Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Reviewer PDF

Summary

This document is a reviewer on Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions. It discusses general concepts in art, historical periods, and cultural traditions. It also features information on notable artists and art forms, visual and performing arts, and cultural institutions.

Full Transcript

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Reviewer I. General Concepts in Art 1. Contemporary Art – This refers to art created in the present time. It is diverse, using different materials, styles, and ideas to express meaning. It often reflects current social iss2ues, culture,...

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Reviewer I. General Concepts in Art 1. Contemporary Art – This refers to art created in the present time. It is diverse, using different materials, styles, and ideas to express meaning. It often reflects current social iss2ues, culture, and technology. 2. Functions of Art: o Personal Functions – Art serves as a medium for self-expression. Artists create artworks based on their emotions, thoughts, and experiences. Example: A painter creating a piece to express sadness. o Physical Functions – Art is used for practical purposes, such as designing buildings, furniture, and clothing. Example: Pottery, sculptures, and architecture. o Social Functions – Art is used for communication, cultural traditions, and community celebrations. It can bring awareness to issues or commemorate historical events. Example: Public murals that depict national heroes or historical events. II. Historical Periods in Philippine Art 1. Ethnic Art (Pre-Colonial Period) – This includes indigenous artistic expressions like weaving, woodcarving, and tattooing. Art was closely linked to daily life and was used for rituals, storytelling, and decorations. 2. Spanish Era (1521-1898) – During this time, art focused mainly on religious themes, as Spain introduced Christianity. Churches were decorated with paintings and sculptures of saints. Example: The paintings of Juan Luna and religious sculptures in churches. 3. American Period (1898-1946) – Western-style education was introduced, and formal art education became available. Realism and landscapes became popular subjects in paintings. Example: Fernando Amorsolo’s paintings of rural life. 4. Japanese Period (1941-1945) – Art was heavily influenced by wartime themes. Many artworks showed suffering, nationalism, and Oriental influences. III. Philippine Festivals and Cultural Traditions 1. Panagbenga Festival – A flower festival held in Baguio City every February. The term Panagbenga means "blooming season" in the Kankanaey language, celebrating the city’s floral industry. 2. Obando Fertility Dance – A religious and cultural dance in Bulacan where couples dance to ask for blessings of fertility and children. It is dedicated to the patron saints of Obando. 3. Sinulog Festival (Cebu) – One of the grandest festivals in the Philippines, held in honor of the Santo Niño (Child Jesus). It is known for its colorful street dances and drum beats. 4. Venta (Zamboanga) – A term referring to a trade fair, where goods are bought and sold. 5. Pangalay – A traditional Tausug dance from Sulu that features graceful hand movements, often performed at weddings and celebrations. IV. Notable Artists and Art Forms 1. Fernando Amorsolo – A famous Filipino painter known for his bright and romanticized depictions of rural life in the Philippines. His works often feature farmers, sunlight, and landscapes. 2. Juan Luna – A Filipino painter known for Spoliarium, a dramatic painting showing Roman gladiators. His works have strong nationalist themes. 3. Paete, Laguna – Known as the “Woodcarving Capital of the Philippines.” The town is famous for its finely carved religious images, furniture, and sculptures. 4. Okir Design (Lanao del Norte, Maranao People) – A unique form of artistic wood carving and decorative design used by the Maranao people, featuring flowing geometric patterns. V. Visual and Performing Arts 1. Visual Art – Any artwork that can be seen, such as painting, sculpture, photography, and architecture. 2. Music – The arrangement of sounds to create harmony, rhythm, and melody. Example: Filipino folk songs like Bahay Kubo. 3. Dance – A performing art involving movements of the body in a rhythmic way, often performed to music. Example: Tinikling, a traditional bamboo dance. 4. Film – A form of visual storytelling that combines moving images and sound. Example: Classic Filipino films like Himala. VI. Cultural Institutions and Organizations 1. Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP) – Founded in 1969, the CCP is the main institution for promoting Philippine arts, such as theater, music, dance, and literature. 2. National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) – The government agency responsible for preserving and developing Philippine culture and heritage. 3. National Library – The institution that holds and preserves books, manuscripts, and historical documents in the Philippines. 4. National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) – This agency is responsible for the conservation of historical sites, monuments, and records of Philippine history. VII. Principles and Elements of Art 1. Positive Space – The main subject or object in an artwork, while negative space is the empty area around it. Example: In a painting of a tree, the tree itself is the positive space. 2. Appropriation – A technique where artists take pre-existing images or objects and use them in a new context. Example: Pop Art, which takes images from advertisements and reuses them in artistic ways. 3. Performance Art – A live artistic presentation that combines visual art, theater, and movement. Example: Protest art where artists use their bodies to make a statement. 4. Texture and Patterns: o Binakol – A textile pattern that features optical illusions. o Ikat – A technique in weaving where threads are dyed before weaving. o Kut-Kut Art – An ancient Filipino painting technique combining European and indigenous styles. 5. Sarimanok – A mythical bird in Maranao culture, symbolizing prosperity and good fortune. VIII. Philippine Traditional Arts and Architecture 1. Islamic Art – A style of art characterized by intricate geometric patterns and floral motifs, often seen in mosques and textiles. 2. Hagabi – A long wooden bench that symbolizes a person’s social status among the Ifugao people. Only the wealthy could afford to have one. IX. Performing Arts and Cultural Expressions 1. Talip Dance – A traditional Ifugao courtship dance where dancers imitate birds. 2. Sarsuwela, Kundiman, Senakulo – These performing arts were popular during the Spanish era: o Sarsuwela – A form of musical theater. o Kundiman – A traditional Filipino love song. o Senakulo – A dramatization of the Passion of Christ during Holy Week. 3. Ferdinand Marcos’ "New Society" Movement – Promoted arts and culture as part of nation- building during his presidency. X. Music and Theater Terms 1. Timbre – The unique quality of a sound that distinguishes one voice or instrument from another. Example: A violin has a different timbre from a guitar. 2. Stage Directions – Instructions in a script that tell actors where to stand or how to move on stage. Example: "Exit stage left" tells an actor where to leave.

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