Allusions in Poem PDF

**1066** = the battle of Hastings, when the French army defeated the English army and took control of England. **Dick Whittington** = a fictional p oor boy with nothing but a cat who rose to become Lord Mayor of London -- mentioned in fairy tales and pantomimes. **Touissant L...

**1066** = the battle of Hastings, when the French army defeated the English army and took control of England. **Dick Whittington** = a fictional p oor boy with nothing but a cat who rose to become Lord Mayor of London -- mentioned in fairy tales and pantomimes. **Touissant L'Ouverture =** the black leader of the Haitian revolution against French Colonial rule. He abolished slavery in Haiti and turned it into an independent republic. **Florence Nightingale** = is said to have invented modern nursing and clean hospitals. Trained nurses dur ing the Crimean War. **Nanny de Maroon** Nanny de Maroon led the maroons to victory in Jamaica against British rule. Maroon is a general term used to describe black slaves who escaped from slavery and lived in remote places within the areas they had been transported to. **Columbus** In 1492 explorer Christopher Columbus 'discovered' America. **Lord Nelson** = famous English admiral who inflicted a massive defeat on the French which meant the British Empire was strengthened. **The Battle of Waterloo** = the final defeat of the French army led by Napoleon which made Britain a world super power **Napoleon** = Emperor of France who conquered most of Europe in the early 19^th^ century. **Mary Seacole** Jamaican nurse who worked on the front line during the Crimean War, saving the lives of British soldiers. **O** **ld King Cole and Robin Hood** traditional English fairy tale characters.  **Shaka** = influential Zulu leader and warrior. **Caribs and Arawaks** = native Caribbean people whose islands were invaded by Europeans.