CSSF-EXAM.docx

Introduction to Computer Systems ================================ ### Computer Functionality - - - - - ### Evolution of Computing Devices - - - - - - - - - - - - Components of a Computer System =============================== ### Central Processing Unit (CPU...

Introduction to Computer Systems ================================ ### Computer Functionality - - - - - ### Evolution of Computing Devices - - - - - - - - - - - - Components of a Computer System =============================== ### Central Processing Unit (CPU) - - - - - ### Input/Output Unit - Input/Output Units ================== ### Overview of Input/Output Units Input/output units facilitate the transmission of information between the external world and computer memory.\ Data fed through the input unit is stored in the computer\'s memory for processing, and the final results are stored for display or recording on output mediums. ### Memory Unit Essential component of a digital computer where all intermediate data and results are stored.\ Instructions to be executed and data to be processed are held in the memory unit.\ Acts as a temporary storage for data read from main storage or input units. Types of Memory =============== ### Primary Memory Directly linked with input and output units, storing input data, intermediate calculations, and results.\ Provides temporary storage for data during processing. ### Secondary Memory Required for permanent storage of data not retained by primary memory.\ Utilizes different storage technologies for long-term data retention. Input & Output Devices ====================== ### Input Devices Devices used to input data into the computer system, such as keyboards, mice, touchscreens, barcode readers, scanners, MICR, and OMR. ### Output Devices Devices that display processed information, including monitors, printers, plotters, and projectors. Memory Units and Data Storage ============================= ### Memory Units Overview Memory stores data for later reference, starting from the smallest unit, a bit (0 or 1).\ Progresses to larger units like bytes, nibbles, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, petabytes, exabytes, zettabytes, and yottabytes. ### Primary Memory Details Directly linked to input/output units, providing temporary storage for data during processing. ### Secondary Memory Examples Required for long-term storage of data not retained by primary memory.\ Examples of secondary storage technologies include hard drives, solid-state drives, optical discs, and USB flash drives. Data Deletion, Recovery, and Security ===================================== ### Data Deletion and Recovery Data deletion involves removing data for various reasons like freeing disk space, avoiding confusion, or protecting sensitive information. ### Security Concerns Deleting personal data, survey responses, or sensitive information to prevent unauthorized access.\ Ensuring data security by securely deleting or recovering data as needed. Data Management and Recovery ============================ ### Reasons for Deleting Data - - - - ### Data Recovery Process - - - - Computer Security ================= ### Definition and Scope - - ### Main Concerns - - - - Software Overview ================= ### Definition and Purpose - - ### Types of Software ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------- **Type** **Description** **Examples** System Software Manages and extends the processing capabilities of the computer. Operating System, Compilers, Interpreters Application Software Satisfies specific needs in a particular environment. Payroll Software, Microsoft Office Suite Utility Software Aids in analyzing, optimizing, and maintaining computer systems. Antiviruses, Disk cleanup tools, Compression tools ---------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------- Operating Systems ================= ### Functions of Operating System - - - ### Types of Operating Systems - - - - - - Language Processing =================== ### Compiler and Interpreter - - - ### Difference Between Compiler and Interpreter - -