Chapter 10 Geo PDF - Fall Semester Review

# Fall Semester Exam Review ## Vocabulary - **Maquiladoras:** Factories or assembly plants in Mexico that import raw materials and components, process or assemble them, and then export the finished products, often to the United States or other countries. - **NAFTA:** A trade agreement signed in 19...

# Fall Semester Exam Review ## Vocabulary - **Maquiladoras:** Factories or assembly plants in Mexico that import raw materials and components, process or assemble them, and then export the finished products, often to the United States or other countries. - **NAFTA:** A trade agreement signed in 1994 between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, aimed at reducing trade barriers, such as tariffs and quotas, and increasing economic cooperation among the three countries. - **Inca:** A powerful indigenous civilization in South America, known for their highly advanced culture, engineering, and political systems. The Inca Empire, based in present-day Peru, was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America and extended across large parts of the western Andes and coastal regions. - **Aztec:** A Mesoamerican culture that thrived in central Mexico between the 14th and early 16th centuries. - **Mestizo:** Refers to a person of mixed European (often Spanish) and Indigenous American ancestry. This term became significant during the colonial period in Latin America when Spanish colonizers intermarried with indigenous populations. - **Mulatto:** Refers to a person of mixed African and European (usually Spanish or Portuguese) ancestry. This term was used during the colonial period, especially in the Americas, where European colonizers, enslaved Africans, and Indigenous populations interacted. # Chapter 12 - **Peninsulas of Europe:** Iberian, Italian, and Balkan. - **North European Plain:** A vast lowland area that stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east, covering parts of several countries, including France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and Russia. - **North Atlantic Drift:** A powerful ocean current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico, travels across the Atlantic Ocean, and then curves northeast towards northwestern Europe. - **Deforestation:** Refers to the large-scale clearing or destruction of forests, typically to make way for agriculture, urban development, or logging. - **Land of the Midnight Sun:** Refers to regions within the Arctic Circle (or close to it) where, during the summer months, the sun does not set for a period of time. - **Ethnic Differences:** Refer to the cultural, linguistic, and ancestral distinctions that exist between various groups of people. In Europe, ethnic differences have played a major role in shaping the continent's history and culture.