IBD can occur anywhere along tract, but usually affects the ileum of the small intestine; can result in painful diarrhea and rectal bleeding. Colitis (autoimmune) IBD with ulceration of the innermost lining of the colon; symptoms may include loose/bloody stool, cramping, skin lesions, and joint pain. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) A diagnosis of exclusion (symptoms but tests show no serious underlying cause) People often experience changes in bowel movements (constipation or diarrhea), urgent bowel movements, abdominal pain, excessive bloating and gas Stress is an important factor! Treatments Laxatives (for constipation) Anxiety/depression often coexist, so antidepressants may be prescribed as part of management Low-FODMAP diet (look it up – it’s pretty cool and legit!)  Liver Conditions Hepatitis – inflammation of the liver; three types. Hep A – usually contracted from contaminated water vaccines Hep B – spread through sexual contact; highly contagious available Hep C – contracted by contact with infected blood Cirrhosis – chronic disease occurs when scar tissue replaces healthy tissue and prevents proper functioning chronic alcoholism and hep C most common causes. Gallstones Gallstones – small, hard cholesterol-derived crystals that form in gallbladder; risk factors include obesity, alcoholism, and family history.  Related Conditions: Eating Disorders Anorexia nervosa intense fear of gaining weight combined with distorted self-image BMI less than 85% of recommended Can have severe long-term effects (cardiac arrest, death) Bulimia nervosa Recurrent episodes of food restriction followed by binge eating (consuming an unusually large amount of food within a relatively short period of time) Behaviours meant to ‘purge’ the body of food and prevent weight gain Eating disorders are not a lifestyle choice! They are a biologically influenced medical illness with significant mental health components. RESOURCE: National Eating Disorder Information Ce ntre Traditional vs. Modern Diet Research shows that Inuit people are far healthier when they eat a traditional diet based of caribou, seal, artic char, and whale meat, compared to consuming a “western” diet. What did your ancestors eat? THE NEXT FRONTIER Microbiome & the Gut-Brain Axis Microbiome LINK: American Microbiome Institute VIDEO: The Hidden World of Microbiomes (PHD Comics) Gut-Brain Axis A bi-directional link between the central nervous system (CNS) and the enteric nervous system (ENS) Also involves the microbiome Very active current area of research (and super cool!) VIDEO: What If You Had a Second Brain? (ASAP Science Gut-Brain Axis https://www.nature.com/news/the-tantalizing-links-between-gut-microbes-and-the-brain-1.18557 What? So What? Now What? I can describe, in basic terms, some digestive disorders and their treatments I can briefly summarize the importance of the gut microbiome Assignment/Videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3Ftj5E90tY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1sISguPDlhY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyQY8a-ng6g https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ycHwcV9MvM https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=6&v=Mjh DRG-mQ7w Review Q’s in booklet Chapter 6 Quiz tomorrow!