Chem 3.6 Comparison of Metals & Non-metals PDF

## 3.6 Comparison of metals with non-metals ### Metals - Most metals, at ordinary temperatures, are in a solid state. - They shine on the cut surface or when scratched. - They do not break when falling from heights. - Conduct electricity well and the heat. - They are malleable, easily processed. -...

## 3.6 Comparison of metals with non-metals ### Metals - Most metals, at ordinary temperatures, are in a solid state. - They shine on the cut surface or when scratched. - They do not break when falling from heights. - Conduct electricity well and the heat. - They are malleable, easily processed. - Make sounds when hit. - Metallic properties are accentuated as we move from top to bottom within the group and weakened as we move from left to right across the period. - Comparing the first 20 elements in the periodic table, potassium is the most active metal. ### Non-metals - Most nonmetals, at ordinary temperature, are in a gaseous state. - They are soft. - They are crumbly. - They do not conduct heat well. - They do not conduct electric current. - The non-metallic properties weaken as we move from top to bottom within a group and are accentuated as we move from left to right within a period. - Comparing with each other The first 20 elements in the periodic system, it turns out that fluorine is the least active non-metal. Also, it is the most active non-metal of the entire periodic system. ### Questions and Assignments 1. Find five metallic and five non-metallic objects in the picture. 2. Determine whether the material is a metal or a non-metal that has the following properties: soft, combustible, does not conduct electricity. 3. Mercury is a metal. What makes it different from other metals? 4. State the names of two objects, which are only made of metal. ### Activity 3.6: Research about the properties of materials Collect some objects and test whether they are metal or non-metal. To research the metallic or non-metallic composition of each object, you can use these questions: - Does the object have a clear view? Does it have glitter? - Is it soft? - Does it make a sound when you hit it? - Is it crumbly as a material? - Can you bend it? - Is it hot or cold? - Does it conduct electricity? To test whether objects conduct electricity or not, construct an electrical circuit as shown in the figure below. Before starting the test, make sure the bulb lights up by connecting the two clamps together. If it turns on, start the test with the objects you selected. Connect both sides of the object with clamps, to test the electrical conductivity. **If the bulb lights up, it means that the material the object is made of conducts the electric current.** Here you connect the object to test its conductivity. In this way you operate with all the objects you have selected. ### Questions and Assignments A1 Build a table to record your results. Describe whether the object is metallic or non-metallic. A2 How can one determine whether a solid object is a metal or a non-metal? Justify your answer. A3 What do you think is the most reliable evidence to distinguish a metallic object from another non-metallic one? ### Briefing - The properties of metals are different from those of non-metals. - If you want to investigate the metallic or non-metallic properties of an object you need to know more than one of its properties. The image depicts various objects made of metals and non-metals. The objects are grouped under the headings "Objects made of metals and non-metals". There's also a diagram showing an electrical circuit with components like a battery, bulb, and clamps. This diagram is meant to demonstrate how to test for electrical conductivity in various objects.