Computer Organization Lecture #1

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

What distinguishes computer architecture from organization?

  • Organization includes instruction sets and addressing techniques.
  • Organization refers to the compatibility of different programming languages.
  • Architecture focuses on the physical layout of components.
  • Architecture deals with attributes visible to the programmer. (correct)

Which area is NOT typically associated with computer organization?

  • Instruction set design (correct)
  • Memory technology
  • Control signals
  • Number of cores

In terms of backward code compatibility, what is a common feature among Intel x86 family members?

  • Different memory technologies used across versions.
  • Variation in input/output mechanisms.
  • Dissimilarities in data representation methods.
  • Compatibility in their architecture. (correct)

What does the term 'hardware multiply unit' refer to in computer organization?

<p>A dedicated circuit for performing multiplication operations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of computer systems does 'structure' refer to?

<p>The way in which components relate to each other. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of data processing from storage to I/O?

<p>Printing a bank statement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component serves as an intermediary in data movement?

<p>Data Control Movement Mechanism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of the Data Storage Facility?

<p>It stores data for later use. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the data processing from storage?

<p>Data is updated or modified. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism allows for the control of data movement?

<p>Control Movement Mechanism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of all computers?

<p>Data encryption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component is responsible for interpreting data and executing instructions?

<p>Control Unit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lines connect different components within a computer system?

<p>Communication lines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the computer is primarily responsible for data movement?

<p>Control Mechanism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) within the CPU?

<p>Data processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function specifically involves temporary holding of data for future use?

<p>Data storage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is crucial for sequencing and control within the CPU?

<p>Control Unit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data movement from a keyboard to a screen is an example of which process?

<p>Data transmission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Computer Function

The operation of computer components in a structured system, encompassing data storage, processing, movement, and control.

Computer Structure (Top Level)

A hierarchical structure comprising peripherals, central processing unit (CPU), memory, and system interconnection.

CPU Structure

The central processing unit (CPU) consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), registers, memory, and a control unit, all interconnected by internal buses.

Control Unit Function

The control unit is responsible for sequencing and controlling the operations of other CPU components.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Storage

The process of saving data in the computer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Processing

The manipulation and transformation of data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Movement

The transfer of data between different components within a computer system, e.g., from keyboard to screen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Input/Output (I/O)

Peripheral devices that allow data to enter or exit the computer system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

System Bus

The communication lines that connect different parts of the computer system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Computer Architecture

The attributes visible to the programmer, including instruction set, data representation, I/O, and addressing techniques.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Computer Organization

How the computer's features are implemented, including control signals, interfaces, memory technology, and number of cores.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Architecture vs. Organization

Architecture describes the programmer's view, and organization shows how it's built.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Instruction Set

The collection of instructions that a computer can execute.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Representation

How data is stored and manipulated in the computer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

I/O Mechanisms

How the computer interacts with input and output devices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Addressing Techniques

Methods for specifying memory locations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hardware Structure

The way components relate to each other.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Compatibility(X86)

The ability of different parts in the x86 architecture to share the same basic code with no problem.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Code Compatibility

Old programs work on newer versions of the same architecture

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Storage Facility

A place where data is stored, like a hard drive or server.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Control Movement Mechanism

The system that manages how data moves within a system (e.g., a computer).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Processing Facility

A place where data is manipulated or changed, like calculating or sorting.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Processing to/from Storage

Moving data between storage and processing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Processing from Storage to I/O

Moving data from storage to an output device (like a printer).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Input/output (I/O)

Data exchange between computer and outside world

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Computer Organization Lecture #1

  • Course: 2nd Year Artificial Intelligence
  • Instructor: Dr. Khaled Saada
  • Textbook: "Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for Performance", William Stallings, 9th Edition, 2013, www.williamstallings.com/ComputerOrganization

Course Overview

  • Chapters:
    • Introduction (Ch. 1)
    • Computer Evolution and Performance (Ch. 2)
    • A Top-Level View of Computer Function and Interconnection (Ch. 3)
    • Cache Memory (Ch. 4)
    • Internal Memory (Ch. 5)
    • Input/Output (Ch. 7)

Course Schedule and Grading

  • Lectures: 2 hours/week
  • Tutorials/Labs: 2 hours/week
  • Grading:
    • Quizzes (5th & 10th): 10%
    • Lab Quizzes (average of 6th, 7th, and 12th week): 5%
    • Midterm Exams (7th and 12th weeks): 35%
    • Final Project (14th week): 10%
    • Final Exam: 40%

Architecture vs. Organization

  • Architecture: Programmer-visible attributes.
    • Instruction set
    • Data representation
    • I/O mechanisms
    • Addressing techniques
    • Example: Is there a "multiply" instruction?
  • Organization: Implementation details.
    • Control signals
    • Interfaces
    • Memory technology
    • Number of cores
    • Example: Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition?
  • Key Difference: Same architecture, different organizations (e.g., Core i3/i5/i7, Xeon, Atom).

Hardware Structure and Function

  • Structure: The way components relate to each other,
  • Function: The actual operation of individual components as part of the structure.

Computer Structure - Top Level

  • Computer: Central component
  • Peripherals: External devices
  • Communication lines: Connects peripherals to the computer
  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Main Memory
  • System interconnection
  • Input/Output

CPU Structure

  • CPU: Central processing unit.
  • Registers: Temporary storage.
  • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs operations.
  • Control Unit: Coordinates operations.
  • Internal CPU Interconnection: Connects components.

Control Unit Structure

  • Control Unit: Manages CPU's internal operations.
    • Sequencing Logic: Sequences the operations.
    • Registers and Decoders: Store operands and decode instructions.
    • Control Memory: Stores instructions for execution

Computer Functions

  • Basic Functions of all computers:
  • Data Storage: Storing program instructions and data.
  • Data Processing: Executing instructions, data manipulation.
  • Data Movement: Transporting data.
  • Control: Governing and coordinating these operations.

Functional View of a Computer

  • Data Movement Apparatus: Moves data between units.
  • Control Mechanism: Coordinates actions of the other components.
  • Data Storage Facility: Holds programs and data.
  • Data Processing Facility: Executes programmed operations to process data.

Data Movement Examples

  • Keyboard to Screen: Input (keyboard) > Data Movement > Output (screen).
  • Internet Download to Disk: Input (Internet)> Data Movement > Storage (disk).
  • Updating a Bank Statement: Data Storage >Data Processing facility > Data Storage.
  • Printing a Bank Statement: Data Storage > Data Processing to I/O.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Computer Organization Lecture Notes PDF

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser