Rise of Dictators PDF

WORLD WAR II THE RISE OF DICTATORS The POST-WWI era was much different for THE REST OF THE WORLD than it was for the US! The German WEIMAR REPUBLIC lost support due to RESENTMENT over the war-guilt clause, demilitarization, loss of territories A FEW MAJOR EXAMPLES ECONOMIC DEPRESSION and STRUGGLE...

WORLD WAR II THE RISE OF DICTATORS The POST-WWI era was much different for THE REST OF THE WORLD than it was for the US! The German WEIMAR REPUBLIC lost support due to RESENTMENT over the war-guilt clause, demilitarization, loss of territories A FEW MAJOR EXAMPLES ECONOMIC DEPRESSION and STRUGGLES TO RECOVER incited revolutions and the rise of RADICAL GOVERNMENTS Russia & Italy saw PUBLIC UNREST b/c they were STRIPPED OF LAND despite their CONTRIBUTIONS to the war effort Weaknesses of Versailles NEW DEMOCRACIES FAILED due to a lack of experience, support DESPERATION SETS IN THROUGHOUT THE WORLD GOVERNMENTS COLLAPSE, LEAVING A VACUUM OF LEADERSHIP ECONOMIC COLLAPSE AND WEAKNESSES OF THE VERSAILLES TREATY COMBINE RADICAL LEADERS W/ AMBITIOUS PROMISES STEP INTO THE VACUUM DICTATORSHIP ITALY IN Benito Mussolini was a WWI vet who headed the Italian Fascist Party in 1921 Nicknamed “Il Duce”, he used his powerful speaking to incite nationalist support among Italians form of gov. that stresses nationalism & places interests of the state above the individual Quickly won the support of Italy’s upper and middle classes, military, and prominent gov. officials BENITO MUSSOLINI By 1921, high unemployment, inflation, & a fear of communism led to popular support for Mussolini 1922 - Mussolini and his fascist Blackshirts marched on Rome & seized power in a bloodless coup “Il Duce” maintained private property with strict gov. controls tight regulation in every part of life He crushed all opposition to his rule, promised a new “Roman Empire” under his authority MUSSOLINI Fascism under SOVIET DICTATORSHIP UNION IN STALIN COMMUNISM under Joseph Stalin became Soviet Premier in 1924 after the death of Vladimir Lenin He abolished private farms, reorganized them into collectives His “purges” used secret police to ruthlessly eliminate his enemies (8 - 13 million killed/missing) Redistribution of wealth, land worked by hundreds of families He implemented “five year plans” for Soviet industrialization W/ all industry under state control, USSR was world ind. leader JAPAN MILITARISM IN HIROHITO TOJO AND Hideki Tojo was Prime Minster to Japan’s Emperor Hirohito Late 1800s - Industrialization and militarization fuels Japan’s desire for a vast Pacific empire Tojo orders the invasion of Manchuria in 1931 Was also head of the militaristic wing of the Japanese Gov. sensing a weak League of Nations, Japan looks to defenseless neighbors for resources, territory to avoid sanctions, Japan leaves LON GERMANY DICTATORSHIP IN Adolf Hitler was a WWI vet who headed the National Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazi) Nicknamed “Der Fuhrer”, his powerful speaking inspired Germans in econ./psych. crisis Despite it’s name, the nazi party had nothing to do with socialism As a disgruntled youth, he wrote Mein Kampf, which laid out the master-plan of Nazism (racial purification, territorial expansion,etc.) He promised Germans a renewed nation, retribution for Versailles ADOLF HITLER HITLER NAZISM under 1933 - The Nazis become majority party in German gov. & Hitler is elected chancellor Hitler immediately dismantles the democratic Weimar government He declares himself FUHRER and established the THIRD REICH Hitler replaces democracy w/ dictatorship and the Germans support it! (He is their only hope!) By 1932, 6 mil unemployed, war debts, & anger toward Versailles led to the rise of Nazism EUROPE WAS COVERED IN... IN THE END, TOTALITARIANISM CHARACTERISTICS STRONG NATIONALISM, MILITARISM, SUPPRESSION OF OPPOSITION, COMPLETE GOV. CONTROL OVER CITIZENS Strong, extremist views of totalitarians were attractive to desperate citizens after WWI 1936 - Francisco Franco rebels against democratic Spanish gov. w/ help from Hitler & Mussolini, he becomes Fascist dictator explains why people willingly allowed these govs. to form CLOSURE 1) The rise of Mussolini and Stalin 2) The rise of militaristic Japan 3) The rise of Adolf Hitler 4) Totalitarianism Write THREE things you learned today about: