Chapter 6 Human Resources PDF

RECRUITMENT THE LABOUR MARKET is where employers meet employees. OCCUPATIONAL FORECASTS involve predictions about jobs that inform individuals about future job conditions and wages. Different Types of Labour UNSKILLED LABOUR: individuals with little training. SEMISKILLED LABOUR: needs minimal instr...

RECRUITMENT THE LABOUR MARKET is where employers meet employees. OCCUPATIONAL FORECASTS involve predictions about jobs that inform individuals about future job conditions and wages. Different Types of Labour UNSKILLED LABOUR: individuals with little training. SEMISKILLED LABOUR: needs minimal instructions. SKILLED LABOUR: has training from an education institution or previous employment. PROFESSIONAL LABOUR: highly trained for a specific occupation. Looking for the Right Employee HR uses a lot of recruitment sources to find qualified employees like: -​ Social media -​ Newspaper, journal, and magazine advertisements -​ Notices at universities or colleges -​ Online recruiting websites -​ A company’s website -​ Headhunter -​ Employee referral program -​ Recent job applicants Diversified Workforce DIVERSITY in a workplace means that a workforce that is made up of people from different ages, cultural backgrounds, physical (dis)abilities, religions, genders, etc. A true workforce diversity should include all elements that make each employee unique like their perspective, preferences, characteristics, and even biases. INCLUSION means that everyone is treated fairly and respectfully and have equal access to opportunities and resources regardless of their differences. Organizational success can be caused by diversity and inclusion through these ways: -​ Better financial returns. -​ Drives innovation. -​ Attracting and retaining talent. -​ Better performance and greater productivity. TRAINING Job Training INDUCTION TRAINING (ORIENTATION) is when new employees tour the workplace and meet other coworkers. They may also receive training on equipment and be introduced to new technology and software. Orientation is necessary for new hires to be informed about organizational policies, procedures, and structures. ON-THE-JOB TRAINING is provided to employees at their place of work. OFF-THE-JOB TRAINING involves courses or instruction employees take away from their place of work. STAFF APPRAISAL Staff Development -​ Employees meet with management/supervisors at set times. -​ Performance of each employee is evaluated against pre-set objectives. -​ After the meetings, the employees continue their jobs with new targets and goals. COMPENSATION COMPENSATION is the money and other benefits received by employees in exchange for their work. Hourly Wage The most common compensation payment is an hourly wage. The minimum wage is the lowest hourly wage an employer can legally pay an employee. Overtime is a higher hourly rate for working longer than the regular scheduled time or on holidays. SALARY is a fixed amount of money paid to an employee on a regular schedule, usually weekly or monthly. COMMISION is an employee’s pay based on the amount of sales generated. It is a small amount of money added to the salary or hourly wage that acts as an incentive (bonus) to encourage an employee to work harder. STRAIGHT COMMISSION is based solely on an employee’s sales. PIECEWORK is performance-based pay that is calculated on how much product can be made by one person. SWEATSHOPS are piecework factories characterized by low wages and unsafe/unhealthy conditions. FEE FOR SERVICE is a complete job paid by one fee, usually documented in a signed contract. ROYALTY is a fee paid to the owner of a patent or copyright by someone who uses it. LICENSING FEE is money paid to obtain a license. STOCK OPTIONS gives employees the opportunity to buy shares in the company at a lower-than-market price. RETAINING Some businesses offer employees perks to attract and retain employees to avoid employee turnover. Employees could also be paid an incentive as a way of retaining. Health SICK PAY are wages paid to an employee who is absent from work due to illness. Many businesses encourage employees to be healthy physically and emotionally, some even established wellness programs to promote the well-being of their employees. Safety According to the Canada Labour Code, employees have the right to: -​ Be informed about known and foreseeable hazards in the workplace. -​ Identify and resolve job-related problems in safety and health. -​ Refuse dangerous work if they have reasonable cause to believe that a situation constitutes a danger. DISMISSAL Departures, Dismissals, and Retirements DEPARTURES is when employees leave the business to join another one. During an exit interview, the employee could discuss their future goals or provide feedback and ways of improvement about the workplace. Some employers give a positive reference or letter of recommendation to their employees for future applications. DISMISSALS occur when employers host corrective interviews to discuss work problems with employees. Employee layoffs can occur because of financial cutbacks. Some companies offer severance packages as a way to help employees before they get another job. Outplacement counselling offers terminated employees ways to find new jobs. RETIREMENT occurs when an employee voluntarily withdraws themselves from the labour market. GRIEVANCES give employees a chance to express dissatisfaction. DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURES provide employers a way to articulate concerns about employee performance. Rights in the Workplace Employees are protected from discrimination and harassment by the government. Employers have the right ot hire dismiss, and promote employees and establish conditions of employment that best serve their business goals.