US History EOC Review for Santaluces High School PDF

US History EOC REVIEW Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan - Santaluces High School - 2014  WWII ⚫ What was the US foreign ⚫ Neut...

US History EOC REVIEW Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan - Santaluces High School - 2014  WWII ⚫ What was the US foreign ⚫ Neutrality Acts- Americans policy from 1939-1941? could not sail on ships flying the flag of a belligerent nation or trade arms with warring Non-Intervention nations. (Isolationism) ⚫ Cash-Carry- US could trade arms as long as the nations paid cash and transported their own goods ⚫ Lend-Lease-to lend, lease, sell, or barter arms to any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII ⚫ What was the “date that ⚫ Dec 7, 1941 will live in infamy”? ⚫ The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor US enters WWII! Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII ⚫ What was the result of ⚫ February 19, 1942, Korematsu v United President Franklin States? Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, granting the U.S. military the power to ban tens of thousands of American citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas deemed critical to domestic security. ⚫ Japanese internment camps established. Civil Rights Denied! Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII ⚫ How was Palm Beach ⚫ The U.S. Government county affected during issued blackout WWII? restrictions along the East Coast, enforced by Lights from homes and businesses Civil Defense wardens. on land would create silhouettes of the Allies’ supply ships, making them easy targets for German U-boats Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII How was the home front impacted during WWII? ⚫ Selective Service System- Draft ⚫ War Production Board- Government takes over factory production ⚫ Office of War Information- Propaganda ⚫ Rationing ⚫ Victory Gardens Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII ⚫ Holocaust- the systematic slaughter of millions of Jews and other peoples. ⚫ Anti-Semitism- prejudice against Jews ⚫ Final Solution- Decision to exterminate the Jews in the concentration camps Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII US Reaction to the Holocaust ⚫ He believed that by liberating Europe from Nazi control more people could be saved. ⚫ St. Louis Jewish refugees denied entrance into the US. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII ⚫ Nuremberg Trials- over 20 Nazi officials were found guilty for “crimes against humanity” Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  WWII ⚫ Hiroshima and ⚫ Atomic Weapons- Nagasaki- Cities where developed during the the US dropped the Manhattan project atomic bomb on Japan ⚫ Robert Oppenheimer Video ⚫ New Mexico Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 1. How did methods of warfare in World War II differ from those in WWI? A. Soldiers spend most of their time in trenches to avoid machine gun fire B. Because of a shortage of man power, women fought overseas in combat roles C. Germans submarines frequently attacked British and American shipping D. Airplane, tank, and troop movements were coordinated for rapid advances. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Question 2. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of events in WWII? A. Pearl Harbor, Battle of Midway, D-Day, V-E Day, V-J Day B. Pearl Harbor, Battle of Midway, V-J Day, D- Day, V-E Day C. Battle of Midway, D-Day, V-E Day, Pearl Harbor, V-J Day D. D-Day, V-E Day, Pearl Harbor, Battle of Midway, V-J Day Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Question 3. The posters below were created by the U.S government during WWII. Which generalization do these posters support? A. Women refused to volunteer to assist in the war effort B. The government urged women to fill jobs left vacant by men C. The government tried to recruit women for combat in war. D. Female military officers commanded both male and female troops Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Question 4. Which Civil Rights leader helped to draft the United Nations Charter? A. James Doolittle B. Fred Korematsu C. A. Philip Randolph D. Mary McLeod Bethune Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was America’s foreign policy in the 1940’s after WWII? ⚫ Confrontation and Competition b/w Russia and the US (cold war). ⚫ Containment-Stop the spread of Communism. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What decisions were made at Yalta? ⚫ Discussed the creation of the UN ⚫ Germany divided into 4 occupational zones ⚫ Soviets would join the war in Asia against Japan Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was the purpose of the United Nations? ⚫ To address factors which might lead to war ⚫ Peace keeping organization ⚫ Security Council- US, China, Britain, France, and Soviet ⚫ 193 countries are members Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech? ⚫ The term “Iron Curtain” symbolized efforts by the Soviet Union to block itself and Eastern Europe off from the West and non-Communist countries. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech? ⚫ An armed, concrete wall that separated the Soviet section of the city from the rest of Berlin. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War Why did the U.S. begin the Marshall Plan? ⚫ Provide economic aid to Europe after WWII. ⚫ Promote democracy in weaker nations. $13 billion Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine? ⚫ Contain communism in Europe by the Marshall Plan and NATO NATO Warsaw Pact Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was McCarthyism? ⚫ Search for Communists and their sympathizers by falsely accusing people. ⚫ Loyalty Review Boards- (HUAC) conducted investigations of govt. employees thought to be Communists. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War Why was there a 2nd Red Scare in America after World War II? ⚫ The Cold War between the Soviets and the US. ⚫ The Soviets developed an Atomic weapon ⚫ Fear of spies among us giving or selling secrets to our enemies Rosenbergs sentenced to death for spying Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was the significance of the Russian launch of Sputnik I? ⚫ Soviet Union was ahead of the US in Science ⚫ Education changes – National Defense Education Act US creates NASA Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? ⚫ Seen as Kennedy’s greatest foreign policy success ⚫ Persuaded Cubans and Russians to back down on nuclear attack ⚫ Result: Americans and Soviets established “hot line” between each other’s leaders (red phone). Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War What was the outcome of the Korean War? ⚫ Cease fire ⚫ Korea remained a divided nation ⚫ Domino Theory Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War Indochina Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia formally ruled by the French – south of China Ho Chi Minh – leader of Northern Vietnamese Communists who fought first French then American imperialist power Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War Gulf of Tonkin ⚫ Gave President Johnson the authority to wage war in Vietnam. ⚫ Took war powers from Congress Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War - US involvement in Vietnam ⚫ 1955- Eisenhower sends ⚫ 1969- US bombs advisors Cambodia ⚫ 1961- Kennedy sends 100 ⚫ 1970- Nixon begins special forces withdrawing troops ⚫ 1964- Gulf of Tonkin ⚫ 1973- All US troops are ⚫ 1966- 190,000 American withdrawn troops in Vietnam ⚫ 1974- South Vietnam ⚫ 1968- Tet Offensive falls to Communism Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Cold War Vietnamization Withdrawing American troops and replacing with South Vietnamese Détente Easing of tensions ⚫ Began in 1971 with Nixon ⚫ SALT I and II ⚫ Doves – antiwar supporters ⚫ Gorbechev’s glasnost – openess, free to criticize w/out fear ⚫ Gorbechev’s perestroika – free enterprise Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 1. Which of these conditions was an economic cause of the Cold War in Europe? A. Stalin resented the fact that western allies had delayed invasion of France during the war B. Truman failed to share the secrets of the atomic bomb at the Potsdam Conference C. The US had a capitalist system while the Soviets had a Communist system with central planning. D. Stalin felt the Soviet Union had the right to establish a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 2. Which statement best summarizes the outcome of the Korean War? A. North Korea made minor gains in the South but lost territory in the North to China B. A majority of Northern Koreans fled southward causing a collapse of the Northern Korean government. C. North and South Korea remained divided at the 38th parallel, just as they had before the war. D. Korea was reunited under the coalition government consisting of both Northerners and Southerners. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 3. Use the following: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was created. National Defense Education Act was passed Increased federal money was provided to improve schools, especially in math and science More money was appropriated by the Congress for research and development Which event sparked these changes? A. The Soviet Union launched its satellite, Sputnik. B. Mao Zedong led a successful Communist revolution in China. C. North Korea crossed the 38th Parallel to invade South Korea. D. Senator Joseph McCarthy announced the discovery of “Reds” in the State Department. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 4. What was an important consequence of the Cuban Missile Crisis? A. The Soviet Union secretly kept nuclear missiles in Cuba pointed at Florida. B. United States kept missiles in Turkey and Greece pointed at the Soviet Union. C. Fidel Castro was removed from power in Cuba and all nuclear weapons were taken out of Cuba. D. Soviet and American leaders established an emergency “hot line” and negotiated a partial test ban treaty. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Post War American Society ⚫ Huge surge in baby births between 1946-1960s ⚫ Need for more schools ⚫ Set consumer trends ⚫ Social Security problems beginning in 2011 Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Post War American Society Suburbs / Highway System ⚫ Eisenhower signed the Federal Aid Highway Act in 1956 ⚫ Shaped America into a world economic superpower and highly industrialized country ⚫ Suburbs, areas outside of cities, grow. Residential communities, single America’s greatest family homes. public works project! Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Post War American Society GI Bills ⚫ Low income mortgages ⚫ Low interest loans to start a business or farm ⚫ Tuition and living expenses payments ⚫ Suburbs grow as a result 2.2 million veterans took advantage of the educational benefits! Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 1. President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, better known as the “GI Bill”. What important benefits did this law provide to veterans returning from WWII? A. Free medical care and a special retirement plan. B. Low interest housing loans and a bonus payment after five years. C. Low interest housing loans and payment towards high school, vocational school, or higher education. D. The promise of a guaranteed jobs and payments towards high school, vocational school, and higher education. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 2. What was an important cause of American prosperity during the post- WWII period? A. Most American married couples postponed having children in order to work longer. B. American producers faced less competition because of destruction in Europe and Asia. C. Women remained in the workforce after the war in order to increase American production. D. The elimination of poverty through federal programs increased demand and stimulated production. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan  Practice Questions 3. What was an important impact of the Federal Highway Act in 1956? A. State control of immigration routes had increased B. Travel and trade between states became easier and faster than before. C. Towns bypassed by the interstate system generally grew just as fast as those on interstate highways. D. Increased traffic made it more difficult for the armed forces to move troops around the country. Prepared by: Colleen Gleason and Katie Sheridan