Acid Base Balance Cases PDF
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Uploaded by FruitfulGrace
UMCH, University Târgu Mureș, Medical Campus, Hamburg
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Summary
This document presents a collection of acid-base balance cases. Each case details patient characteristics, vital signs, and arterial blood gas (ABG) results. The cases are suitable for medical education or practice exercises.
Full Transcript
**Case no 1.** 22 year old female with hyperventilation. No medical history. Physical examination: profound, rapid breathing (30 /min, normal 12-16 /min). ABG: - - - - Acid-base status? **Case no 2.** 60 year old male with known chronic pulmonary disease. Physical examination: super...
**Case no 1.** 22 year old female with hyperventilation. No medical history. Physical examination: profound, rapid breathing (30 /min, normal 12-16 /min). ABG: - - - - Acid-base status? **Case no 2.** 60 year old male with known chronic pulmonary disease. Physical examination: superficial rapid breathing. ABG: - - - - Acid-base status? **Case no 3.** 30-year-old man, with no significant medical history, presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of fever, productive cough and progressive dyspnea. Physical examination: facial flush, axilary temperature of 39.3°C. Pulse **104 beats/min** ----------------------- ------------------------ ----------------- -------------- Respiratory rate **28 breaths/min** Blood pressure 118/70 mmHg *Sa *o ~2 ~(room air) **89%** **Arterial blood gas** **On room air** **Normal** H ^+^ **31.8 nmol/L** (35--45) pH **7.50** (7.35--7.45) P co ~2~ **28.1 mmHg** (35--45) P o ~2~ **57.8 mmHg** (\>80) Bicarbonate 23.9 mmol/L (22--28) BE −0.5 mmol/L (−2 to +2) S o ~2~ 88.7% (\>96%) K 3.7 mmol/L (3.5--5) Na 138 mmol/L (135--145) Cl 99 mmol/L (95--105) Ca ^+^ 1.2 mmol/L (1--1.25) Hb 15 g/dL (13--18) Glucose 5.4 mmol/L (3.5--5.5) Acid base status? **Case no 4.** 70 year-old male patient with a history COPD and chronic carbon dioxide retention (Baseline PCO~2~ 58) presents to the emergency room complaining of dyspnea and an increase in the frequency of cough attacks, associated with high purulence sputum production. His oxygen saturation is 78% on room air. Arterial blood gas: - - - - Acid base balance? **Case no 5.** A 38-year-old pacient presents with shortness of breath. Physical and clinical examination: cyanosis of the lips and a productive cough. Respiratory rate is 31, rapid and shallow. ABG results are: - - - - Acid base status? **Case no 6.** 65 year male old patient complaining of shortness of breath. His breathing is shallow and rapid. He has no significant respiratory or cardiac history. He takes several antianxiety medications. He says he has had anxiety attacks before. ABG results are: - - - - Acid base status? **Case no 7.** 24-year-old DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) patient from the ED with high plasma levels of glucose. ABG results are: - - - - Acid base status? **Case no 8.** 20 year old female patient with watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. A blood gas is obtained to assess her acid-base balance: - - - - - Acid base status?
