Social and Political Stratification PDF

CHAPTER 8 LIEZL S. MARTINEZ, LPT  OBJECTIVES: 1. describe the concept of stratification 2. identify characteristics of the systems of stratification; and 3. examine stratification in society from different perspectives Important Terms: Social Status - is one’s posit...

CHAPTER 8 LIEZL S. MARTINEZ, LPT  OBJECTIVES: 1. describe the concept of stratification 2. identify characteristics of the systems of stratification; and 3. examine stratification in society from different perspectives Important Terms: Social Status - is one’s position in society. Social Class - is based on economic background. Social Roles - are sets of social behaviors assigned to people based upon social status. How is a person’s social status determined? Which one would you say deserves their wealth? Underclass Minorities The French Estates: This fifteenth-century woodcutting illustrates the closed stratification system of the three estates of the French Ancient Régime. People were divided into clergy, nobility, and commoners. These categories were discrete, and there was little interaction or mobility between them. Closed System Beggar Open System Open System Singapore describes meritocracy as one of its official guiding principles for domestic public policy formulation, placing emphasis on academic credentials as objective measures of merit Davis-Moore Hypothesis Social Desirables These are the bases of social stratification and why certain people hold a high status in our society. Power Prestige Wealth Social Desirables Power Prestige Wealth Social Desirables Wealth material assets money and all the things it can buy can be intangible, like stocks and investments easiest to measure Social Desirables Prestige respect and admiration given by society different social statuses have different level of prestige Social Desirables White-collar job Blue-collar job Social Desirables Power ability to command others despite resistance has three bases for legitimacy (coercive, reward, and legimate powers) ASSIGNMENT: If I Have Wealth, Prestige, and Power Bourgeoisie Proletariat  “Whatever happens to us, happens for a reason. Everyone of us, surely in my case, gets through the tough times because somebody is there, standing in the gap to close it for us” “I was as poor as it is possible to be in modern Britain without being homeless. But rock bottom became a solid foundation on which I rebuilt my life. Oprah Winfrey J. K. Rowling Media proprietor One to One of the most famous rags of riches the world’s most stories, fromfamous female entrepreneurs, Oprah’s is a true rags-to-riches living on welfare to becoming a billionaire story on a huge scale. a) Intragenerational Mobility b) Intergenerational Mobility  When can we say that inequality exists? When can we say that inequality exists? 1. First indicator is the unequal distribution of social desirables. 2. Another indicator is unequal opportunities.  POVERTY a)Absolute Poverty - refers to the lack of basic resources like food, clean water, safe housing, and access to health care needed to maintain a quality lifestyle. b)Relative Poverty - applies to those who may be able to obtain basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living compared to the rest of society. c) Subjective Poverty - a type of poverty that is defined by how an individual evaluates his or her actual income against his or her expectations and perceptions. OTHER ISSUES/CONCERNS qGender Inequality qEthnicity and Race Issues qOther Minorities qGlobal Inequality Gender Inequality- refers to the power imbalances between men and women, the lesser value attributed to women (particularly marginalised women), and unequal access to resources and opportunities. Sex- refers to biological and anatomical differences that distinguish males from females. The unchanging aspect of a person’s indenity. Gender- the culturally-imposed characteristics that define masculinity and femininity. Gender role- refers to specific tasks and behaviors expected of a person by virtue of his or her sex. Gender identity - refers to how a person identifues himself or herself as belonging to a particular gender. Examples: 1. Men’s dominance over women 2. LGBTQ+ community are being discriminated and given less opportunities compared to men and women. Ethnic Minorities- are groups of people who differ in race or color or in national, religious, or cultural origin from the dominant group. They face extreme discrimination and inequality. Usually they are not given access to socio-economic resources, housing, health care, proper education, and work opportunities. Race- refers to the group of people who share a common ancestry. Racism- refers to a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices used to justify the superior treatment of one racial or ethnic group and the inferior treatment of another racial or ethic group. -in the Philippines, examples of the ethnic minorities are non-Christians and indigenous groups. Examples: 1. Igorot was termed as dirty, ugly, and was not allowed to ride on a bus just because he is an igorot. 2. Lumads experience greater difficulty in accessing resources, and availing of education, employment, and health services. Other Minorities- include persons with disabilities (PWDs), the elderly, certain religious groups, and communities living in isolated areas. Examples: 1. Iack of access to resources and opportunities. 2. they experience discrimination and even violence 3. PWDs fiind it very difficult to gain employment in certain industries and are often treated differently from their more able counterparts. 4. isolated communities are often denied basic services such as infrastructure, electricity, and adequate and clean water supply. 5. elderly experience difficulties with regard to employment and often find it difficult to meet their needs without assistance. 6. certain religious groups have to deal with being subjected to stigma or isolation because other members of society perceive their beliefs and behaviour as “peculiar” or “dangerous”.  PT2: Video Advocacy Making Guidelines: 1. Create a video of Social Inequality advocacy (minimum of 3 minutes and a maximum of 10 minutes) using an application (KineMaster, VivaVideo, Filmora, Inshot, CapCut, Adobe, etc.) that you like. (decide as a group) 2. Look for a good and relevant topic for your advocacy that may be helpful and relevant to our topic in Social Inequality. * Produce an advocacy video on an approved topic of the group’s choice. 3. Come up with a creative and unique “title” for your advocacy. 4. Upload your video on YouTube as an “unlisted” video and use the URL generated after uploading as your final project URL for submission. 5. A deduction of 1 point per member will be deducted for late submission per day. 6. All members should participate or should have a part in the video. A deduction of 3 pts per member will be deducted if he/she cannot be seen in the video. 7. Deadline for submission will be on November 25, 2024.