Chapter 6: Application Software PDF

Chapter 6: Application Software Basics of Application Software Software Ownership Rights: Define permissible program use. Software License: Grants usage rights and outlines conditions. Open Source Software: Makes source code accessible to the public....

Chapter 6: Application Software Basics of Application Software Software Ownership Rights: Define permissible program use. Software License: Grants usage rights and outlines conditions. Open Source Software: Makes source code accessible to the public. Open Source Software Growing in use, with many apps available beyond Linux. Typically cheaper, more stable, and secure. Types of Software Commercial Software: Copyrighted, sold for profit with a single-user license. Shareware: Copyrighted, try-before-you-buy model; requires payment or removal after the trial. Freeware: Copyrighted but free to use. Public Domain Software: Not copyrighted; freely available to everyone. Desktop vs. Mobile Software Desktop Software: Designed for personal computers. Mobile Apps: Tailored for mobile devices, available through app stores (e.g., Google Play, Apple App Store). Mobile Ticketing Download tickets directly to a mobile device for entry. Used for movies, concerts, sporting events, boarding passes, and custom events. Installed vs. Cloud Software Installed Software: Requires installation on a computer. Available in physical form or via download. Cloud Software (SaaS): Accessed on-demand via the Web. Advantages: o Accessible from any Internet-connected device. o Easier setup and enhanced collaboration. o Always updated to the latest version. Disadvantages: o May run slower online. o File size limits. o Long-term costs may exceed installed versions. Airline Apps Airlines like American Airlines provide tablets to cabin crew and iPads to pilots. Replaces paper manuals and maps. Enables enhanced passenger services, including: o Flight connections and weather updates. o In-flight food purchases and transactions. Software Suites Bundled collection of programs sold as one package. Commonly includes word processing, spreadsheets, databases, and presentation tools. Office suites provide a unified interface. Latest versions: Office 2013 (installed) and Office 365 (subscription). Common Software Commands Accessing Commands Ribbon (Microsoft Office 2007+): Commands grouped into tabs; contextual tabs appear as needed. Shortcuts: Toolbars, menus, and keyboard shortcuts available. Editing Documents Insert, delete, or modify text at the insertion point. Actions: Select, move, copy, delete, or format text and objects. Formatting Documents Adjust font, size, color, spacing, margins, page numbers, and borders. Getting Help Built-in assistance includes a Table of Contents, browsing, and search options. Help available online (websites) and offline (tutorials, videos, classes). Word Processing Concepts What is Word Processing? o Involves using a computer and word processing software to create, edit, save, and print written documents. o Examples of documents: letters, contracts, manuscripts. Common Word Processing Software Programs: o Microsoft Word o Corel WordPerfect o Apple Pages Creating a Word Processing Document o Word Wrap: Moves the insertion point to the next line when the end of the screen line is reached. o Character Formatting: Adjusts font face, size, style, or color. o Paragraph Formatting: Customizes line spacing, indentation, alignment, and styles. o Page Formatting: Alters margins, paper size, orientation, headers, footers, etc. o Document Formatting: Adds footnotes, endnotes, table of contents, index, background, and themes. Tables, Graphics, and Templates o Tables: Organize content in rows and columns. o Graphics/Drawings: Insert and modify images like clip art, photos, or drawings. o Templates: Provide pre-designed layouts for quickly creating documents. Word Processing and the Web o Many word processing programs now allow: ▪ Sending documents via email. ▪ Adding hyperlinks to Web pages. ▪ Creating or modifying Web pages. ▪ Blogging and collaborating online. Spreadsheet Concepts What Is a Spreadsheet? o A document with data organized in rows and columns, used for formulas, data analysis, charts, and graphs. o Common software: Microsoft Excel, Corel Quattro Pro, Apple Numbers. Creating a Spreadsheet o Worksheet: A single spreadsheet o Workbook: Multiple worksheets in one file. o Cell: Intersection of a row and column, identified by a cell address (e.g., A1). Entering Data o Labels: Text identifiers. o Constant Values: Numerical entries. o Formulas: Perform calculations using cell references (e.g., =A1+B1). Functions: Pre-programmed formulas (e.g., SUM, AVERAGE). Absolute vs. Relative Referencing o Relative: Cell references adjust when copied. o Absolute: Cell references stay fixed (e.g., $B$6). Charts & What-If Analysis o Create charts from data; What-if Analysis for simulations. Spreadsheets and the Web o Save as web pages, insert hyperlinks, copy to web pages, send via email, and collaborate online. Database Concepts What is a Database? o A collection of related data that can be retrieved as needed. o Managed by a Database Management System (DBMS) like Microsoft Access, Oracle, or IBM DB2. Data Organization: o Fields: Columns storing single types of data. o Records: Rows containing related fields. o Tables: Collections of related records. o Database File: A collection of related tables. Creating a Database: o First, create a database file that contains tables, forms, and queries. o Tables are created with specified structure: field name, data type, field size, and default values. o Tables can be viewed in Datasheet or Design mode. Queries & Reports: o Queries: Requests for specific data, saved for repeated use. o Reports: Formal output based on tables or queries. Databases and the Web: o Databases are used by websites to track inventory, enable search functions, and process real-time orders. Presentation Graphics Concepts What Is a Presentation Graphic? o An image designed to visually enhance a presentation o Can be used in electronic slide shows, as well as in printed reports Key Terms: o Slide: A single page of a presentation graphic, part of an electronic slide show. o Electronic Slide Show: A sequence of slides displayed one after the other on a screen. o Presentation Graphics Software: Software used to create presentation graphics. ▪ Popular programs: Microsoft PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, Apple Keynote. Creating a Presentation: o Preformatted slide layouts can be used for efficiency. o New slides can be added to existing or new presentations. o Slides can include various elements like: ▪ Text ▪ Images ▪ Charts ▪ Audio clips ▪ Video clips Finishing a Presentation: o Slide Sorter View: Displays thumbnails of slides to help rearrange their order. o Presentations can be set to run automatically or manually. o Speaker Tools: ▪ Include speaker notes, pens, presenter view, and recorded narration. o Slides can be printed for overhead transparencies or audience handouts. Presentation Graphics and the Web: o Presentation software can generate Web pages or content. o Slides can include hyperlinks. o Web-based presentations can be controlled through a browser. Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics: Digital images, including photos, clip art, scanned drawings, and images created with software. Multimedia: Applications using more than one media type, often referring to audio or video content. Software Types: o Graphics Software: Programs for creating or editing images (e.g., Microsoft Paint, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop). o Audio Editing: Software for creating and editing audio files (e.g., Audacity, Apple GarageBand). o Video Editing: Software for modifying videos and preparing them for presentations or websites (e.g., Apple iMovie, Roxio Creator). o Media Players: Programs for playing audio and video files (e.g., Windows Media Player, QuickTime). Web Use: Graphics and multimedia tools are widely used for creating websites and online content (e.g., logos, banners, games, videos). Other Types of Application Software Desktop & Personal Publishing: For creating printed materials (e.g., brochures, posters). Educational, Entertainment, & Reference Software: For learning, entertainment, or reference (e.g., e-books, games). Note-Taking & Web Notebooks: Digital tools for organizing notes (e.g., OneNote). CAD & Design Software: For design and engineering (e.g., AutoCAD). Accounting & Finance Software: For managing finances (e.g., QuickBooks). Project Management & Collaboration Software: For team management and remote access (e.g., Zoom, Microsoft Project). Word: Spreadsheets: Database: Presentation: Graphics and Multimedia: