Ethical Dimension and Deontology PDF

Unit: Ethical Dimension and Deontology Dr N. E KHELALFA Renewable Energies. Faculty of Technology. Blida 1 University. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nawal_El_Ka hina_Khelalfa Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA...

Unit: Ethical Dimension and Deontology Dr N. E KHELALFA Renewable Energies. Faculty of Technology. Blida 1 University. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nawal_El_Ka hina_Khelalfa Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 1 Learning objectives of the unit Facilitate the immersion student into his new life and his transition into a responsible adult This course allows reflection in relation to the standards which define the concrete obligations to which all the teaching actors are subject. These standards should be defined and grouped into a code of ethics which would facilitate teachers' decision-making by putting in place rules, recommendations and procedures. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 2 Chapter #1: Ethics Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 3  I. Ethic’s Definition 1) Derived from the Greek word “ethos”= “way of living”, ethics is a branch of philosophy that is concerned with human conduct, more specifically the behaviour of individuals in society. 2) Ethics is the study of the general nature of morals and of the specific moral choices made by individuals. 2) Ethical issues often involve subtle distinctions, such as the difference between fairness and equity. 3) Ethical principles are the guidelines you use to make decisions each day. 3) ethics, Branch of philosophy that seeks to determine the correct application of moral notions such as good and bad and right and wrong or a theory of the application or nature of such notions.. 4) Ethics is a system of moral principles. They affect how people make decisions and lead their lives. Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals and society and is also described as moral philosophy. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 4  What is the personal ethics????? “It refers to the ethics that a person identifies with in respect to people and situations that they deal with in everyday life” What is the professionnal ethics????? It refers to the ethics that a person must adhere to in respect of their interactions and business dealings in their professional life. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 5 Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 6 1. Normative Ethics:  is the study of how we ought to act, morally speaking.  It deals with questions about what is right and wrong, good and bad.  It Is sometimes called moral philosophy. 2. Metaetics:  It can be defined as a branch of ethics that is concerned with the study of the nature of ethics.  It analyzes the meaning when we use words like good, bad, right, and wrong.  It is more about philosophy in nature as it deals with the nature of ethics and morality.  Meta-ethics investigates where our moral and ethical principles come from and what is the meaning behind using them. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 7 3) Descriptive ethics:  It can be defined as describing and explaining people’s moral attitudes and the moral norms and practices of societies.  It is known as comparative ethics and it is empirically based, and aim to discover and describe the moral beliefs of a specific culture.  Deals with people’s beliefs about morality.  Deals with what society thinks is good or bad. Example 1: How many of you think that it is wrong to kill a person? Exemple 2: when we say : “Everyone has a moral right to a good education”. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 8 4) Applied ethics: It can be defined as a branch of moral philosophy that attempts to apply ethical principles and moral theories to real-life moral issues.It also called practical ethics, is the application of ethics to real-world problems. Practical ethics attempts to answer the question of how people should act in specific situations. For example: is it ethical for a business owner to bluff during negotiations with another company? Is it ethical to allow euthanasia? Capital punishment, Animal Rights, and War between two countries,…. The applied ethics are:  Biomedical ethics,  political ethics,  journalistic ethics,  legal ethics,  environmental ethics,  business ethics  …. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 9  III. Ethics in University Academic ethics : They are a set of principles addressing how researchers and research organizations should conduct themselves when dealing with research participants, their data or tissue, other researchers and colleagues, the users of their research and society in general. Example: principles of academic ethics such as the impartiality of a teacher in assessing the work of students and respect for students' privacy and the expression of their opinion are at the heart of the proper teaching process. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 10  IV. A code of Ethics Definition: A code of ethics sets out an organization's ethical guidelines and best practices to follow for honesty, integrity, and professionalism. For members of an organization, violating the code of ethics can result in sanctions including termination. Generally, there are about 12 ethical principles: Honesty, Fairness, Leadership, Integrity, Compassion, Respect, Responsibility, Loyalty, Law-abiding, Transparency, Commitment to Excellnce And Environmental Concerns. