Organizational Behavior Ch-1 PDF

What is Organizational Behavior? Organizational behavior (OB) is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness. Copy...

What is Organizational Behavior? Organizational behavior (OB) is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study Systematic Study of Behavior – Behavior generally is predictable if we know how the person perceived the situation and what is important to him or her. Evidence-Based Management (EBM) – Complements systematic study. – Argues for managers to make decisions based on evidence. Intuition – Systematic study and EBM add to intuition, or those “gut feelings” about “why I do what I do” and “what makes others tick.” – If we make all decisions with intuition or gut instinct, we’re likely working with incomplete information. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Major Behavioral Science Disciplines That Contribute to OB (1 of 4) Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science that is built upon contributions from a number of behavioral disciplines: – Psychology – Social psychology – Sociology – Anthropology Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Identify the Major Behavioral Science Disciplines That Contribute to OB (3 of 4) Psychology – seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals. Social psychology – blends the concepts of psychology and sociology. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Identify the Major Behavioral Science Disciplines That Contribute to OB (4 of 4) Sociology – studies people in relation to their social environment or culture. Anthropology – is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Three Levels of Analysis OB Model Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. OB Model (1 of 3) Inputs – Variables like personality, group structure, and organizational culture that lead to processes. – Group structure, roles, and team responsibilities are typically assigned immediately before or after a group is formed. – Organizational structure and culture change over time. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. OB Model (2 of 3) Processes – If inputs are like the nouns in organizational behavior, processes are like verbs. – Defined as actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs, and that lead to certain outcomes. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. OB Model (3 of 3) Outcomes – Key variables that you want to explain or predict, and that are affected by some other variables. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Variables (1 of 6) Attitudes and stress – Employee attitudes are the evaluations employees make, ranging from positive to negative, about objects, people, or events. – Stress is an unpleasant psychological process that occurs in response to environmental pressures. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Variables (2 of 6) Task performance – The combination of effectiveness and efficiency at doing your core job tasks is a reflection of your level of task performance. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Variables (3 of 6) Organizational Citizenship Behaviour – The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee’s formal job requirements, and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace, is called organizational citizenship behavior. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Variables (4 of 6) Withdrawal behavior – Withdrawal behavior is the set of actions that employees take to separate themselves from the organization. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Variables (5 of 6) Group cohesion – Group cohesion is the extent to which members of a group support and validate one another at work. Group functioning – Group functioning refers to the quantity and quality of a group’s work output. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Outcome Variables (6 of 6) Productivity – An organization is productive if it achieves its goals by transforming inputs into outputs at the lowest cost. This requires both effectiveness and efficiency. Survival – The final outcome is organizational survival, which is simply evidence that the organization is able to exist and grow over the long term. Copyright © 2019, 2017, 2015, 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.