Chapter 6 Critical Thinking PDF

How do you define Critical thinking? “Disciplined, self-directed thinking... ”* The National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, 1987.  “ (Thinking)... which exemplifies the perfections of thinking...”* The National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, 1987. In “everyday”...

How do you define Critical thinking? “Disciplined, self-directed thinking... ”* The National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, 1987.  “ (Thinking)... which exemplifies the perfections of thinking...”* The National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, 1987. In “everyday” language: Thinking “outside” the box Thinking about thinking “Unlimited” thinking Divergent thinking  “The intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information.”* * The National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking, 1987. “Critical thinking is the art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view to improving it.”* *The Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking: Concepts And Tools, 5 ed. The Foundation for Critical Thinking, 2008.  “Critical thinking is... Self-disciplined Self-monitored Self-corrective thinking.”* *The Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking: Concepts and Tools, 5th ed. The Foundation for Critical Thinking, 2008. What does critical thinking involve? Making logical inferences (based upon the information presented) Drawing logical conclusions (based upon the information presented) Higher levels of thinking, such as...  Conceptualizing— developing a “mind picture” Conceptualizing Applying Applying—putting conceptual info to use. Analyzing Analyzing—closely examining, tearing apart or Synthesizing breaking down to really look at. Evaluating Synthesizing—pulling things together in a well- organized logical way. Evaluating—making decisions about; reviewing; assessing; rtc.  ACTIVITIES Why is Critical Thinking TIME PERMITTING, WORK THROUGH ACTIVITIES IN YOUR BOOKLET. Important? BE SURE TO THINK CRITICALLY! WhyCritical Is Cthinking helps T ritical us hinking develop: Important? Intellectual Humility. it underlies ▪.. Intellectual Autonomy the basic elements of communication Intellectual Integrity Intellectual Courage ▪..Intellectual. it plays an important part in social Perseverance Confidence in Reason change. Intellectual.Empathy. Fairmindedness ▪... it is a path to freedom from half-. truths and todeceptions.. traits important the development of a multi-cultural world view and the diminishing of irrational thought! Characteristics “cultivated” critical of thinkers Goal: to become cultivated critical thinkers Cultivated critical thinkers...  By well A : cultivated critical thinker... --raising vital questions --formulating Raises questions clearly vital questions and and Raise vital questions precisely problems, formulating them Formulate questions and problems clearly, precisely clearly and precisely;  Gather information Analyze and assess it By: Gathers and assesses --gathering relevant information, then Evaluate it --assessing information, usingit abstract and determining ideas to interpret itwhat it means and what it is effectively, worth  Draw conclusions Find solutions By: Use relevant criteria --drawing conclusions from the information to test them Comes to well-reasoned presented --finding possible, conclusions and reasonable solutions and solutions, testingthem testing them with relevant against criteria relevant criteria and standards; Keep an open mind By --maintaining an open mind  Network w/others; keep lines of communication open Communicates By networking witheffectively with others and maintaining openin others lines of communication figuring with them out solutions and others. to complex problems. To become a cultivated critical thinker: Dare to think outside the box! Develop a sense of observation and curiosity Become interested in finding new solutions Share ideas Ask pertinent (relevant) questions Assess statements and arguments Seek understanding and information Also... Examine beliefs, assumptions, and opinions; weigh them against truth Listen to others, think about what they say, give feedback Become an open-minded listener and reader  Who are the critical thinkers? Who Thinks Critically Parents ? Nurses ▪ Parents Athletic coaches Doctors ▪ Nurses Air traffic controllers ▪ Doctors Military commanders Lawyers, Judges ▪ Athletic coaches Supervisors Accountants ▪ Teachers/Professors Day Care Providers Who SHOULD think critically?