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 11 Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 12 Honesty: All personnel must be committed to telling the truth in all forms of communication and in all actions. This includes never purposely telling partial truths, selectively omitting information, making misrepresentations or overstatements. Honesty also means reliably sharing both good and bad news with equal candor. Fairness: All dealings and relationships must be founded on a conscious commitment to fairness, treating others as you would like to be treated. Fairness requires treating all individuals equally and courteously, never exercising power arbitrarily and never exploiting weaknesses or mistakes for personal or corporate benefit. Leadership: Demonstrated by a conscious effort to set a positive example of ethical behavior, leadership is a commitment to excellence through ethical decision- making. Businesses and business executives maintain their leads by constantly improving operational efficiency, worker satisfaction and customer approval. Integrity: Organizations and personnel demonstrate integrity through a consistency between actions and words that inspires trust and credibility. Integrity also means keeping promises, honoring commitments, meeting deadlines and refusing to participate in unscrupulous activities or business dealings. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 13 Compassion: Fostering a business environment of empathy and compassion requires a commitment to being kind and caring toward all personnel, business partners and customers. Business goals must be benevolent, ensured by spending enough time to understand the needs and sensitivities of others, including the local community. Respect: Respect is demonstrated by a full commitment to the human rights, dignity, autonomy, interests and privacy of all personnel. It means recognizing that everyone deserves equal respect and support for sharing ideas and opinions, without fear of any penalty or form of discrimination. Responsibility: Employees exhibit responsibility by taking full ownership of their jobs, striving to be conscious of the emotional, financial and business consequences of their actions. Taking their responsibilities seriously also demonstrates employee maturity and ability to do a job without needing strict supervision. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 14 Loyalty : is proven by never disclosing information learned in confidence and by remaining faithful to coworkers, clients, business partners and suppliers. Loyal employees avoid conflicts of interest, help build and protect the good reputation of their company and help boost the morale of their coworkers. Law-abiding: Organizations must fully comply with all applicable laws and codes from local, state and federal agencies. Law-abiding businesses and personnel also adhere to industry and trade regulations, marketplace standards and any additional mandatory organizational policies, practices and procedures. Accountability: requires a total commitment to the ethical quality of all decisions, actions and relationships. High expectations for ethical behavior drive business practices when an organization and its personnel are held accountable to fellow employees, consumers, the local community and the wider public in general. Transparency : Committing to transparency requires making business information and policies available to appropriate groups, such as financial investors, personnel and consumers. It includes, for example, sharing criteria for price hikes, wages, hiring, granting promotions, addressing workplaceCourse#1: infringements and Ethics Dr N.E firing employees. KHELALFA 15  IV. The Fundamentals principles of Integrity : Ethicals Behaviour to be straightforward and honest in all professional and business relationships. It means that members must not knowingly be associated with misleading information. Objectivity: not to compromise professional or business judgments because of bias, conflict of interest or undue influence of others. members must also be and appear to be independent. Professional Competence and Due Care : To attain and maintain professional knowledge and skill at the level required to ensure that a client or employing organization receives competent professional service, based on current technical and professional standards and relevant legislation; and act diligently and in accordance with applicable technical and professional standards. Confidentiality : to respect the confidentiality of information acquired as a result of professional and business relationships. Confidential information must not be disclosed outside the organization without authority , unless there is a duty or right to disclose, or disclosure is in the public interest and permitted by law. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 16 Professional Behaviour : to comply with relevant laws and regulations and avoid any conduct that the professional accountant knows or should know might discredit the profession. Environmental Consciousness Organizations and personnel demonstrate a commitment to the environment by helping mitigate the effects of global climate change. Beneficial actions include reducing the negative environmental impact of doing business by improving energy efficiency to help lower carbon emissions, reducing water usage and reducing waste. Course#1: Ethics Dr N.E KHELALFA 17