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Character Formation with Nationalism and Patriotism Instructor: MA. JAMAICA MAE D. SANTIAGO, RCrim., MSCJ (on Going) Character derived from greek word “charassein” referring to an engraving instrument; originally used of a marked impressed upon a coin. Then it was ap...

Character Formation with Nationalism and Patriotism Instructor: MA. JAMAICA MAE D. SANTIAGO, RCrim., MSCJ (on Going) Character derived from greek word “charassein” referring to an engraving instrument; originally used of a marked impressed upon a coin. Then it was applied to a distinctive mark of a personality; and gradually, to the sum total of such mark, each individual one is being called characteristics. it is a trademark of being a person. Character Formation is the process by which the individual, through interaction of biologically transmitted predispositions with the environment, develops stable pattern of functioning, thinking and feeling. It is also known as Character Building Contributing Factors for Character Formation 1. Parental Influence is the most important of all the factors responsible for personality development. 2. Home Environment home as cradle of human character and personality largely contribute to the character formation of a child. 3. School Environment to perfect the total development of a child's character and attitude, besides the home environment, a child's school  environment too plays a major role in shaping the child’s personality. 4. Culture everyone has different character and values because of the different cultures where everyone is exposed Factors that Influence Filipino Character Formation 1. Home Environment 2. Social Environment 3. Culture and Language 4. History 5. Educational system 6. Religion 7. Economic environment 8. Political environment 9. Mass Media 10. Leadership and Role Model 1. Opennes Appreciation for a Variety of Experiences. 2. Conscientiousness Planning rather than spontaneous. 3. Extraversion Being Sociable,Energetic or Talkative 4. Agreeableness Being kind, sympathetic or happy to help. 5. Neuroticism inclined to worry or be vulnerable or temperamental,  and Easy to become a victim. General Types of Characters 1. Positive Character These are attributes such as integrity , honesty, courage, loyalty, fortitude, and other important virtues that promote good behavior and habits. 2. Negative Character A Person’s predisposition is to commit evil acts. ( IT VIOLATES RULES/ LAWS ) ( LYING, Manipulating, back stabbing , Crab Mentality , Victim Blaming. ) 3. Neutral Character A Person who doesn’t pick sides in dispute; neutral also pegs anything that Refuses to be bold.  1. What positive traits do you possess that promote good behavior and habit? 2. What are those negative traits of yours that you want to change? The Six (6) Pillars of Good Character 1. Trustworthiness 2. Reliability 3. Responsibility 4. Fairness 5. Caring  6. Citizenship The Six (6) Pillars of Good Character 1. Trustworthiness - this is the pillar of good character that is considered the most complicated of the six core ethical values. a. Honesty – 5 dimensions of honesty 1. Truthfulness 2. Sincerity- they do not pretend and deceive 3.Candor-being open/honest. They do not hide their thoughts/feelings. (willingness to speak) 4. Integrity –means having strong moral principles and ethical values 5.Reliability (Consideration to maintain reliability) - avoid bad faith excuses - avoid unwise commitments -avoid unclear commitments b. Loyalty to be trusted one must be loyal to his/her husband/wife, friends, employer, employee, organization, citizen, and country. 2. Respect – the Golden Rule in Human Relation QUALITIES OF A RESPECTFUL PERSON - ability to listen - treats others with consideration  - capable of accepting individual differences and beliefs 3. Responsibility – they exhibit the ability to respond to expectations 4. Fairness typically refers to an individual's ability to treat others equitably, honestly, and justly. It implies that a person with good moral character conducts themselves in a way that is free from discrimination, bias, and unethical behavior, and they consistently adhere to principles of fairness in their interactions with others. 5. Caringrefers to an individual's capacity to show compassion, empathy, and concern for the well-being and feelings of others. 6. Citizenshiprefers to an individual's sense of responsibility, loyalty, and commitment to their country and community. It signifies that a person with good moral character respects the laws and regulations of their nation, participates positively in civic activities, and contributes to the betterment of society. Types of Character 1. Self-realized character a person with this type of character is ever enthusiastic for he knows his potentialities and limitations.  