Cold Water PowerPoint 3 PDF

POWERPOINT 3 THE COMPONENTS USED IN DOMESTIC COLD WATER  LESSON INTENT Learners will be able to identify different components and able to describe where certain isolation valves are used Learners will be able to write a paragraph on different taps and how to tell them apart...

POWERPOINT 3 THE COMPONENTS USED IN DOMESTIC COLD WATER  LESSON INTENT Learners will be able to identify different components and able to describe where certain isolation valves are used Learners will be able to write a paragraph on different taps and how to tell them apart Learners will be able to list the different parts of a Cold Water Storage Cistern Learners will be able to tell the difference between the different Float Operated Valves (FOV) and where they are used IT IS A LEGAL REQUIREMENT FOR PLUMBERS IN THE UK TO USE APPROVED MATERIALS, FITTINGS AND APPLIANCES. WATER REGULATIONS BACK FLOW CONTAMINATION CORROSION THESE ARE ALL IMPORTANT REASONS WHY APPROVED PRODUCTS MUST BE USED.  ISOLATION VALVES SCREW DOWN STOP VALVE COMMONLY USED ON THE INCOMING MAINS. HIGH PRESSURE ONLY. FLOW DIRECTION. SERVICE VALVE (SLOTTED) CAN BE HIGH OR LOW PRESSURE AND IS REQUIRED TO BE FITTED BEFORE A FLOAT OPERATED VALVE ON CERTAIN APPLIANCES. FLOW DIRECTION. WASHING MACHINE VALVES REQUIRED TO BE FITTED PRIOR TO THE WASHING MASHING HOSE. ISOLATION VALVES LEVER ARM SPHERICAL PLUG VALVE CAN BE HIGH OR LOW PRESSURE. FLOW DIRECTION. FULLWAY GATE VALVE CAN ONLY BE USED ON LOW PRESSURE SYSTEMS. LIKE OTHER VALVES, THEY CAN HAVE A LOCK SHIELD FITTED TO AVOID TAMPERING. ACTIVITY 1 - LABEL THE VALVES TO THE CORRECT NAME! Washing machine valve Tap connector isolation valve Lever valve Fullway gate valve SURESTOP IS A MODERN FORM OF MAINS ISOLATION USING A AIR/WATER PRESSURE A SOLENOID TYPE SYSTEM COULD BE USED AS AN EMERGENCY ISOLATION VALVE IN THE EVENT OF LEAKAGE FROM A SYSTEM WITHIN A DWELLING. OFTEN THESE DEVICES ARE WIRED INTO CONTROL SYSTEM AND IN ANY EVENT THERE NEEDS TO BE A MANUAL VALVE LOCATED UP STREAM IN THE EVENT OF COMPONENT MECHANICAL FAILURE.  SURESTOP Brass stopcocks tend to be in the most inaccessible places. Surestop Remote Stopcock provides a simple and effective solution to this by delivering a method to turn off your water supply up to 2m's away from where the pipework is located. The valve is easy to install and works on water pressure DRAIN OFF VALVE IS REQUIRED TO BE INSTALLED AT EVERY LOW POINT IN A SYSTEM AND IMMEDIATELY ABOVE THE INCOMING STOP VALVE, TO ALLOW THE WATER TO BE DRAINED OUT. SCREW DOWN FOR FULLWAY FOR HIGH PRESSURE LOW PRESSURE  5 4 Isolation valves 6 7 Screw down stop valve? Spherical plug valve? Slotted service valve? 8 Gate valve? 