Information Technology: IT in Personal, Modern Living - PDF

Chapter 4. Information Technology in Personal, Professional, Social Advancement, Modern living and Human relationships GEE-LIE (Living in the IT Era)  Lesson 4.1: IT in Education; Business; Infrastructure; Travel; Food Industry; Banking; Communication and Services...

Chapter 4. Information Technology in Personal, Professional, Social Advancement, Modern living and Human relationships GEE-LIE (Living in the IT Era)  Lesson 4.1: IT in Education; Business; Infrastructure; Travel; Food Industry; Banking; Communication and Services GEE-LIE (Living in the IT Era) Inform Information ation Technolog Technologyy in in Education  We have been using technology so much these d itayesdiuncaetaicohn aonrd tehveerryedolm gu arain hooufso euhrolldivewso , rbke, that have we ever taken out a second to w woon rkdeorr iit’s f it’s jusle t atvhiantgwaephoasv iteivbeeiem npraecltyionng o touor much on it that we’ve become habitual to it, ignoring the direction of its impact? Information Inform ation Technolog Technologyy in in Education  Its positives outnumbered the negatives and now, with technology, education has taken a whole new meaning that it leaves us with no doubt that our educational system has been transformed owing to the ever-advancing technology. Technology and education are a great combination if used together with a right reason and vision. Here are some of the ways in which technology improves education over time:  Teachers can collaborate to share their ideas and resources online  Students are easy to remain updated  Students can develop valuable research skills at a young age  Students and teachers have access to an expanse of material  Online learning is now an equally credible option Some of the negative effects of Technology in education when used inappropriately Lost Learning Time If the teacher and students are not experienced with technology in the classroom, valuable time is often wasted on technical troubles. In addition, the teacher faces the difficulty of having a class full of students who are all at different skill levels. Overuse and Distr Distraction action Many students learn best by physically and mentally interacting with what they are studying. Computers cannot substitute for hands on experience with art supplies, science equipment or musical instruments. If most of the teaching is done with computer images or PowerPoint lectures, students’ needs are not being met. Game Mentality One problem that many classroom teachers face is that students often use computers primarily for games. Because of this, many students associate computers and technology with game playing. Though some teachers can use this to their advantage, if this issue is not addressed, some students may get distracted and off task easily. Kills their Creativity As a student can find any amount of information on the web, they don’t do research on their own. They simple look up or answers to their questions and write them word for word without actually understanding the concept. They don’t apply their brain in solving questions and simply rely on web for answers. No Practical Learning Due to less analytical approach towards learning, students later become graduates who are very good on paper but don’t possess skills and knowledge in their selected area of study. They aren’t talented to solve technical issues even after being degree holders. Misinformation Misinformation is one of the biggest issues that technology present to modern age students. Anyone has the power to post anything over the Internet. This makes it extremely tough to distinguish between the right and wrong. Inform Information ation Technolog Technologyy in in Business  Today'sbusinesses rely more heavily on technology than ever before. From improved telecommunications to online payment options, most modern businesses could not function as effectively or efficiently without technology. Evenpayments or debit card the abilityat to accept credit retail stores requires a complex system of bank exchanges and telecommunications in order to operate smoothly and reliably. Decision Making  Speedand accuracy are at the heart of making right decision for your business. Every successful organization has to go through a comprehensive market research process which enables management to make the right decision. Marketing and Business Growth  The heart of the business success lies in its marketing identify itswhich enables target the management audience first and thento observe their trends and needs. The overall marketing covers public relation, advertising, promotion and sales which subsequently impact on business growth. Costumer Support and Satisfaction  Higherlevel of customer satisfaction is the key to success which cannot be achieved without a real time customer support process. Business success depends on knowing its customer’s needs, trends, behaviors and satisfaction level. Effective communication is the best tool to understand the customer demands, problems and their solutions. Resource Management and Globalization  When it comes to medium or large organization, it is very hard for the top management to manage all the resources manually. These resources may include tangible, financial or human resources etc. Information technology has played a vital role in automating such complex problems by introducing user friendly solutions. A decade ago, most of the resource management solutions were desktop based. Infor Information mation Technol Technology ogy in Tourism  Thisjoint force also plays a crucial role in the way we travel: from the vacation destination we choose, all the way to what we do once we're there and even in the time after we've come back from our adventure. It is so prevalent, that according to a Google Travel study, 74% of travelers plan their trips on the Internet, while only 13% still use travel agencies to prepare them. Mobile Mob ile Techn echnolo ology gy  This is undoubtedly the main character in the new ways of travel. The cell phone has become our tour guide, travel agency, best restaurant locator, map, and more. It's by our