Clinical Neuroanatomy Revision Slides 2024 PDF

Clinical Neuroanatomy Revision slides 2024  Aims Revision of HHN block in year 2 Provide clinically relevant brain anatomy Summarise Neuroanatomy of Special functions – Vision – Speech To highlight clinically important features of spinal neur...

Clinical Neuroanatomy Revision slides 2024  Aims Revision of HHN block in year 2 Provide clinically relevant brain anatomy Summarise Neuroanatomy of Special functions – Vision – Speech To highlight clinically important features of spinal neuroanatomy – Patterns of sensory loss Brief overview of plexus anatomy  Clinical Neuroanatomy Brain Periphery – Cerebrum – Plexus – Cerebellum – Nerves (arms and – Basal Ganglia legs) – Brainstem – NMJ – Muscle Spine and tracts Planes of orientation Special Functions a) Vision b) Speech Visual system Lesion of the optic pathway Speech Brainstem anatomy to be discussed within cranial nerves talk Spinal cord Organisation of the spinal cord Sensory Tracts 1 – Light touch, Vibration, proprioception Sensory tracts 2 - Pain and temperature Motor Tracts Corticospinal tracts Patterns of sensory loss Function of the somatic nervous system Nerve Root Dermatome Muscles to test (Myotome) Muscle test C1 Vertex of skull None None C2 Temple,forehead ,occiput Longus colli, SCM, rectus capitis Shoulder shrug C3 Entire neck, posterior cheek, temporal area, prolongation Trapezius, splenius capitis Shoulder shrug forward under mandible C4 Shoulder area, clavicular area, upper scapular area Trapezius, levator scapulae Shoulder shrug C5 Deltoid area, anterior aspect of entire arm to base of Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, deltoid, Elbow flexion thumb biceps C6 Anterior arm, radial side of hand to thumb and index Biceps, supinator, wrist extensors Elbow flexion; radial wrist finger extension C7 Lateral arm and forearm to index, long, and ring fingers Triceps, wrist flexors Wrist flexion C8 Medial arm and forearm to long, ring, and little finger Ulnar deviation, thumb extensors, Thumb extension thumb adductors T1 Medial side of forearm to base of little finger N/A Abduct fifth digit T2 Medial side of upper arm to medial elbow, pectoral and N/A N/A midscapular areas T3-T6 Upper thorax N/A N/A T5-T7 Costal margin N/A N/A T8-T12 Abdomen and lumbar region N/A N/A Function of the somatic nervous system Nerve Root Dermatome Muscles to test (Myotome) Muscle test L1 Back, over trochanter and groin Psoas Hip flexion L2 Back, front of thigh to knee Psoas Hip flexion Back, upper buttock, anterior thigh and Hip flexion; knee L3 Psoas, quadriceps, hip adductors knee, medial lower leg extension Knee extension; Medial buttock, lateral thigh, medial leg, L4 Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis ankle dorsum of foot, big toe dorsiflexion Buttock, posterior and lateral thigh, lateral Ankle dorsiflexion; Extensor hallucis, peroneals, gluteus aspect of leg, dorsum of foot, medial extend great L5 half of sole, first, second, and third medius, dorsiflexors, hamstring toe; knee and calf atrophy toes flexion Calf and hamstring, gluteals, Knee flexion; ankle S1 Buttock, thigh and leg posterior plantar flexion peroneals, plantar flexors S2 (S1 for Buttocks, thigh and leg posterior (one of Calf and hamstring, gluteals, Ankle plantar flexion dermatome two popssible answers) plantarflexors, not peroneals ) S3 Groin, medial thigh to knee None None S4 Perinuem, genitals, lower sacrum Bladder, rectum None The End