Concept Of Development And Its Relationship With Learning PDF

ConceptOfDev elopmentAndI tsRel ati onshi pWi th l earni ng Dev elopment: Devel opmentistheprocessofquantit...

ConceptOfDev elopmentAndI tsRel ati onshi pWi th l earni ng Dev elopment: Devel opmentistheprocessofquantit ati veandqual it ati vegrowthofthechi l d andtheemergenceanddiff erenti ati onofcapabi li ti esoverti me.Iti sthe funct ionofmatur it yaswel lasint eract ionwit htheenvi ronment. Di ff erenceBet weenGr owt hAndDev elopment Thet er msgr owthanddev el opmentar eof t enusedi nt erchangeably.Act ual lytheyare concept ually diff erent. Nei ther gr owt h nor dev elopment t akes pl ace all by i tself.Gr owt hreferst oquantit ativechangesi nsizewhi chincludephy sicalchangesin height ,wei ght,si ze,inter nalorgans,etc. Asani ndividualdevelops,oldfeaturesl i kebabyf at ,hai randt eeth,et c.,disappearand newf eat uresli kef acialhai retc..areacqui r ed.Whenmat uri tycomes, thesecondsetof teeth, primar yandsecondar ysexchar acter ist ics, etc. , appear.Simil archangesoccuri n allaspect softheper sonali ty. Development ,bycont rast,ref erstoqualitati vechangest akingpl acesi multaneously withquant it ati vechangesofgr owth.Itmaybedef inedasapr ogressi v eser iesofor derl y, coher entchanges.Thet erm pr ogressi vesignifi esthatchangesar edi recti onal,thatthey l eadf or wardrat herthanbackwar d.Orderl yandcoher entsuggestt hatt hereisadef init e rel ationshipbetweent hechangest aki ngpl aceandt hosethatpr ecedeorwi l lfollow them.Dev el opmentr epresentschangesinanor ganism fr om itsor igi nt oitsdeat h,but mor epar t icul arl ythepr ogressi vechangeswhi chtakeplacefr om or igint omat uri ty. St agesOfDev elopment All childr enpr ogr essinadef i nit eorderthr oughthesestagesandtheyal lfol l owsimil arbasi c patt erns.Thesestagesalongwiththecorr espondingagesofthechil dhavebeeni denti fi edby devel opment alpsychol ogist sasf ol lows. St age: Ti mef rame pr enatal bef orebi rt h i nfancy Bir thto1year earlychil dhood 1- 3y ears preschool 3-6y ears school chi ldhood 6-12y ears adolescence 12- 20y ears youngadul thood 20- 30y ear s adulthood 30-50y ears mat ureadult 50- 65y ear s agingadult 65+ 1.Pr enat alPer iod( bef orebi rt h) Li febeginsatthet imeofconcepti on.Whenthechil disinthemother’ swombt he part icul arperi odspentther eisknownasprenat alperi od.All import antext ernaland i nternal feel ingsst arttodevel opatthi sst age. 2.I nfancy( Bir tht o3y ear s) From bi rt huptothethirdyearofl if e, t hestagei sknownasi nf ancy.Babi esgrowvery rapi dlyi nsizedur ingtheirf ir stthr eey ear s.Theacqui sit ionofmotorski ll sli kehol ding thi ngs,cr awli ng,wal kingproceedsfrom si mpletocomplex. 3.Pr e-school chi l dhood( 3-6y ear s) Thegr owthi nhei ghtisnotasr apidduri ngthisstageasi ti sininf ancy.Chi ldrenimprov e eye,handandsmallmuscl ecoordi nati on.Forexampl etheycandrawacircle,pour fl uidsintoabowl ,butt onandunbutt onclothes, andl anguagedevelopmentisrapid. 4.School chi l dhood( 6-12y ear s-Pr imar yschool year s) Schoolchi ldr enbetweentheageof6t o12y earslookmucht al l erandthinner.Chi ldr en exhi bitr apidgai nsinstr engthandswi f tness.Theyachievenewmot orski ll sandthei r competencebecomesmor epronouncedinallareasofdevel opment. 5.Adol escence( 12- 20y ear s) Iti st hespanofy earbetweenchi ldhoodandadul thoodwhi chbegi nsatpuber ty.Thisistheperi odof rapi dphy si ologicalgrowt h.Therear eanumberofpsy chologi calchangeswhichalsot akeplace. Chil dr enjumpr ope,bi cy cl e,ri dehor ses,danceandi ndulgeinal lpossibl egames.Cogni ti vel yt hey aremor eagileandsoci alr el ati onshipsbecomei mportant.Butt hehall markoft hi sst ageist he searchf ori dent i ty.Anumberofpsy chologi calchangesalsot akepl ace.Gi vensex-rol eexpectat ions, gir lsat tach greaterimpor t ancet o good inter personalr el ationshipsand thef amilywhileboy s emphasi zethei mportanceoft heirownsoci alpr estigeandcar eer. 6.Adul thood( 20- 65+y ear s) Forbetterunderstanding, adulthoodcanbedividedintothr eestages.Theseare: (a)Youngadulthood( 20-50y ears) (b)Mat ur eadulthoodort heMi ddl eyears(50- 65y ears) (c)Agingadult hood( 65+y ears) Strengthandener gychar acterizethi stimeofli fefrom themiddl etwent i eswhenmostbodi ly functi onsarefullydev eloped, unti laboutt heageof50.Ther eaft erthereisgr adualdecl i nei nener gy l ev el. Rel ati ont olear ning Accordi ngt opsy chologi st' sview-poi nt,t heor gani sm,fr om themomentofbi rthratherfr om thetime ofconception,issurroundedbysomeki ndofenv i ronment.Theorgani sm doesnotsi mplyli veinthe envi ronmentbuti salsoacteduponbyi t.Inturntheorgani sm al soact supont heenv i ronment.Al l suchaction-reacti onbehav i oursinvol veschangesandmodi fi cat ionsintheor ganism.Thiski ndof changeormodi fi cation i stermed 'l earning'.Thesechangescan bei ntenti onaldeliber ateand contr oll ed,ormayt akeplacewithouti ntenti on. Vi sitht tp: //www. hindi mer ij aan. com f ormor epdf ’s.