side during the entire purchase journey. In fact, according to TripAdvisor, 45% of users use their smartphone for everything having to do with their vacations. Augmented reality (AR)  Augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) have also entered the travel world, and the truth is that it’s a trend due to all the possibilities they can offer. More and more companies use it to show users a cabin on a cruise ship or transport them, for a few seconds, to the Great Wall of China. Internet of Things (IoT)  The Internet of Things (IoT) promises to bring significant updates to the tourism industry. They include integrating sensors connected to the Internet inside items like cars, suitcases, buildings, and more. Some Hotel properties offer an app to their clients that lets them interact with the room’s thermostat or control the television in the room. Virtual Assistant  We’re all familiar with Siri and Alexa, the virtual assistants that meet all our needs: what’s the weather like today in my city, turn the radio on, open my email, and more. Hotels are now starting to enlist this “help” thanks to the arrival of virtual assistants that are specifically designed for this environment. Big Data  Therehas been a lot of recent talk about Big Data, but they have yet to show all the opportunities it offers for the travel industry. Nonetheless, many industry players are already using it. Some hotel chain uses information about their guests to figure out what is the best target for marketing campaigns. https://www.youtube.com/w youtube.com/watch?v=UQeyU0YcP atch?v=UQeyU0YcPKY&list=PPSV KY&list=PPSV Blockchain  Blockchain is a technology poised to transform the world as we know it. Although it’s mainly appears associated that with finance, it can impact travel. itWhile also there has not been that much experimentation with it, it is possible that it will be useful in identifying passengers at the airport, guaranteeing transparency in tourists' opinions, and easy and secure payments. 5G Networks  Traveltechnology becomes all the more powerful with help from 5G networks. They promise much faster loading and downloading speeds, wider coverage, and more stable connections. Beyond downloading content 20 times faster than before, 5G allows us to develop and deploy technology that 4G limited us. Information Technology in Food Industry  Technology over the years has changed how we produce and find our food through applications, robotics, data and processing techniques. According to a recent report from ING, technology helps food manufacturers produce more efficiently for a growing world population. Robotics and Machines  Theuse of machines in the food industry also ensures quality and affordability. By using machines, it drives down the costs of keeping the food fresh and increases productivity. According to the report, “The rise of robotics in the food industry is a tangible example of food tech. Robotic machines can help to eliminate safety issues for the more dangerous jobs in the food industry. 3D Printing  In the past few years, 3D printing has really taken off across many industries and the food industry is one of them. There have been several applications of 3D printing food from NASA printing a pizza to creating soft foods for those who cannot chew hard food to consume.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kCjSq_ youtube.com/watch?v=2kCjSq_l-0s&list=PPSV&t l-0s&list=PPSV&t=154s =154s Drones  Precision agriculture is a major player when it comes to how technology can make a difference. It is the use of GPS tracking systems and satellite imagery to monitor crop yields, soil levels, and weather patterns to increase efficiency on the farm. Packaging and waste  One of the biggest concerns for consumers right now is having healthy and sustainable goods. Consumers pay attention to labels and harmful ingredients, especially with social media, there is not much that companies can get away with anymore. Many companies use technology to help them “go green.” Information Technology in Banking Industry  Banking environment has become highly competitive grow in thetoday. To bemarket changing able toenvironment survive and banks are going for the latest technologies, which is being perceived as an ‘enabling resource’ that can help in developing learner and more flexible structure that can respond quickly to the dynamics of a fast changing market scenario. E-Banking  E-bankingmade its debut in UK and USA 1920s. It becomes prominently popular during 1960, through electronic funds transfer and credit cards. The concept of web based banking came into existence in Europe and USA in the beginning of 1980. Many banks have modernized their services with the facilities of computer and electronic equipment. The ebanks, which may call as easy bank offers the following services to its customers:  Credit Cards/Debit Cards  ATM  E-Cheques  EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer)  DeMA DeMATT Accounts Acc ounts  Mobile Banking  Telephone Bankin Banking g  Internet Banking  EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) Information Technology in Communicati Commun ication on Technol Technology ogy  One of the biggest developments in communication came electric telegraph in 1831 While was invented. when post the existed as a form of communication before this 19th date, it waswhich century electrical had engineering in the a revolutionary impact. Now, digital methods have superseded almost all other forms of communication,  especially in business. The Telephone  In 1849, the telephone was invented and within 50 years it was an essential item for homes and offices, but tethering impacted the flexibility and privacy of the device. Then, came the mobile phone.  In 1973, Motorola created a mobile phone which kickstarted a chain of developments that transformed communication forever.  Earlysmartphones were primarily aimed towards the enterprise market, bridging the gap between telephones and personal digital assistants (PDAs),lives. had short battery but they were bulky and  By 1996, Nokia was releasing phones with QWERTY keyboards and by 2010, the majority of Android phones were touchscreen only.  