CNUR 107 Alterations in Health Assessment Student Prep PDF

# CNUR 107: Alterations in Health Assessment ## Week 2 - 60 Second Assessment Check, General Survey and Vital Signs, Pain Student Preparation Document ### Table of Contents - **Objectives** - **Required Readings/Review** - **Bring to Lab** - **Terminology** - **Unit Prep Questions** ## Objectiv...

# CNUR 107: Alterations in Health Assessment ## Week 2 - 60 Second Assessment Check, General Survey and Vital Signs, Pain Student Preparation Document ### Table of Contents - **Objectives** - **Required Readings/Review** - **Bring to Lab** - **Terminology** - **Unit Prep Questions** ## Objectives The learner will be able to: - Explain the general survey - Explain the 60 second assessment - Interpret vital sign parameters for adults and aging adults (temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure and oxygen saturation) - Perform a general survey - Demonstrate a 60 second assessment - Demonstrate proper technique to obtain vital signs - Complete a patient record of assessment (documentation) - Employ person appropriate (age, gender, culture) pain assessment tools - Differentiate subjective and objective data collection in relation to assessment of pain - Complete a patient record of assessment (documentation) ## Required Readings/Review | Content | Chapter | Page | |---|---|---| | General survey, Measurements and Vital Signs | 10 | 158-182 | | Lifespan Considerations: Older Adults | 10 | 179 | | Pain Assessment | 11 | 188-198 | *Jarvis, C. (Ed.) (2024). Physical examination and health assessment. (4th Canadian ed.). St. Louis, MI: W.B. Saunders.* ## Bring to Lab - Nursing Progress Notes - Jarvis textbook - Vital Signs Sheet - 60-second check and General survey document ## Terminology - Bradycardia - Bradypnea - Diastolic pressure - Korotkoff's sounds - Mean arterial pressure - Pulse pressure - Sinus arrythmia - Sphygmomanometer - Stroke volume - Symmetry - Systolic pressure - Tachycardia - Tachypnea ## Unit Prep Questions 1. List the significant information considered in each of the four areas of a general survey: physical appearance, body structure, mobility, and behaviour. 2. Describe the normal posture and body build. 3. During the general survey part of the examination, gait is assessed. When walking, note the aspects of normal gait. 4. Describe normal changes in height and in weight distribution for an adult in their 80s and 90s. 5. Describe the tympanic membrane thermometer, and compare its use to other forms of temperature measurement. 6. Describe four qualities to consider when assessing the pulse. 7. Relate the qualities of normal respirations to the appropriate approach to counting them. 8. Define and describe the relationships among the terms blood pressure, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure. 9. List factors that affect blood pressure. 10. Relate the use of an improperly sized blood pressure cuff to the possible findings that may be obtained. 11. Explain the significance of phase I, phase IV, and phase V Korotkoff's sounds during blood pressure measurement. 12. What instrument is used when there is difficulty in palpating the pulse? 13. List the developmental considerations in an older adult for blood pressure, temperature, pulse, and respirations. 14. Identify the differences between nociceptive and neuropathic pain. 15. Identify the most reliable indicator of a person's pain. 16. Recall the OPQRSTUV questions for an initial pain assessment. 17. Describe physical examination findings that may indicate pain. 18. _(Image description)_ A diagram of a human body shows the pathway of pain from the point of injury through the peripheral nervous system to the brain and the process of pain transmission, including the release of chemicals that propagate pain messages, action potential along afferent fibres to the spinal cord, neurons from the brain stem that release neurotransmitters that block the pain impulse. - (1) _Noxious stimulus_ - (2) _The pain impulse moves from the spinal cord to the brain_ - (3) _Neurons from brain stem release neurotransmitters that block the pain impluse_ - (4) _Injured tissue releases chemicals that propagate pain messages. Action potential moves along an afferent fibre to the spinal cord._ - (5) _Neuron from brain stem_