Classifications of Partially Edentulous Arches PDF

Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD Objec&ves of Classifica&on 2. Tissue borne ü facilitates communica.on between - receives or derives support den.sts...

Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD Objec&ves of Classifica&on 2. Tissue borne ü facilitates communica.on between - receives or derives support den.sts en.rely from.ssues or ü Allow visualiza.on of the type of underlying mucosa and bone par.ally edentulous arch being (RPD without clasps). considered ü Permit differen.a.on between tooth- supported and tooth.ssue–supported par.al dentures ü Serve as a guide to the type of design to be used 3. Tooth - Tissue borne ü Be universally accepted - supported by both abutment teeth, mucosa and underlying bone. This is referred to as the Classifica(on "TRUE RPD" and has at least a free end extension base. ACCORDING TO LOCATION: 1. Unilateral replaces missing tooth or teeth in one side of the arch only (except for extensive class II Kennedy's Classifica=on). CLASSIFICATION OF 2. Bilateral replaces missing tooth or REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE: teeth on both side of the dental ACCORDING TO SUPPORTING STRUCTURES arch TOOTH & TISSUE BORNE TOOTH BORNE ACCORDING TO MATERIALS USED 1. One piece cas&ng consists of parts of par.al denture (except for denture base and pon.cs) that are casted in one piece. ACCORDING TO SUPPORTING STRUCTURE 1. Tooth borne - receives support from the abutment teeth which are located anteriorly and posteriorly from the edentulous space 1 Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD 2. One piece cas&ng (Skeleton Type) 6. Thermoplas&c Nylon Denture Base same as one piece cas.ng except for the Materials skeleton like framework which was to be filled mostly by resin materials. 7. Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) TYPES OF RPD CLASSIFICATION 3.Individually casted clasp assembly Classifica-on based on restored condi-on only the clasps assembly are casted and the rest Cummer’s Classifica.on are filled by resin materials. Bechet’s Classifica.on Classifica-on based on unrestored condi-on Aus.n-Ledge classifica.on Kennedy’s classifica.on Applegate’s classifica.on Types of RPD Classification 4. Wire clasp assembly v Cummer’s Classification v Craddock’s Classification uses orthodon.c wires for its clasps and the v Kennedy’s Classification v Wild’s Modification rest are to be filled up by resin materials. v Applegate’s Modification v Watt et al Classification v Bailyn’s Classification v Costa’s Classification v Neurohr’s Classification v Osborne & Lammie’s v Mauk’s Classification v Becket & Wilson’s v Friedman’s Classification v Swenson’s Classification v Godfrey’s Classification v Skinner’s Classification v ACP Classification v Austin & Lidge’s v ICK Classification Classification 5. Reten&on plate par&al denture KENNEDY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM without any clasps assembly, uses the full - most widely used method for classifica=on coverage of the as the means of support and - proposed by Dr. Edward Kennedy of New reten.on of the denture. York - composed of four major categories, denoted Class I through Class IV. 2 Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD Kennedy Class I arch: Characterized by APPLEGATE’s Modifica&on bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the remaining natural teeth - Dr. O.C. Applegate (1960) modified and expanded the Kennedy Classifica.on based on the condi.on of the abutment to include 2 addi.onal group - It is based less on the number and loca.on of the remaining teeth and edentulous spaces - It takes into considera.on the Kennedy Class II arch: Displays a unilateral capabili.es of the teeth, which bound edentulous area located posterior to the the spaces to serve as abutments for the remaining natural teeth prosthesis RULES GOVERNING APPLICATION OF THE KENNEDY METHOD/APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION ü Rule # 1: - Classifica.on should follow rather than precede extrac.ons that might alter the original classifica.on Kennedy Class III arch: Presents a unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to it ü Rule # 2 - If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not considered in the classifica.on Kennedy Class IV arch: Displays a single, bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natural teeth. It is important to note that the edentulous space must cross the dental midline 3 Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD ü Rule # 3 ü Rule # 6 - If a third molar is present and is to be - Edentulous areas other than those used as an abutment, it is considered determining the classifica=on are in the classifica=on referred to as modifica=on spaces and are designated by their number ü Rule # 7 ü Rule # 4 The extent of the modifica=on is not - If a second molar is missing and is not considered, only the number of to be replaced (that is, the opposing addi=onal edentulous areas second molar is also missing and is not to be replaced), it is not considered in the classifica=on ü Rule # 5 - The most posterior edentulous ü Rule # 8 area(s) always determines the - There can be no modifica=on areas in classifica=on Class IV arches. Any edentulous area lying posterior to the single bilateral area determines the classifica=on 4 Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD PALATAL BAR Palatal Plate Connector/ Complete Palate PALATAL STRAP Anterior Posterior Palatal Connector/ Strap Types of Mandibular Major Connector LINGUAL BAR LINGUAL PLATE COMPONENTS OF RPD 1. Major Connector: The unit of a removable par2al denture that connects the parts of Minor Connector: one side of the dental arch to those - A unit of a par=al denture that of the other side. It's principal connects other components (i.e. func2ons are to provide unifica2on direct retainer, indirect retainer, and rigidity to the denture. denture base, etc.) to the major connector. Types of Maxillary Major Connector - The principle func=ons of minor connectors are to provide unifica=on and rigidity to the denture. 5 Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD Direct Retainer: Proximal Plate - A unit of a par=al denture that Located on a guide plane on the distal provides reten=on against dislodging surface of the tooth forces. The superior edge of the proximal plate - A direct retainer is commonly called is located at the bo[om of the guide a 'clasp' or 'clasp unit' and is plane (at approximately the junc=on of composed of four elements, a rest, a the occlusal and middle third of the guide reten=ve arm, a reciprocal arm and a plane). minor connector. The proximal plate extends lingually so that the distance between the minor connector and the proximal plate is less than the mesio-distal width of the tooth Joins the framework at a right angle thin mesiodistally and taper slightly toward the occlusal (incisal), approx. 1-1.5 mm Indirect Retainer: A unit of a Class I or II par=al denture that extend cervically and contact the prevents or resists movement or rota=on of mucosa of the ridge crest for 2-3 mm the base(s) away from the residual ridge. The indirect retainer is usually composed of one Should not be placed in an undercut component, a rest. 6  “The mechanism by which lateral forces generated by a retentive clasp passing over a Classifica(on of par(ally edentulous arches Components of RPD height of contour are counterbalanced by a reciprocal clasp passing along a reciprocal guiding plane.” Func&ons of Proximal Plate Prosthe&c Teeth Permits improved stabiliza.on of the Are ar=ficial teeth used on a denture to prosthesis subs=tute for natural teeth. By subs=tu=ng for missing natural teeth, Reunites and stabilizes remaining teeth prosthe=c teeth provide esthe=cs and within the dental arch mas=catory func=ons Improves reten.ve characteris.cs by limi.ng/defining the path of inser.on and removal Protects the tooth-.ssue junc.on by reducing food impac.on between the tooth and the proximal plate Provides reciproca.on during inser.on and removal of the prosthesis Rest (occlusal, cingulum, incisal) Distributes occlusal forces throughout the arch COMPONENTS OF RPD: Denture Base: The unit of the denture that rests on the founda.on.ssues and to which prosthe.cs teeth are a[ached. The denture base a[aches the prosthe.c teeth to the denture base reten.on Denture base retaining element minor connector which a[aches the ( la\ce, mesh and pinhead) base to the major connector. Proximal plate 7