Clay Mineralogy Lecture Note PDF

NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING COURSE: CVE 441 – SOIL MECHANICS II CREDIT UNIT: 2 LECTURER: ENGR. O. U. UBANI LECTURE NOTE ON CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES GENERAL OVERVIEW Clay minerals such...

NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING COURSE: CVE 441 – SOIL MECHANICS II CREDIT UNIT: 2 LECTURER: ENGR. O. U. UBANI LECTURE NOTE ON CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES GENERAL OVERVIEW Clay minerals such as kaolinite, smectite, chlorite, micas are main components of raw materials of clay and formed in presence of water. A large number of clays used to form the different structure which completely depends on their mining source. They are known as hydrous phyllosilicate having silica, alumina and water with variable amount of inorganic ions like Mg2+, Na+, Ca2+ which are found either in interlayer space or on the planetary surface. Clay minerals are described by presence of two-dimensional sheets, tetrahedral (SiO4) and octahedral (Al2O3). There are different clay minerals which are categorized based on presence of tetrahedral and octahedral layer in their structure like kaolinite (1:1 of tetrahedral and octahedral layers), smectite group of clay minerals (2:1 of tetrahedral and octahedral layers) and chlorite (2:1:1 of tetrahedral, octahedral and octahedral layers). The particle size of clay minerals is