Honors Geometry Vocabulary PDF

Chapter 1 Vocabulary: n-gon - a polygon with n sides Plane- flat surface that extends indefinitely in all directions Linear pair- pair of adjacent angles whose noncommon sides that are opposite rays Acute angle- an angle with a degree measure less than 90 Distance- the length of a segment between tw...

Chapter 1 Vocabulary: n-gon - a polygon with n sides Plane- flat surface that extends indefinitely in all directions Linear pair- pair of adjacent angles whose noncommon sides that are opposite rays Acute angle- an angle with a degree measure less than 90 Distance- the length of a segment between two points Angle bisector- a ray that divides an angle into two congruent angles Opposite rays- rays that share a common endpoint and are collinear Vertical angles- two nonadjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines Construction-a method of creating geometric figures without the benefit of measuring tools Degrees- a unit of measure used in measuring angles and arcs Vertex- a common endpoint of the angle Ray- part of a line. Has one endpoint and extends indefinitely in one direction Undefined terms- words, usually readily understood that are not formally explained by means of more basic words and concepts Line segment- a measurable part of a line that consists of two points called endpoints and all the points between them Intersection- a set of points common to two or more geometric figures Coplanar- points that lie in the same plane Angle- formed by two noncollinear rays that have a common endpoint Point- a location. Neither shape nor size Line- made up of points. Has no thickness or width Segment bisector- a segment, line, or plane that intersects a segment at its midpoint Perpendicular- are lines, segments or rays that form right angles Sides- the rays of the angle Midpoint- the point on a segment exactly halfway between the endpoints of the segment Congruent segments/angles- segments or angles that have the same measures Supplementary angles- two angles with measures that have a sum of 180 Complementary angles- two angles with measures that have a sum of 90 Collinear- points that lie on the same line - for any two points A and B on a line, there is another point C between A and B if and only if A, B and C are collinear AC+CB=AB Right angle- an angle with a degree measure of 90 Circumference- the distance around a circle Vertex of the polygon- vertex of each angle of a polygon Irrational number- number that cannot be expressed as a terminating or repeating decimal Congruent- having the same measure Convex- a polygon for which there is no line that contains both a side of the polygon and a point in the interior of the polygon Polygon- a closed figure formed by a finite number of coplanar segments Perimeter- the sum of the lengths of the sides of the polygon Regular polygon- a polygon with all congruent angles Concave- a polygon for which there is a line containing a side of the polygon that also contains a point in the interior of a polygon Defined terms- explained using defined terms or other defined terms Obtuse angle- an angle with a degree measure greater than 90 Regular polygon- a polygon with all congruent sides - points that are inside of the angle Area- number of square units needed to cover a surface Space- defined as boundless, three dimensional set of all points Adjacent angles- two angles that lie on the same plane, have a common vertex and a common side, but no common interior points Chapter 2 Vocabulary: Alternate interior angles- non adjacent outside angles that lie on opposite sides of the transversal Point-slope form- y-y1+m(x-x1) where (x,y) is any point on the line and m is the slope of the line Parallel planes- planes that do not intersect Theorem- a statement or conjecture that can be proven true by undefined terms, definitions, and postulates Transversal- a line that intersects two or more lines at two different points Consecutive interior angles- interior angles that lie on the same side of the transversal Statement- sentence that is either true or false Skew lines- lines that do not intersect and are not coplanar Slope- ratio of the change along the y-axis to the change along the x-axis Corresponding angles- angles that lie on the same side of the transversal and on the same side of the line Parallel lines- coplanar lines that don't intersect Slope-intercept form- y=mx+b Alternate interior angles- non-adjacent inside angles that lie on opposite sides of the transversal Proof- a logical argument in which each statement you make is supported by a statement that is accepted as true Inductive reasoning- a reasoning that uses a number of specific examples to arrive at a conclusion Postulate- a statement that is accepted as true without proof Deductive reasoning- a system of reasoning that uses facts, rules, definitions, or properties to reach a conclusion Formal proof- contains statements and reasons in 2 column Counter example- an example used to show that a given statement is not always true Conjecture- an educated guess Chapter 4 Vocabulary: Corresponding Parts- matching parts of congruent polygons Corollary- a statement that can easily prove using a theorem Vertex angle- the angle with sides that are legs Base angle- the two angles formed by the base and the congruent side Auxiliary line- an extra line or segment drawn in a figure to help analyze geometric relationship Included angle- the angle formed by two sides and the angle Flow proof- uses statements written in boxes and arrows to show the logical progression of an argument Congruent polygons- polygons in which all matching parts are congruent Exterior angle- formed by one side of a triangle and the extension of the adjacent side Legs of an isosceles triangle- two congruent sides Remote interior angles- the angles of a triangle that are not adjacent to a given exterior angle Included side- the side of a polygon that is a side of each of two angles Chapter 5 Vocabulary: Incenter- the point of concurrency of the angle bisector of a triangle Altitude- in a triangle, a segment from a vertex of the triangle to the line containing the opposite side and perpendicular to that side Perpendicular bisector- in a triangle, a line/segment/ray that passes through the midpoint of a side and is perpendicular to that side Point of concurrency- point of intersection of concurrent lines Orthocenter- lines containing the altitudes of a triangle are concurrent, intersecting at a point Centroid- point of concurrency of the medians of a triangle Concurrent lines- three or more lines that intersect at a common point Circumcenter- point of concurrency of the perpendicular bisector of a triangle Median- in a triangle, a line segment with endpoints that are a vertex of a triangle and the midpoint of the side opposite the vertex Indirect reasoning- reasoning that assumes that this assumption leads to a contradiction of the hypothesis like a postulate theorem, or corollary Chapter 6 Vocabulary: Diagonal- segment that connects any two nonconsecutive vertices Parallelogram- quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel Rectangle- parallelogram with 4 right angles Rhombus- parallelogram with 4 congruent sides Square- parallelogram with 4 congruent sides and 4 right angles Trapezoid- quadrilateral with 1 pair of parallel sides Bases- parallel sides of a trapezoid Legs- nonparallel sides of a trapezoid Base angles- angles formed by a base and a leg Isosceles trapezoid- legs of a trapezoid are congruent Midsegment of a trapezoid- segment that connects the midpoints of the legs Kite- 2 pairs of consecutive congruent sides.