chem2_MOD1 (2).pptx

MODULE 1: The Kinetic-Molecular Model of liquids and solids General Chemistry 2 MATTER  Everything that surround us.  Ithas mass and occupies space (volume).  STATES /PHASES OF MATTER Explore I – Fill in the blanks: Try to fill out the missing words in the sentences bel...

MODULE 1: The Kinetic-Molecular Model of liquids and solids General Chemistry 2 MATTER  Everything that surround us.  Ithas mass and occupies space (volume).  STATES /PHASES OF MATTER Explore I – Fill in the blanks: Try to fill out the missing words in the sentences below about the postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory. You can choose your answer from the box below. 1. Matter is made of ____________ that are constantly in motion. This energy in __________ is called ________________. 2. The amount of ________ energy in a substance is related to its ___________. 3. There is space between __________. The amount of space in between particles is related to the substance’s _____ of matter. 4. Phase changes happen when the __________ of the substance changes sufficiently. KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY  explainsthe states of solids and liquids in terms of intermolecular forces of attraction and the kinetic energy of the individual particles. 1. Matter is made of PARTICLES that are constantly in motion. This energy in MOTION is called KINETIC ENERGY. 2. The amount of KINETIC energy in a substance is related to its TEMPERATURE. 3. There is space between PARTICLES. The amount of space in between particles is related to the substance’s STATE of matter. 4. Phase changes happen when the TEMPERATURE of the substance changes KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY  1. Matter is made of particles that are constantly in motion. This energy in motion is called kinetic energy.  2.The amount of kinetic energy in a substance is directly proportional to its temperature.  3. There is a space between particles. The amount of space in between particles is related to the substance’s state of matter. KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY  4.Phase changes happen when the temperature of the substance changes sufficiently.  5. There are attractive forces between intermolecular forces. The strength of these forces increase as particles get closer together. KMT and Properties of Liquid  Most significant properties of liquids are that they are fluid and they can flow  The liquid particles having relatively more energy than solid particles, this is what allows the liquids to flow  Liquids has low compressibility compared to gases and there is little space between the particles of liquid, these two factors make liquids to appear as disorganized. KMT and Properties of Liquid  Strength of intermolecular force is related to the type of intermolecular force, but it is also affected by the amount of kinetic energy in the substance.  The higher kinetic energy, the weaker the intermolecular forces of substance.  Liquids have more kinetic energy than solids, so the intermolecular between liquid particles tend to be weaker. KMT and Properties of Solid  Solid substances have definite shapes and volumes  Particles do move, but not very far  Solid particles have relatively little kinetic energy and vibrate in place, because of this they cannot flow like liquids.  Most solids are arranged in tightly packed crystalline structure. KMT and Properties of Solid  The crystalline structure is comprised of an orderly, repeating arrangement of particles called a crystal lattice.  in contrast to crystalline solids, amorphous solids do not have orderly internal structures. Examples of an amorphous solids include rubber, plastic and glass.  Wax is an amorphous solid also, it can be molded into any shape and remolded anytime it is heated a bit. Find any material that you can see in this classroom to complete the table below.