Chapter 7 Test Questions and Answers PDF

Chapter 7 ### **Muscles absorb glucose, so they play a role in:** A\) Fat storage\ B) ATP production\ C) Glycolysis\ D) Muscle contraction ### **2. Infoldings of sarcolemma carry electrical current:** A\) Myofibrils\ B) T-tubules\ C) Motor end plate\ D) Sarcomeres ### **3. Muscle fiber is a mus...

Chapter 7 ### **Muscles absorb glucose, so they play a role in:** A\) Fat storage\ B) ATP production\ C) Glycolysis\ D) Muscle contraction ### **2. Infoldings of sarcolemma carry electrical current:** A\) Myofibrils\ B) T-tubules\ C) Motor end plate\ D) Sarcomeres ### **3. Muscle fiber is a muscle cell. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **4. Myofilaments are contractile thick and thin microtubules of proteins in muscle fiber. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **5. Define thin and thick filaments. Structure and function:** A\) Thick filaments are composed of actin, and thin filaments of myosin\ B) Thin filaments are composed of actin, and thick filaments of myosin\ C) Thick filaments are composed of tropomyosin, and thin filaments of troponin\ D) Both filaments are composed of the same proteins ### **6. I bands consist of thin filaments and the elastin filament. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **7. Motor \_\_\_\_\_\_ is one motor neuron and all muscle fibers it supplies:** A\) Endplate\ B) Unit\ C) Junction\ D) Fiber ### **8. Neuromuscular Junction is made of a nerve fiber and a muscle fiber. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **9. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine to stop muscle stimulation:** A\) Acetylcholinesterase\ B) Myosinase\ C) Lactase\ D) Kinase ### **10. Muscle goes for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ when the body demand for ATP is high, but oxygen is not available (e.g., during intense exercise):** A\) Aerobic respiration\ B) Anaerobic respiration\ C) Glycolysis\ D) Lactic acid fermentation ### ### ### **11. Define resting membrane potential:** A\) It's the potential difference across the plasma membrane at rest\ B) It's the depolarized state of a muscle fiber\ C) It refers to a highly active state of the membrane\ D) None of the above ### **12. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the resting membrane potential of skeletal muscle:** A\) +30 mV\ B) -90 mV\ C) 0 mV\ D) -50 mV ### **13. Define excitation, contraction, and relaxation:** A\) The series of events from the electrical signal to muscle relaxation\ B) The interaction between muscle fibers and nerves\ C) The breakdown of ATP during contraction\ D) The signal passed from the brain to muscles ### **14. Steps in muscle excitation include:** A\) Release of acetylcholine at the synapse\ B) Binding of calcium to troponin\ C) Depolarization of the sarcolemma\ D) Both A and C ### **15. Steps in muscle contraction include:** A\) Myosin heads binding to actin\ B) Calcium binding to tropomyosin\ C) Power stroke pulling actin\ D) Both A and C ### **16. Steps in muscle relaxation include:** A\) Reuptake of calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum\ B) Release of ATP from mitochondria\ C) Acetylcholine breakdown at the synapse\ D) Both A and C ### **17. Define action potential and cross-bridges:** A\) The electrical signal and its relation to muscle contraction\ B) The interaction between actin and myosin\ C) The difference between relaxation and contraction\ D) The breakdown of ATP ### **18. What is the Sliding Filament Mechanism?** A\) The process of actin and myosin sliding past each other during muscle contraction\ B) The breakdown of ATP into ADP\ C) The binding of calcium to troponin\ D) The shortening of sarcomeres ### **19. Muscle goes for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to yield 30 ATP per glucose, which requires oxygen during exercises like running:** A\) Glycolysis\ B) Aerobic respiration\ C) Lactic acid fermentation\ D) Anaerobic respiration ### **20. Power stroke vs. recovery stroke refers to:** A\) The attachment and detachment of myosin heads to actin\ B) The opening and closing of calcium channels\ C) Muscle fiber relaxation\ D) ATP binding to myosin ### **21. Define muscle twitch and muscle tension:** A\) A quick contraction in response to a stimulus and the force generated\ B) A prolonged contraction and relaxation\ C) The release of calcium ions\ D) The breakdown of ATP ### **22. Isotonic vs. isometric refers to:** A\) Contractions where muscle length changes vs. where it stays the same\ B) Contractions that generate heat vs. cold\ C) Voluntary vs. involuntary muscle movements\ D) Fast-twitch vs. slow-twitch fibers ### **23. Biceps brachii flexes the elbow while triceps brachii extends it. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **24. Brachialis is the elbow joint flexor, and triceps brachii is its extensor. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **25. Orbicularis oculi action is to blink and close the eye. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **26. Orbicularis oris action is to kiss and protrude our lips. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **27. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are the smiling muscles:** A\) Zygomaticus major and minor\ B) Masseter and buccinator\ C) Frontalis and orbicularis oculi\ D) Platysma and sternocleidomastoid ### **28. We elevate our eyebrows using the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ muscle:** A\) Frontalis\ B) Masseter\ C) Buccinator\ D) Temporalis ### **29. