Language and Communication Lesson 1 PDF

LESSON 1 LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION COMM101 PRESENTED BY DANICA ALCALA, BSPSYCH-1D OBJECTIVES AT THE END OF THIS LESSON, YOU CAN: Show that you understand the fundamental concepts of language and communication; Relate your personal...

LESSON 1 LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION COMM101 PRESENTED BY DANICA ALCALA, BSPSYCH-1D OBJECTIVES AT THE END OF THIS LESSON, YOU CAN: Show that you understand the fundamental concepts of language and communication; Relate your personal experience to the information provided. OPENING ACTIVITY WHAT DOES THIS QUOTE MEAN IN RELATION TO COMMUNICATION? "To speak and to speak well are two different things." WHAT IS LANGUAGE? WHAT IS LANGUAGE? GRAMMAR WHAT IS LANGUAGE? GRAMMAR PHONOLOGY WHAT IS LANGUAGE? GRAMMAR PHONOLOGY LEXICON GRAMMAR a system of rules GRAMMAR a system of rules a set rules of a language governing the sounds, words, sentences, and other elements, as well as their combination and interpretation RIGHT THE WRONG SINGULAR VS. PLURAL SUBJECT The book on the shelves are interesting. The book on the shelves is interesting. RIGHT THE WRONG SINGULAR VS. PLURAL SUBJECT The book on the shelves are interesting. The book on the shelves is interesting. RIGHT THE WRONG COMPOUND SUBJECTS My brother and sister want to visit us. My brother and sister wants to visit us. RIGHT THE WRONG COMPOUND SUBJECTS My brother and sister want to visit us. My brother and sister wants to visit us. RIGHT THE WRONG COLLECTIVE NOUNS The committee were divided in their opinions. The committee was divided in its opinions. RIGHT THE WRONG COLLECTIVE NOUNS The committee were divided in their opinions. The committee was divided in its opinions. PHONOLOGY a system of sound PHONOLOGY a system of sound is the study of the categorical organisation of speech sounds in languages; how speech sounds are organised in the mind and used to convey meaning HOW DOES IT SOUND? GUESS THE TWIN - EASY Flower (a plant) vs. HOW DOES IT SOUND? GUESS THE TWIN - EASY Flower (a plant) vs. Flour (used for baking) HOW DOES IT SOUND? GUESS THE TWIN - HARD Peak (the highest point of something) vs. HOW DOES IT SOUND? GUESS THE TWIN - HARD Peak (the highest point of something) vs. Peek (to look quickly or secretly) vs. HOW DOES IT SOUND? GUESS THE TWIN - HARD Peak (the highest point of something) vs. Peek (to look quickly or secretly) vs. Pique (to stimulate interest or curiosity) LEXICON a system of vocabulary the vocabulary of a language, an individual speaker or group of speakers, or a subject is a collection of words used by people in a certain country and/or in a specific profession, hobby, or area of interest WHAT DO YOU MEAN? *IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S VOICE* DECODING GENERATIONAL LEXICONS MILLENNIALS (BORN 1981–1996) Bae (Before Anyone Else) Meaning: A term of endearment used for a romantic partner. Example: "I’m going to the movies with my bae tonight." WHAT DO YOU MEAN? *IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S VOICE* DECODING GENERATIONAL LEXICONS MILLENNIALS (BORN 1981–1996) FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) Meaning: The anxiety or feeling of missing out on an exciting event or experience. Example: "I couldn’t make it to the concert, and now I have major FOMO!" WHAT DO YOU MEAN? *IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S VOICE* DECODING GENERATIONAL LEXICONS MILLENNIALS (BORN 1981–1996) On Fleek Meaning: Used to describe something that is perfectly done or looks amazing. Example: "Her kilay is on fleek!" WHAT DO YOU MEAN? *IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S VOICE* DECODING GENERATIONAL LEXICONS GEN Z (BORN 1997–2012) Rizz Meaning: Short for charisma, especially in the context of flirting or attracting romantic interest. Example: "He’s got mad rizz, everyone loves him." WHAT DO YOU MEAN? *IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S VOICE* DECODING GENERATIONAL LEXICONS GEN Z (BORN 1997–2012) Bet Meaning: Used to express agreement, approval, or confirmation. Example: "Want to hang out later? Bet!" WHAT DO YOU MEAN? *IN JUSTIN BIEBER’S VOICE* DECODING GENERATIONAL LEXICONS GEN Z (BORN 1997–2012) No Cap Meaning: Means "no lie" or "for real". Used to emphasize truthfulness. Example: "That concert was amazing, no cap." 5 BASIC ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE PHONOLOGY MORPHOLOGY SYNTAX SEMANTICS PRAGMATICS MORPHOLOGY is the branch of linguistics that studies the structure of words it focuses on how words are formed and how their components, called morphemes, combine to create meaning derived from Greek term morph that means ‘shape, form’ and -ology which means 'the study of something' MORPHEMES the smallest units of meaning in a language can be individual words or parts of words, like prefixes, suffixes, or root words Free morphemes: Can stand alone as words (e.g., "book," "run"). Bound morphemes: Cannot stand alone and must attach to other morphemes (e.g., "un-" in "undo," "- ed" in "talked") SYNTAX is the study of sentence structure—specifically, how words are arranged to form sentences and convey meaning focuses on the rules and patterns that govern how words combine to create grammatically correct and meaningful sentences in a particular language SYNTAX Word Order The arrangement of words in a sentence to form meaning. For example, in English, the typical order is Subject + Verb + Object (SVO). Example: "The cat (Subject) chased (Verb) the mouse (Object)." SYNTAX Sentence Structure The way words are grouped to form phrases, clauses, and complete sentences. Example: "She is running fast." (Simple sentence) vs. "Although she is running slow, she still looks tired." (Complex sentence) SEMANTICS is the study of meaning in language focuses on how words, phrases, sentences, and texts are understood, and how their meanings can change depending on context SEMANTICS Word Meaning How individual words hold specific meanings Example: dog = animal Denotation vs. Connotation Denotation refers to the literal, dictionary definition of a word Connotation refers to the associated or emotional meanings that go beyond the literal definition. PRAGMATICS is the branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the interpretation of meaning in communication focuses on the social aspects of language, such as how people use and understand language in real-life situations, beyond the literal meanings of words PRAGMATICS Speech Acts This refers to the way language is used to perform actions, such as making requests, offering suggestions, apologizing, or making promises. PRAGMATICS Implicature The idea that speakers often imply meaning indirectly through context, without explicitly stating it. IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW Speech Community A speech community is a group of people who share rules for conducting and interpreting at least one variety of a language or dialect IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW Language Acquisition Language acquisition refers to the process of acquiring a language, usually due to immersion (i.e. hearing the language often and in everyday contexts) IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW Language Learning (LL) Language learning is the result of direct formal or informal instruction in the rules of language IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW Mother Tongue The language we acquire from our speech community during our growing-up years. It also called the FIRST LANGUAGE. IMPORTANT TERMS TO KNOW Second Language The languages we learned later on in life. We choose to learn them because we discover they are needed for various reasons. QUESTIONS?