3 2 1  TAPS PILLAR TAPS: USED ON BATHS, BASINS AND BIDETS BATHS = ¾” BSP TAILS WITH 22MM PIPE BASINS AND BIDETS = ½” BSP TAILS WITH 15MM PIPE  HIGH NECK PILLAR TAPS USED ON KITCHEN SINKS SIMILAR LOOK TO A STANDARD PILLAR TAP BUT LONGER NECK TO ALLOW A LARGER AIR GAP ½” TAIL WITH 15MM PIPE  BI-FLOW MIXER TAP ALSO CALLED A MONO-BLOCK TWO TAPS IN ONE BODY SINGLE SPOUT THAT IS DIVIDED DOWN THE MIDDLE SO WATER DOES NOT MIX UNTIL IT HAS LEFT THE TAP NOT A TRUE MIXER TAP USED ON BATHS, BASINS AND BIDETS  MIXER TAP TRUE MIXER TAP ALLOWS THE HOT AND COLD WATER TO MIX INSIDE THE BODY OF THE TAP BEFORE IT EXITS CARE IS NEEDED, AS THESE CAN ONLY BE FITTED ON EQUAL PRESSURE SYSTEMS USED ON SINKS AND BATHS  BI-FLOW MIXER TAP MIXER TAP BIB TAPS: REQUIRE A BACK PLATE ELBOW TO ATTACH THEM TO A WALL FITTED ABOVE A CLEANER’S SINK OR AS A HOSE UNION TAP (OUTSIDE TAP) ALL TAPS CAN COME IN THREE BASIC TYPES: RISING SPINDLE TAP NON-RISING SPINDLE TAP QUARTER TURN TAP (CERAMIC DISC) TAPS RISING SPINDLE TAP: TAP WASHER ATTACHED TO A JUMPER. THE WATERTIGHT SEAL IS MAINTAINED BY THE PACKING GLAND AROUND THE SPINDLE AND A FIBRE WASHER, OR O RING, AT THE BODY OF THE TAP. THE TAP IS DISMANTLED USING AN ADJUSTABLE SPANNER AND GRIPS. TAPS NON-RISING SPINDLE TAP: TAP WASHER ATTACHED TO A BARREL WHICH LIFTS AND LOWERS INTERNALLY WHEN THE HANDLE IS TURNED. THE WATERTIGHT SEAL ON THE SPINDLE AND BODY ARE MAINTAINED BY O RINGS. THE TAP IS DISMANTLED BY USING A CIRCLIP PLIERS, ADJUSTABLE SPANNER AND GRIPS. QUARTER TURN TAP (CERAMIC DISC): RELY ON TWO CERAMIC DISC PLATES TURNING AGAINST EACH OTHER. THE TAP HANDLE IS TURNED A QUARTER OF A TURN, LINING UP THE HOLES ON THE CERAMIC DISC. THE WATERTIGHT SEAL IS MAINTAINED BY A SERIES OF O RINGS. THE TAP IS DISMANTLED USING A CIRCLIP PLIERS, ADJUSTABLE SPANNER AND GRIPS (EACH CARTRIDGE IS SIDED). GOOD STYLE OF TAP FOR LESS ABLED PEOPLE. COLD WATER STORAGE CISTERN THE WATER REGULATIONS STATE THAT A CWSC SUPPLYING COLD WATER TO APPLIANCES, OR THE HOT WATER SYSTEM, SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF SUPPLYING WHOLESOME WATER. THIS MEANS CERTAIN PROTECTION MEASURES MUST BE INCLUDED SO THAT THE WATER DOES NOT BECOME CONTAMINATED.  BE FITTED WITH EFFECTIVE INLET CONTROL TO MAINTAIN THE CORRECT WATER LEVEL BE FITTED WITH A SERVICE VALVE ON INLET AND OUTLET TO ALLOW MAINTENANCE BE FITTED WITH A SCREENED WARNING/OVERFLOW PIPE BE COVERED WITH A RIGID, CLOSE-FITTING LID (NOT AIRTIGHT BUT EXCLUDES LIGHT AND INSECTS) BE INSULATED AGAINST FREEZING AND WARMING BE INSTALLED SO RISK OF CONTAMINATION IS MINIMISED BE INSTALLED TO PREVENT STAGNATION (WATER CAN CIRCULATE) BE SUPPORTED OVER THE WHOLE BASE TO AVOID DISTORTION BE ACCESSIBLE FOR MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING COLD FEED: SUPPLIES COLD WATER TO THE HOT WATER CYLINDER. MINIMUM SIZE IS 22MM, IS LOW PRESSURE AND CAN BE ISOLATED BY A FULLWAY GATE VALVE. IT IS INSTALLED 25MM HIGHER THAN THE COLD DISTRIBUTION FOR SAFETY. COLD DISTRIBUTION: SUPPLIES COLD WATER TO VARIOUS OUTLETS. MINIMUM SIZE IS 22MM, IS LOW PRESSURE AND CAN BE ISOLATED BY A FULLWAY GATE VALVE. IT IS INSTALLED 25MM LOWER THAN THE COLD FEED FOR SAFETY. COLD WATER STORAGE CISTERN ARE MADE FROM THE FOLLOWING MATERIALS: PLASTIC FIBRE GLASS ASBESTOS GALVANIZED STEEL  Cold Water Storage Cisterns should have a minimum of 350mm above the top access for maintenance purposes  Screened vent Grommet for Warning pipe open vent Screen on warning pipe  Side outlets 25mm to prevent debris entering pipework No oil-based compounds on plastic cisterns Bottom outlets 25mm to prevent debris entering pipework  Compression tank connector, available in various sizes. Rubber washer for watertight seal on inside, and neoprene washer for additional seal on outside. STORAGE CISTERN WALL Two neoprene plastic washers can be used to seal the outlet connector to the cistern.  Straight or cranked/bent service valve fitted prior to a float operated valve, as per the Water Regulations 1999. Fullway gate valve fitted to the cistern cold feed or distribution for pipework isolation. BYELAW 30 KIT: SUITABLE INSULATION FOR THE CISTERN SCREENED WARNING PIPE ASSEMBLY WITH DIP TUBE GROMMET FOR VENT PIPE ENTRY SCREENED AIR INLET OR BREATHER A TIGHT-FITTING LID IN SOME CASES A FLOAT OPERATED VALVE STIFFENER INSULATION FOR CISTERNS CAN VARY FROM FIBREGLASS INSIDE BLACK PLASTIC, TO POLYSTYRENE SLABS. SOME OLD GALVANISED CISTERNS HAVE STRAW BOARDING OR SAWDUST Warning pipes A warning pipe is a smaller diameter overflow pipe. As its name suggests, it acts as a warning to the customer that there is a problem with the cistern. Cisterns below 1,000 litres capacity only require a warning pipe. This will act as the warning to the customer as well as the overflow to the cistern. Cisterns over 1,000 litres capacity require separate warning and overflow pipes. Drilling cisterns A flexible cistern should be drilled with a hole saw. Heating copper pipe and melting a hole through the cistern should be avoided; this breaks down the polymers of the plastic and it may start to leak at a later stage. Jointing materials containing oil should also be avoided, as these can affect the plastic also. Rigid cisterns can be cut with a hole saw, or a hole cutter can be used. Swarf should always be removed. WHERE TWO OR MORE CISTERNS ARE LINKED TOGETHER, BS EN 806 AND THE WATER REGULATIONS STATE THAT THE FLOAT OPERATED VALVE AND WARNING PIPE SHOULD BE IN THE SAME CISTERN. AVOIDANCE OF STAGNATION IS IMPORTANT: IF TWO OR MORE CISTERNS ARE LINKED, THE DISTRIBUTION PIPE(S) SHOULD COME OFF THE SECOND CISTERN. A CONNECTING PIPE WILL NEED TO BE INSTALLED. STAGNATION CAN ALSO BE A PROBLEM IN A SINGLE CISTERN, SO IT IS ALWAYS GOOD PRACTICE TO INSTALL THE PRIMARY OUTLET OPPOSITE TO THE FLOAT OPERATED VALVE. AN INCORRECT INSTALLATION OF A CISTERN. THE CONSEQUENCE OF AN INCORRECT INSTALLATION OF A CISTERN. A CORRECT INSTALLATION OF A CISTERN.  