Basic Concepts and Issues on Human Development PDF

CHAPTER 1 Basic Concepts and Issues on Issues on Human Development Presented by: Ms. Ordineza  MENTAL HEALTH CHECK-IN What is the state of your heart now? I’m doing I am okay I am I am I am I am having a I’m...

CHAPTER 1 Basic Concepts and Issues on Issues on Human Development Presented by: Ms. Ordineza  MENTAL HEALTH CHECK-IN What is the state of your heart now? I’m doing I am okay I am I am I am I am having a I’m in a good… okay-ish coping struggling hard time and bad place wouldn’t mind if right now someone reached out to me Drop you heart color in the chat box and let me know how you are doing  T o p ic O u tlin e H u m a n D e ve lo p m e n t: M e a n in g C o n ce p ts a n d 01 A p p ro a ch e s T h e S ta g e s o f D e ve lo p m e n t a n d 02 D e v e lo p m e n ta l T a s ks 03 Issues on Human Development 04 Research in Child and Adolescent Development Human Development: Meaning Concepts and Approaches Development Growth Aging -is the pattern of biological, -refers to physical changes -in a biological sense, is the cognitive, and that occur from conception deterioration of organisms socioemotional changes that to maturity; quantitative (including human beings) begins at conception and changes in an individual as that leads inevitably to continues throughout the he progresses in death. lifespan; it includes both chronological age, and it growth and decay. may refer to increases in size, height or weight Human Development: Meaning Concepts and Approaches Maturation Learning Environment -is the biological unfolding of -is the process through -refers to all the external, an individual according to a which experience brings physical, and social plan contained in the genes about relatively permanent conditions and events that (the hereditary changes in thoughts, can affect us, from crowded characteristics passed from feelings, or behavior. living quarters to stimulating parents to child at social interactions. conception); developmental changes that comes with age.  Two Approaches To Human Development LIFE-SPAN TRADITIONAL Paul Baltes: Extensive changes from 1 Development is Lifelong birth to adolescence 2 Development is multidimensional Little or no change in 3 Development is Multidirectional adulthood and; 4 Development is Plastic decline in late old age. 5 Development is Contextual 6 Development involves growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT & DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT & DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS HAVIGHURST Developmental task: one that “arises at a certain period in our life, the successful achievement of which leads to happiness and success with later tasks while failure leads to unhappiness, social disapproval, and difficulty with later tasks.” Robert J. Havighurst SANTROCK There are eight (8) developmental stages given by Santrock. The eight (8) developmental stages cited by Santrock are the same with Havighurst’s six (6) developmental stages only that Havighurst did not include prenatal period. Havighurst combined infancy and early childhood while Santrock mentioned them as two (2) separate stages. John W. Santrock THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) It involves tremendous growth- from a single 1 PRENATAL PERIOD (from conception to birth) cell to an organism complete with brain and behavioral capabilities. THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) A time of extreme dependence on adults. Many psychological 2 INFANCY activities are just beginning, such as language development, symbolic thought, sensorimotor coordination, and social learning. (from birth to 2 years) THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) These are preschool years. Young children learn to become 3 EARLY CHILDHOOD more self-sufficient, develop school readiness skills (such as learning to follow instructions and identify letters), and spend (from 3 to 5 years) many hours with peers. First grade typically marks the end of early childhood. THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) Sometimes called the elementary school years. Children MIDDLE & 4 LATE master the fundamental skills of reading, writing, and math, achievement becomes a more central theme, and self- CHILDHOOD control increases. In this period, children interact more with (from 6 to 12 years) the wider social world beyond their family. THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) Adolescence starts with rapid physical changes, including 5 ADOLESCENCE height and weight gains and development of sexual functions. Adolescents intensely pursue independence and (from 13 to 18 years) seek their own identity. Their thought becomes more abstract, logical, and idealistic. THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) It is the time of establishing personal and economic 6 EARLY ADULTHOOD independence, career development, selecting a mate, learning to live with someone in an intimate (from 19 to 29 years) way, starting a family and rearing children THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) MIDDLE It is the time of expanding personal and social 7 ADULTHOOD involvement and responsibility; of assisting the next generation in becoming competent and mature (from 30 to 60 years) individuals; and of reaching and maintaining satisfaction in a career THE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT (Santrock) It is the time for adjustment to decreasing strength 8 LATE ADULTHOOD and health, life review, retirement, and adjustment to new social roles (from 61 years and above)  DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS (HAVIGHURST) Infancy and Early Childhood (0-5) Middle Childhood (6-12) Adolescence (13-18) 1. Learning to walk. 1. Learning physical skills necessary for 1. Achieving new and more mature 2. Learning to take solid foods ordinary games. relations with age-mates of both sexes 3. Learning to talk 2. Building wholesome attitudes toward oneself 2. Achieving a masculine or feminine 4. Learning to control the elimination as a growing organism social role of body wastes 3. Learning to get along with age-mates 3. Accepting one's physique and using the 5. Learning sex differences and 4. Learning an appropriate masculine or body effectively sexual modesty feminine social role 4. Achieving emotional independence of 6. Forming concepts and learning 5. Developing fundamental skills in reading, parents and other adults language to describe social and writing, and calculating 5. Preparing for marriage and family life physical reality. 6. Developing concepts necessary for everyday Preparing for an economic career 7. Getting ready to read living. 6. Acquiring a set of values and an ethical 7. Developing conscience, morality, and a scale system as a guide to behavior; of values developing an ideology 8. Achieving personal independence 7. Desiring and achieving socially 9. Developing acceptable attitudes toward responsible behavior social groups and institutions HAVIGHURST’S DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS Early Adulthood (19-29) Middle Adulthood (30-60) Later Maturity (61-and over) 1. Selecting a mate 1. Achieving adult civic and social 1. Adjusting to decreasing 2. Achieving a masculine or responsibility strength and health feminine social role 2. Establishing and maintaining an 2. Adjusting to retirement ad 3. Learning to live with a economic standard of living reduced income marriage partner 3. Assisting teenage children to 3. Adjusting to death of spouse 4. Starting a family become responsible and happy 4. Establishing relations with 5. Rearing children adults one’s own age group 6. Managing a home 4. Developing adult leisure-time 5. Meeting social and civic 7. Getting started in an activities obligations occupation 5. Relating oneself to one’s spouse as 6. Establishing satisfactory living 8. Taking on civic responsibility a person quarters 9. Finding a congenial social 6. Accepting and adjusting to the group physiological changes of middle age 7. Adjusting to aging parent  ACTIVITY NO. 1: MY DEVELOPMENT STORY Create an album of your development from infancy to early adulthood or your current age/stage Narrate what you remember on each photo/stage of development You may ask your parents about your characteristics/experience during your infancy/early childhood stage. You may add designs/special effects on your output. Submit it in PDF/JPG format.