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a muscle used in airflow, drinking, and chewing:** A\) Buccinator\ B) Masseter\ C) Zygomaticus\ D) Orbicularis oris ### **30. When the masseter contracts, it causes powerful elevation of the mandible causing the mouth to close. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **31. Sternocleidomastoid is the prime mover of neck flexion. True/false:** A\) True\ B) False ### **32. The origin of the sternocleidomastoid is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and its insertion is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Sternum; Mastoid process\ B) Sternum; Clavicle\ C) Clavicle; Mastoid process\ D) Clavicle; Sternum ### **33. Trapezius origin is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae\ B) Clavicle\ C) Sternum\ D) Mastoid process ### **34. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ muscle is used for defecation, exhalation, and childbirth:** A\) Diaphragm\ B) Rectus abdominis\ C) Transverse abdominis\ D) External oblique ### **35. The most superficial muscle of the abdominal wall that helps in exhalation by pulling the rib cage downward is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Rectus abdominis\ B) External oblique\ C) Internal oblique\ D) Transverse abdominis ### **36. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the prime mover in forward thrusting, throwing, and pushing:** A\) Pectoralis major\ B) Latissimus dorsi\ C) Biceps brachii\ D) Trapezius ### **37. You push the door using \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ muscle:** A\) Pectoralis major\ B) Latissimus dorsi\ C) Deltoid\ D) Triceps brachii ### **38. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the main mover of the shoulder up and down:** A\) Trapezius\ B) Deltoid\ C) Latissimus dorsi\ D) Pectoralis major ### **39. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ help the body in climbing and throwing balls:** A\) Latissimus dorsi and biceps brachii\ B) Trapezius and deltoid\ C) Pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi\ D) Deltoid and triceps brachii ### **40. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an antagonist of pectoralis major:** A\) Latissimus dorsi\ B) Triceps brachii\ C) Biceps brachii\ D) Deltoid ### **41. The muscle that helps flex the hip and trunk, balancing the trunk during sitting is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Iliopsoas\ B) Gluteus maximus\ C) Quadriceps\ D) Sartorius ### **42. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provide lift when climbing stairs:** A\) Gluteus maximus\ B) Iliopsoas\ C) Hamstrings\ D) Quadriceps ### **43. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ abduct the femur, which aids in shifting body weight during walking:** A\) Gluteus medius and minimus\ B) Gluteus maximus and sartorius\ C) Hamstrings and quadriceps\ D) Iliopsoas and sartorius ### **44. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a thigh adductor muscle that helps flex the knee:** A\) Gracilis\ B) Sartorius\ C) Iliopsoas\ D) Gluteus maximus ### **45. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is employed in crossing legs:** A\) Sartorius\ B) Gracilis\ C) Iliopsoas\ D) Quadriceps ### **46. Shooting a ball mainly engages the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Quadriceps, gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius\ B) Quadriceps, hamstrings, iliopsoas\ C) Hamstrings, gluteus medius, gastrocnemius\ D) Sartorius, gluteus maximus, quadriceps ### **47. The anterior muscles of the lower leg are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus\ B) Gastrocnemius and soleus\ C) Gluteus Medius and gluteus minimus\ D) Iliopsoas and sartorius ### **48. The muscles that dorsiflex the foot and prevent toes from scuffing the ground during walking are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_:** A\) Tibialis anterior\ B) Soleus\ C) Gastrocnemius\ D) Flexor digitorum Chapter 07 answers 1. C\) Glycolysis 2. B\) T-tubules 3. A\) True 4. B\) False (they are filaments, not microtubules) 5. B\) Thin filaments are composed of actin, and thick filaments composed of myosin 6. B\) False (**I band consist only of thin filaments, not elastin)** 7. **B) Unit** 8. **A) True** 9. **A) Acetylcholinesterase** 10. **B) Anaerobic respiration** 11. **A) It's the potential difference across the plasma membrane at rest** 12. **B) -90 mV** 13. **A) The series of events from the electrical signal to muscle relaxation** 14. **D) Both A and C** 15. **D) Both A and C** 16. **D) Both A and C** 17. **A) The electrical signal and its relation to muscle contraction** 18. **A) The process of actin and myosin sliding past each other during muscle contraction** 19. **B) Aerobic respiration** 20. **A) The attachment and detachment of myosin heads to actin** 21. **A) A quick contraction in response to a stimulus and the force generated** 22. **A) Contractions where muscle length changes vs. where it stays the same** 23. **A) True** 24. **A) True** 25. **A) True** 26. **A) True** 27. **A) Zygomaticus major and minor** 28. **A) Frontalis** 29. **A) Buccinator** 30. **A) True** 31. **A) True** 32. **A) Sternum; Mastoid process** 33. **A) Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae** 34. **C) Transverse abdominis** 35. **B) External oblique** 36. **A) Pectoralis major** 37. **A) Pectoralis major** 38. **A) Trapezius** 39. **A) Latissimus dorsi and biceps brachii** 40. **A) Latissimus dorsi** 41. **A) Iliopsoas** 42. **A) Gluteus maximus** 43. **A) Gluteus medius and minimus** 44. **A) Gracilis** 45. **A) Sartorius** 46. **A) Quadriceps, gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius** 47. **A) Tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus** 48. **A) Tibialis anterior**