In 2007, Steve Jobs revealed the first iPhone to the world and Apple paved the way for the aesthetics of modern smartphones. Before the iPhone, keyboard“flip andphones”, and the screen were phones with a split norm. A year later, a central application store with an initial 500 downloadable ‘apps’ was launched. Currently, there are over two million apps available in the Apple App Store. The Internet  The internet has made communication easier and faster, it’s allowed us to stay in contact with people regardless of time and location. It’s accelerated the pace of business and widened the possibilities within the enterprise space. It’s allowed people to find their voice and express themselves through social media, YouT ouTube ube and memes. Email  As a byproduct of the World Wide Web, email was introduced to the world in 1991 (although it had been operating years before) and it has vastly changed our lives— whether for better or worse depends on your viewpoint. The first users of the messaging platform were educational systems and the military who used email to exchange  information. Weara earable ble Techn echnolog ology y  The first instance of wearable technology was a hands free mobile headset launched in 1999, which became a piece of tech synonymous with city workers. It gave businesspeople the ability to answer calls on the go, most importantly, while driving. Ten years ago, the idea that you could make a video call from an item other than a phone  would have been a sci fi dream. Virtual Reality (VR)  The next generation of VR has only been around since 2016, but it’s already shaking up communications. The beauty of VR— presence—means you can connect to someone in the same space at the same time, without the time sink and cost of travel, even if participants are on different continents. VR also helps to facilitate better  communication. 5G Network  These benefits will bring about significant improvements in communication. Instantaneous communication will be possible and those patchy frustrating video calls will be a thing of the past. The average 4G transmission speed currently available for our smartphones is around the 21 Mbps mark. 5G will be 100 to 1000 times faster. Lesson 4.2: Internet of Things (IoT) GEE-LIE (Living in the IT Era) Internet of Things (IoT)  The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. Internet of Things (IoT) A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an Internet Protocol (IP) address and is able to transfer data over a network. How IoT works?  AnIoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such as processors, sensors and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data they acquire from their environments. IoT by data they collect devices share the connecting sensor to an IoT gateway or other edge device where data is either sent to the cloud to be analyzed or analyzed analyze d locally locally.. Why IoT is important?  The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as gain complete control over their lives. In addition to offering smart devices to automate homes, IoT is essential to business. IoT provides businesses with their systems a real-time really look into work, delivering how insights into everything from the performance of machines to supply chain and logistics  operations. Why IoT is important? IoT enables companies to automate processes and reduce labor costs. It also cuts down on waste and improves service delivery, making it less expensive to manufacture and deliver goods, as well as offering transparency into customer the most transactions. As such, IoT important technologies of is one of everyday life, and it will continue to pick up steam as more businesses realize the potential of connected devices to keep them competitive. Some of the common benefits of IoT enable businesses to: ▪ monitor their overall business processes; ▪ improve the customer experience (CX); ▪ save time and money; ▪ enhance employee productivity; ▪ integrate and adapt business models; ▪ make better business decisions; and ▪ generate more revenue ▪ Generally, IoT is most abundant in manufacturing, transportation and utility organizations, making use of sensors and other IoT devices; however, it has also found use cases for organizations within the agriculture, infrastructure and home automation industries, leading some organizations toward digital transformation. IoT can benefit farmers in agriculture by  making their job easier easier.. Some of the advantages of IoT include the following: o ability to access information from anywhere at any time on any device; o improved communication between connected electronic devices; o transferring data network saving packets time over a connected and money; and o automating tasks helping to improve the  quality the needoffor a business s services and reducing human intervention. Some disadvantages of IoT include the following: o As the number of connected devices increases and more between devices, information the potential thatisa hacker shared could steal confidential information also increases. o Enterprises may eventually have to deal with massive numbers -- maybe even millions of IoT devices, and collecting and managing the  data from challenging. all those devices will be o If there's a bug in the system, it's likely that every connected device will become corrupted. o Since there's for compatibility no IoT, international it's difficultstandard of for devices from different manufacturers to communicate with each other. IoT Security and Privacy Issues  The internet of things connects billions of devices to the internet and involves the use of billions of data points, all of which need to be secured. Due to its expanded attack surface, IoT security and IoT privacy are cited as major concerns.  In 2016, one of the most notorious recent IoT attacks was Mirai, a botnet that infiltrated domain name server provider Dyn and took down many websites for an extended period of time in one of the biggest distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks ever seen. Attackers gained access to the network by exploiting poorly secured IoT devices.  Additionally, connected devices often ask users to input their personal information, including names, ages, addresses, phone numbers and even social media accounts information.  Hackers aren't the only threat to the internet of things; privacy is another major concern for IoT users. Lesson 4.3: Smart phones and Mobile Technology GEE-LIE (Living in the IT Era) Introduction  Smartphones have radically changed people’s lives. Before people have to take extra effort in sending messages or they buy a camera just to take pictures. Today, these functionalities are integrated into one, rectangular – revolutionary technology that keeps getting smarter and smarter every day. Since then, smartphones are  never found out of reach from people.  Accordingto statistics, almost half of the population owns a smartphone. In a 2016 survey conducted by the Bank of America, 96% of the millennials aged 18 to 24 years old said that smartphones are very important for them. 93% of them even stated that smartphones are more important The survey than deodorant also found andan out that toothbrush. individual checks his or her smartphone every 6.5 minutes. Advantages of Having Smartphones Instant Communication Smartphones evolved from the earliest communication devices. Thus, it has been created to primarily improve people’s way of communicating with each other. The advent of smartphone technology modernized communications. Web Surfing The smartphones also make it convenient for people to surf the web. These devices are integrated with mobile browsers that enable them to research and access websites anytime and anywhere. According to a study, 10% of the total time spent by people on smartphones is used in opening browsers to surf the internet. Camera In this “selfie” generation, the camera is so important. It saves people from buying a separate digital camera to take photos and videos. Especially now that the millennials are fond of posting photos in the social media. According to a 2014 Comtech study, the camera ranked third as the most important consideration for consumers in buying a smartphone. Entertainment Smartphones are also viewed as a source of entertainment – games, music, movies, and books. Based on the 2016 statistics, there are more than 63.7 million people in North America use smartphones for gaming. Moreover, users can listen to their favorite music with iT i Tunes and a nd Spotify Spot ify,, among amo ng others. othe rs. Education Smartphones also aid education, especially in children. With easy access to information and helpful content, children can have a more interactive learning through watching education videos and playing education applications. They can also easily surf the internet if they want to search something about a topic. GPS Most smartphones now are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS). This technology allows people to locate certain addresses and area all around the world. This helped improved not just communication, but most especially, transportation. Privacy With smartphones, you can do whatever you want without anyone knowing it. You can snap photos of yourself and secure your photo library with a password. You can also send messages to your loved ones without the fear of anyone knowing it. Online transactions can also be done through smartphones. Disadvantages of Having Smartphones Costly Smartphones can be expensive, especially those high-end phones with great specs and features. Apart from some applications the being require smartphone itself, purchased in order to fully use the other functionalities offered by the app. Poor social interaction Based on the new data released by analytics firm Flurry, people use smartphones at least 5 hours a day. They also added that people’s usage of apps increases to 69% last 2017. With this, the “real” social interaction degrades. People no longer interact with people outside as they tend to spend more time with their smartphones. Distraction Despite the productivity, smartphones can really be distracting. Applications notify you when there are messages, updates, latest offerings, etc. These interrupt the momentum which can potentially affect your productivity. When you attend to these notifications, you’ll find yourself attached to the phone. Health issues Smartphones are also found to have a negative impact on your health. Smartphones emit radiofrequency energy which can be absorbed by the tissues in the body. Sleep deprivation is also one of the common bad effects of using smartphones. Moreover, phones produce HEV light which can damage your eyes’ retina. Addiction When you wake up in the morning, do you find yourself checking your phone first than anything else? If you do, this is an early sign of smartphone addiction. This problem may lead to a serious addiction. This may include addiction to games, social media, etc. Privacy Threats Even if smartphones are made private, there are still security risks and threats everywhere. Hackers are always present and virtual viruses are potent. Smartphones are vulnerable to these threats when you access the internet. Thus, you need to be extra cautious of opening sites and links. Extra Work With high-end smartphone comes… extra work. Smartphones are widely used in business. If you find yourself relying on various apps, then you are working on extra workloads which are not even existent before. Moreover, your boss can instantly call you even in the middle of the night. Uncensored Content Lastly, there is a disadvantage in easy access to information and the internet. People, especially children can see, intentionally or not, the uncensored content including violence, pornographic content, etc. If you have children, make sure you regulate their use of smartphones. Essay 10pts) Write this in 1/2 sheet of paper.  Discuss the role of information technology in modern education. How has technology transformed teaching and learning processes, and what are the potential benefits and challenges of integrating IT into educational systems? Provide specific examples to support your arguments.