FLOAT OPERATED VALVES A VALVE TO SHUT OFF THE SUPPLY OF WATER IN A CISTERN AT A PREDETERMINED LEVEL. IT WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF A LEVER: THE VALVE IS OPEN WHEN THE FLOAT IN IN THE LOWER POSITION. AS THE CISTERN FILLS, SO THE FLOAT BECOMES BUOYANT AND RISES WITH THE WATER LEVEL, SLOWLY CLOSING OFF THE VALVE. Float operated valves BS1212 Part 1 Bottom outlet Portsmouth Brass Part 2 Top outlet Diaphragm Brass Part 3 Top outlet Diaphragm Plastic Part 4 Top outlet Equilibrium diaphragm Brass or plastic FLOAT OPERATED VALVES (BS 1212 PART 1) WATER DISCHARGES FROM THE BOTTOM OF THIS TYPE OF FLOAT OPERATED VALVE. THE ARM HAS TO BE BENT TO ADJUST THE WATER LEVEL AND CARE TAKEN NOT TO BREAK THE ARM WHEN BENDING. THIS TYPE OF VALVE IS NO LONGER FITTED, AS THE TYPE AG AIR GAP CANNOT BE MAINTAINED. ALSO KNOWN AS A PORTSMOUTH VALVE, IT OPERATES VIA A PISTON ACTION. THE VALVE SEATING CAN BE REPLACED BY REPLACING THE PLASTIC INSERT. NO SOLID SILENCERS ARE ALLOWED. FLOAT OPERATED VALVES (BS 1212 PARTS 2 & 3) WATER DISCHARGES FORM THE TOP OF THIS TYPE OF FLOAT OPERATED VALVE. PART 2 IS BRASS AND PART 3 IS PLASTIC. THE WATER LEVEL IS ADJUSTED BY MOVING THE FLOAT UP OR DOWN THE BENT ARM. NON-RIGID SILENCERS ARE ALLOWED. FLOAT OPERATED VALVES (BS 1212 PART 4) WATER DISCHARGES FROM THE TOP OF THIS TYPE OF VALVE. ALSO A DIAPHRAGM OPERATED VALVE BY ALLOWING WATER PRESSURE TO EQUALISE ON BOTH SIDES OF THE DIAPHRAGM, GIVING LESS RESISTANCE ON THE LEVER ARM AND AIDING THE VALVE TO SHUT OFF SLOWLY, PREVENTING WATER HAMMER OR MURMUR. PRESSURE AND FLOW RESTRICTORS CAN BE USED. WATER HAMMER OCCURS IN A HIGH PRESSURE WATER PIPE. IT IS OFTEN CAUSED BY: LOOSE JUMPER IN A STOPCOCK (IF HEARD WHEN TAP TURNED ON) PIPES THAT ARE NOT FIXED CORRECTLY (CLIPPING DISTANCE) PARTIAL BLOCKED FLOAT OPERATED VALVE (CHECK SEATING OR FIT A STIFFENING PLATE) BALL MURMUR IS A TYPE OF WATER HAMMER, CAUSED BY THE FLOAT OPERATED VALVE OPENING AND CLOSING QUICKLY. RIPPLES AT THE CISTERN WATER LEVEL CAUSE THE FLOAT TO BOUNCE. OVERCOME BY: INSTALLING AN EQUILIBRIUM VALVE BS1212PT4 STRENGTHENING THE SIDE OF THE CISTERN REDUCE THE INCOMING FLOW AT THE SERVICE VALVE THE CORRECT CHOICE AND POSITIONING OF VALVES IS IMPORTANT FOR THE EFFICIENT WORKING OF THE SYSTEM. ONGOING MAINTENANCE OF THESE VALVES ENSURES THAT WATER LEVELS ARE CORRECT AND THAT THE FLOW OF WATER CAN BE REGULATED WHEN NECESSARY.  TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE WITH THESE QUESTIONS 1. HOW DOES A SURE STOP VALVE WORK? 2. WHERE WOULD YOU FIND A DRAIN OFF VALVE 3. IS A GATE VALVE HIGH OR LOW PRESSURE? 4. IS A STOP VALVE HIGH OR LOW PRESSURE? 5. WHERE WOULD YOU FIND HIGH NECK PILLAR TAPS 6. WHAT IS A NON RISING SPINDLE? 7. WHAT TAP WOULD YOU FIND A CERAMIC DISC CARTRIDGE? 8. WHAT IS A TRUE MIXER TAP? 9. HOW DOES A MIXER TAP WORK? 10. WHAT DOES CWCS MEAN?  TRAFFIC LIGHT IT: WHERE IS YOUR LEARNING AT? RED = I HAVE NOT REALLY UNDERSTOOD THE CONTENT WE HAVE STUDIED TODAY (WRITE DOWN 2 QUESTIONS THAT YOU NEED HELP WITH) AMBER = I HAVE UNDERSTOOD THE CONTENT ON EFFECTIVE QUESTIONING (WRITE DOWN 1 ONE QUESTION YOU NEED TO CLARIFY) GREEN = I HAVE UNDERSTOOD ALL THE CONTENT (WRITE DOWN ONE EXAMPLE FROM WHAT WE HAVE STUDIED)