Five Themes of Geography PDF

The Five Themes of GEOGRAPH Y SOCIAL SCIENCE 2 MODULE 1 – Lesson 1.1 LESSON OBJECTIVES Review the study of geography Identify the fi ve themes of geography Recognize the purpose of each theme Apply each theme to the real world WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY? Geography is the study of...

The Five Themes of GEOGRAPH Y SOCIAL SCIENCE 2 MODULE 1 – Lesson 1.1 LESSON OBJECTIVES Review the study of geography Identify the fi ve themes of geography Recognize the purpose of each theme Apply each theme to the real world WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY? Geography is the study of the physical features of the earth, including how humans aff ect the earth and are aff ected by it. WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY? Geography is the study of Earth’s surface, people, places, and environments. Geographers are people who study and research these aspects of Earth. HOW IS IT RELATED TO HISTORY? THE FIVE THEMES Geographers use these themes to understand and explain their geographical studies. The fi ve themes of geography are 1 2 3 4 5 Human- Location Place Region Movement Environment Interaction LOCATION Location is the physical position of people and places on Earth’s surface. There are two types of location: absolute and relative. Absolute location is an exact location determined by latitude and longitude (global location) or a specifi c address (for local location). Relative location is the location of a place based on its relationship to another place (landmarks, time, direction, or distance from one another. TUR Picture out your home address. Where is it physically and located? How would you describe the location in N TALK relation to another place? Why is studying location important in studying HISTORY? PLACE Place is a location’s distance and unique physical and human characteristics that shape its meaning and identity. Physical features include landforms, bodies of water, climate, and vegetation. Human characters include man-made structures, ideas, cultures, languages, traditions, and governments. Location and place together help geographers make thoughtful and research-based observations TUR Think about where you live. Describe the and physical and human characteristics you see N TALK there. How do these characteristics make this place unique? REGION A region is a group of places that share physical characteristics, human characteristics or both. For example, regions may be grouped based on climate or wildlife. In other areas, regions are grouped by languages, governments, cultures and traditions. Earth has ten natural regions with their own unique wildlife, vegetation and climate. Geographers use regions to compare and contrast places and better understand them. TUR Think about where you live. How many regions and can you identify? Does where your live belong N TALK to any bigger regions? REGION Formal Regions are designated by offi cial boundaries set by governments, such as geographic or cultural areas, countries, and cities. Functional regions are organized around a central hub that supports its surrounding area through linkages. An example is a city and its suburbs, which is connected by highways, railroads, subways, and bus lines. TUR Think about where you live. How many regions and can you identify? Does where you live belong to N TALK any bigger regions? REGION Perceptual or Vernacular regions are defi ned by people’s beliefs, feelings or attitude that may or may not be true. They have no offi cial boundaries and may be perceived diff erently from person to person. TUR Think about where you live. How many regions and can you identify? Does where you live belong to N TALK any bigger regions? MOVEMENT Movement is the mobility of people, goods, ideas, animals, vegetation and physical features between places. Geographers study how and why these things move. They also study the result of these movements. It takes place through trade, migration, and interactions which resulted to complex patterns of the society. Movement also focuses on human migration, trade and communication. TUR What examples of movement do you see in your and area? How does this movement impact your N TALK area? HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION Human-environment interaction is the relationship and interaction between humans and the environment. Humans adapt to, modify and rely on their environment for resources like food, water and shelter. Examples of this theme include agriculture, construction, pollution and recycling. Environments can infl uence human behavior and culture. TUR How do you depend on your environment? In what and ways do you adapt to your environment? N TALK HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION Depend – People who lived near the ocean learned to fi sh, while those who lived near fertile soil learned to farm. Adapt – Cultural choices, such as what clothes to wear or which sports to play, often refl ected the environment. Modify – Human changes the surroundings through activities like urbanization, conversion of farms into subdivision, commercialization or mining, which are vital in economic growth but dangerous for the environment and people. TUR How do you depend on your environment? In what and ways do you adapt to your environment? N TALK LET’S REVIEW Geographers study location, place, region, movement, and human-environment interaction to better understand the Earth. These themes help geographers answer these questions: Where is it? Why is it there? What are the eff ects of it being there? LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMAN-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 1. Norway’s best known geographical feature called “fjords” are U-shaped valleys partly filled by the sea that have been carved out of glaciers. PLACE LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMAN-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 2. Mt. Everest is part of the Himalayan Mountains which lies on the border of Tibet and Nepal. LOCATIO LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMAN- ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 3. An estimated 10 million visitors yearly climb steep mountain roads to ski and shop in Andorra providing a good source of livelihood for its citizens. HUMAN- ENVI INTERACTION LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMAN-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 4. Unemployment and poverty forced many Welsh people to migrate to neighboring country like England. MOVEMENT LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMA-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 5. The Asian Tigers include South Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong – all of which are found in East Asia. REGION LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMA-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 6. The Cotton Belt of America includes places from Virginia to California in the United States. REGION LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMA-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 7. The Mariana Trench is located in the western of Pacific Ocean which is 200 kilometers east of Mariana Islands. LOCATIO N LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMA-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 8. Hawaii has a varied topography as it consist of tropical coastal areas, misty plateaus, craggy ocean cliffs, lava desserts, and fern and bamboo forests. PLACE LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMA-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 9. In Chiang Mai and other parts of Thailand, January to April is considered as Burning season of agricultural farms that results to very low air quality. HUMA-ENVI INTERACTION LOCATIO PLACE REGION HUMA-ENVI MOVEMENT N INTERACTION 10. About 90% population of Gaza have been displaced from their home as a result of Palestine – Israel conflict. MOVEMENT