Chapter_007.pptx

Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Anne Griffin Perry, RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Amy Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE  Chapter 7 Caring in Nursing Practice AONE Guiding Principles for Future Care Deliv...

Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Anne Griffin Perry, RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Amy Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE  Chapter 7 Caring in Nursing Practice AONE Guiding Principles for Future Care Delivery 3  Theoretical Views on Caring  Caring is primary  Leininger’s Transcultural Caring  Watson’s Transpersonal Caring  Swanson’s Theory of Caring 4  Summary of Theoretical Views  Nursing caring theories have common themes.  Caring is highly relational.  It is obvious when caring is absent.  Enabling is an aspect of caring.  Knowing the context of a patient’s illness helps you choose and individualize interventions that will actually help the patient. 5  Patient’s Perspective of Caring  Patients value the affective dimension of nursing care  Caring Assessment Tool Measures patients’ perceptions of caring  When patients sense that health care providers are sensitive, sympathetic, compassionate, and interested in them as people, they usually become active partners in the plan of care.  Assess what your patient expects.  Build a nurse-patient relationship to learn what is important to your patients. 6  Ethic of Care  Caring is an interaction of mutual respect and trust.  The term “ethic” refers to the ideals of right and wrong behavior.  An ethic of care is concerned with relationships between people and with a nurse's character and attitude toward others. 7  Caring in Nursing Practice  As you encounter patients in various states of health and illness in your practice, you grow in your ability to care and develop caring behaviors.  Caring is one of those human behaviors that we can give and receive.  Recognize the importance of self-care.  Use caring behaviors to reach out to your colleagues and care for them as well. 8  Providing Presence  Providing presence is a person-to-person encounter conveying a closeness and sense of caring.  Presence involves “being there” and “being with.”  Nursing presence is the connectedness between a nurse and a patient.  Establishing presence strengthens your ability to provide effective patient-centered care. 9  Touch  Provides comfort  Creates a connection  Noncontact touch  Contact touch Task-oriented touch Caring touch Protective touch Therapeutic touch  Because touch conveys many messages, use it with discretion. 10  Listening  Necessary for meaningful interactions with patients.  True listening leads to knowing and responding to what really matters to a patient and family.  To listen effectively you need to silence yourself and listen with an open mind.  Through active listening you begin to truly know your patients and what is important to them. 11  Knowing the Patient  The core of clinical decision making and patient- centered care  Two elements that facilitate knowing are continuity of care and clinical expertise.  Factors of knowing include:  Time  Continuity of care  Teamwork of the nursing staff  Trust  Experience 12  Spiritual Caring  Spiritual health is achieved when a person can find a balance between his life values, goals, and belief symptoms and those of others.  Spirituality offers a sense of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal connectedness. 13  Relieving Symptoms and Suffering  Reducing symptoms and suffering requires caring nursing actions that give a patient comfort, dignity, respect, and peace.  Conveying a quiet, caring presence, touching a patient, or listening helps you to assess and understand the meaning of your patient's discomfort.  Provide comfort through a listening, nonjudgmental, caring presence. 14  Family Care  Caring for an individual includes a person's family.  Nurses should help family caregivers be active participants.  Understand the stress the patient’s illness places on family members. 15  The Challenge of Caring  Challenges  Task-oriented biomedical model  Institutional demands  Time constraints  Reliance on technology  Cost-effective strategies  Standardized work processes  Health care must become more compassionate to make a positive difference. 16