Chapter_001.pptx

Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Anne Griffin Perry, RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Amy Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE  Chapter 1 Nursing Today  Nursing as a Profession (1 of 2)  To act professionally, you...

Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition Patricia A. Potter, RN, MSN, PhD, FAAN Anne Griffin Perry, RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN Patricia A. Stockert, RN, BSN, MS, PhD Amy Hall, RN, BSN, MS, PhD, CNE  Chapter 1 Nursing Today  Nursing as a Profession (1 of 2)  To act professionally, you will:  Use critical thinking skills  Administer quality patient-centered care  Be responsible and accountable  Understand the scope of professional nursing practice and how nursing influences the lives of your patients, their families, and their communities. 3  Science and Art of Nursing Practice  Nursing requires:  Current knowledge and practice standards  Insightful and compassionate approach  Critical thinking and clinical judgment 4  Benner: From Novice to Expert  Novice – Beginner Nurse Student, no nursing experience  Advanced Beginner – Some level of experience, maybe only observational.  Competent – A nurse who has been in the same clinical position for 2-3 years.  Proficient – A nurse with more than 2-3 years.  Expert – A nurse with diverse experience who has an intuitive grasp of an existing or potential clinical problem. 5  American Nurses Association (ANA) Professional practice includes knowledge from social and behavioral sciences, biological and physiological sciences, and nursing theories. In addition, nursing practice incorporates ethical and social values, professional autonomy, and a sense of commitment and community (American Nurses Association [ANA], 2021) Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice  Standards of Professional Nursing Practice  Standards of Professional Performance  Code of Ethics 6  (ANA) Standards of Practice Also known as the “Nursing Process” – a model for clinical decision making. 1. Assessment 2. Diagnosis 3. Outcomes Identification 4. Planning 5. Implementation 6. Evaluation 7  (ANA) Standards of Professional Performance  Ethics  Advocacy  Respectful and equitable practice  Communication  Collaboration  Leadership  Education  Scholarly Inquiry  Quality of practice  Professional practice evaluation  Resource Stewardship  Environmental Evaluation 8 Professional Responsibilities and Roles  Autonomy and accountability  Caregiver  Advocate  Educator  Communicator  Manager 9  Career Development (1 of 2)  Clinician  Advanced Practice Registered Nurses  Clinical nurse specialist  Nurse practitioner  Certified nurse-midwife  Certified registered nurse anesthetist  Nurse Educator  Nurse Administrator  Nurse Researcher 10  Historical Influences  Nurses:  Respond to needs of patients  Actively participate in determining best practices  Knowledge of the history of the nursing profession increases your ability to understand the social and intellectual origins of the discipline. 11  Florence Nightingale  Established first nursing philosophy (Nursing Theory) based on health maintenance and restoration – Nightingale's Environmental Theory – to improve a patient's environment (Ventilation, light, reduced noise, hygiene, and nutrition)  Organized first program for training nurses  First practicing epidemiologist  Improved sanitation in battlefield hospitals  Practices remain a basic part of nursing today 12  Civil War to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century  Clara Barton – Founder of American Red Cross  Dorthea Lynde Dix – Organzied Hospitals etc. Civil War  Mary Ann Ball (Mother Bickerdyke) – Helped Dix  Harriet Tubman – Underground Railroad Movement  Mary Mahoney – First Educated African American Nurse  Isabel Hampton Robb – ANA, American Journal of Nursing  Lillian Wald – Opened the the Henry Street Settlement  Mary Brewster – Opened the Henry Street Settlement 13  Twentieth Century  Movement toward scientific, research-based practice and defined body of knowledge  Nurses assumed expanded roles  1906: Mary Adelaide Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities  1920s: Nursing specialization began  1990: ANA established Center for Ethics and Human Rights  1994: University of Washington Medical Center became the first Magnet®-designated organization 14  Twenty-First Century  Nurses are revising nursing practice and school curricula to meet the ever-changing needs of society  Aging population  Cultural diversity  Bioterrorism  Emerging infections  Disaster management 15  Contemporary Influences  Importance of nurses’ self-care  Health care reform and costs  Demographic changes  Medically underserved 16  Trends in Nursing  Evidence-based practice  Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)  Impact of emerging technologies  Genomics  Public perception of nursing  Impact of nursing on politics and health policy 17 Quality and Safety Eduation for Nurses (QSEN)  Patient-centered care - Recognize the patient or designee as the source of control and full partner in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values, and needs  Teamwork and collaboration - Function effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering open communication, mutual respect, and shared decision making to achieve high-quality patient care.  Evidence-based practice - Integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family preferences and values for delivery of optimal health care. 18  QSEN  Quality improvement - Use data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and use improvement methods to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of health care systems.  Safety - Minimize risk of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.  Informatics - Use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision making. 19  Professional Registered Nurse Education  Prelicensure  2-year associate’s degree  4-year bachelor’s degree  Graduate education  Master’s degree, advanced practice RN  Doctoral preparation  Continuing and in-service education 20  Nursing Practice  Nurse Practice Acts (NPAs)  Overseen by State Boards of Nursing  Regulate scope of nursing practice  Protect public health, safety, and welfare  Licensure and certification  Licensure: NCLEX-RN® examination  Certification: requirements vary 21