Chapter 3 - Revised Artificial Intelligence PDF

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chapter 3 Learning Outcomes After completing this session, you should be able to Explain what artificial intelligence (AI) is Describe the applications of AI List the factors that influenced the advancement of AI Understand the relationship between the...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chapter 3 Learning Outcomes After completing this session, you should be able to Explain what artificial intelligence (AI) is Describe the applications of AI List the factors that influenced the advancement of AI Understand the relationship between the human’s way of thinking and AI systems Identify AI research focus areas What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) A branch of computer science by which we can create intelligent machines which can behave like a human, think like humans, and able to make decisions What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) Artificial Intelligence exists when a machine can have human-based skills such as learning, reasoning, and problem solving Artificial Intelligence machine can perform a task without specifically being pre-programed to do the task Agent and Environment An AI system is composed of an agent and its environment An agent (e.g., human or robot) is anything that can perceive its environment through sensors and acts upon that environment through effectors Intelligent agents must be able to set goals and achieve them Agent and Environment An agent assess its environment, make predictions, and then evaluate its predictions and adapt based on its assessment Agent and Environment Machine perception is the ability to use input from sensors (such as cameras, microphones, sensors, etc.) to deduce aspects of the world. e.g., Computer Vision High-profile examples of AI Autonomous vehicles (such as drones and self-driving cars) Medical Diagnosis Creating art (such as poetry), Proving mathematical theorems, Playing games (Alpha Go) High-profile examples of AI Search engines (such as Google search) Online assistants (such as Siri) Image recognition in photographs Spam filtering Prediction of judicial decisions and Targeting online advertisements Enabling technologies for the advancement of AI The arrival of the internet The advent of Big Data Smart mobile phones Social media Cheaper and more powerful hardware such as Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) Relationships of AI, ML, and DL Artificial Intelligence (AI) Machine Learning (ML) Deep Learning (DL) Need for Artificial Intelligence To create expert systems that exhibit intelligent behavior Helping machines find solutions to complex problems Goals of Artificial Intelligence Replicate human intelligence Solve Knowledge-intensive tasks An intelligent connection of perception and action Build a machine which can perform tasks that requires human intelligence Plan some surgical operation Driving a car in traffic Proving a theorem Goals of Artificial Intelligence Creating some system which can exhibit intelligent behavior Learn new things What Comprises to Artificial Intelligence Advantages of Artificial Intelligence High Accuracy with fewer errors High-Speed High reliability Useful for risky areas Digital Assistant Useful as a public utility Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence High Cost Can't think out of the box Limited to the work for which they are trained or programmed No feelings and emotions Increase dependence on machines No Original Creativity Influencers of artificial intelligence Big data Advancements in computer processing speed and new chip architectures Enabled processing of a large amount of data at high speed Influencers of artificial intelligence Cloud computing and APIs Cloud computing made possible the availability of services such as data analysis, social media, video storage, e-commerce, and AI capabilities through the internet APIs enable software components to communicate with each other easily The emergence of data science Data science uses machine learning and AI to process big data Influencers of artificial intelligence Example Services available using APIs and Cloud infrastructure IBM delivers Watson AI services over IBM Cloud Amazon AI services are delivered over Amazon Web Services (AWS) Microsoft AI tools are available over the MS Azure cloud Google AI services are available in the Google Cloud Platform Applications of AI In Agriculture agriculture robotics, soil and crop monitoring, predictive analysis In Healthcare to make a better and faster diagnosis than humans In Education AI chatbot can communicate with students as a teaching assistant Applications of AI In Finance and E-commerce adaptive intelligence, algorithm trading, help shoppers discover products In Gaming and Entertainment services such as Netflix show AI backed recommendations for programs or shows In Data Security to determine software bugs and cyber-attacks Applications of AI In Social Media analyze lots of data to identify the latest trends, hashtags, and requirements of different users In Travel & Transport making travel arrangements, suggesting hotels, flights, and best routes Applications of AI In Automotive Industry self-driven cars which can make your journey more safe and secure In Robotics to create intelligent robots which can perform tasks with their own experiences without pre-programmed AI tools and platforms AI has developed a large number of tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science Search and optimization Logic Probabilistic methods for uncertain reasoning Classifiers and statistical learning methods AI tools and platforms AI has developed a large number of tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science such as Neural networks Control theory Languages AI tools and platforms Most common artificial intelligence platforms Microsoft Azure Machine Learning Google Cloud Prediction API IBM Watson TensorFlow Sample AI Applications Commuting Google’s AI-Powered Predictions Ridesharing Apps Like Uber and Lyft Commercial Flights Use an AI Autopilot Sample AI Applications Email Spam Filters Smart Email Categorization Sample AI Applications Social Networking Automatically highlighting faces and suggests friends tag Add animated effects or digital masks Sample AI Applications Online Shopping You see recommendations for products you’re interested in as “customers who viewed this item also viewed” and “customers who bought this item also bought” Sample AI Applications Mobile Use Voice-to-Text “Ok Google” for example Smart Personal Assistants perform internet searches, set reminders, and calendar using Bots