2. Covetous Character this refer to a jealous or acquisitive character 3. Superstitious Characterin a way that all are superstitious but when were over superstitious then problem starts. 4. Egoistic Character the person thinks that worlds runs due to him and everything and everybody should respect him as such. ( selfish , self centered , focused on their own needs, desires and interest) it implies lack of Empathy and Consideration for others. 5. Anti-social Character a person who neither cares for the norms set by the society nor cares for the moral or ethical values is an anti-social character. 6. Insincere Character is someone who does not genuinely mean what they say or do. They often engage in deceptive or dishonest behavior, pretending to have certain feelings, intentions, or qualities that they do not actually possess. Insincerity can manifest in various forms, such as false compliments, fake emotions, or deceitful actions, all of which aim to manipulate or mislead others for personal gain or to hide their true intentions. 7. Complacent Character Is one who displays a sense of self-satisfaction or contentment with their current situation, often to the point of becoming apathetic or indifferent to potential improvements or changes Character Traits 1. Alertness - being aware of what is taking place around. 2. Attentiveness - showing the worth of a person or task but giving undivided concentration. ( State of Being focused ) observant etc. 3. Availability - making own schedule on priorities secondary to the wishes of those being served. 4. Benevolence - giving to others basic needs without the motivation for acquiring personal rewards. ( Charity, generosity and empathy toward those in need. 5. Boldness - refers to the willingness to take risks, confront challenges, and face difficult situations with confidence and courage. ( Not afraid to step outside their Comfort zone. ) 6. Cautiousness - knowing how important right timing is in accomplishing right actions ( Pag iingat) 7. Compassion - investing whatever is necessary to heal the hurts of others. ( act of Kindness) 8. Contentment - realizing that true happiness does not depend on material conditions. ( Characterized by lack of greed or excessive ambition.) ( State of satisfaction and Happiness.) 9. Creativity - approaching a need, a task, or an idea from a new perspective.established norms to produce something new and valuable. (Creativity can manifest in various forms, including art, literature, music, problem-solving, entrepreneurship, and more) 10. Decisiveness - the ability to recognize key factors and finalize difficult decisions. (ability to make decision promptly and effectively) 11. Deference –refers to a respectful and polite submission or yielding to the opinions, desires, or authority of others, often because of their age, status, knowledge, or position. It involves showing respect and regard for someone else's judgment or preferences, even if they differ from your own. 12. Dependability - fulfilling what is consented to do, even if it means unexpected sacrifice. 13. Determination - purposing to accomplish right goals at the right time, regardless of the opposition. 14. Diligence - investing time and energy to complete each task assigned. (dedicated and careful effo4rt in work or task) 15. Discernment - understanding the deeper reasons why things happen. 16. Discretion - recognizing and avoiding words, actions, and attitudes that could bring undesirable consequences. 17. Endurance - the inward strenght to withstand stress and do the best. 18. Enthusiasm - expressing joy in doing and accomplishing each tasks. ( having a strong and eager interest ) 19. Faith - confidence that actions rooted in good character will yield the best outcome, even when its not personally observed. ( Strong belief, trust in something often without proof/evidence) 20. Flexibility - willingness to change plans or ideas according to the direction of the authorities. 21. Forgiveness - clearing the records of those who have wronged and not holding a grudge. 22. Generosity - carefully managing resources to be capable of freely giving to those in need. 23. Gentleness - showing consideration and personal concern for others. 24. Gratefulness - letting others know by ones words and actions how they have benefited ones life 25. Honor - respecting those in leadership because of the higher authorities they represent. ( RESPECT,recognition, esteem given to someone for their good reputation, integrity, and moral character. 26. Hospitality - Cheerfully sharing food, shelter, or conversation to benefit others. 27. Humility - acknowledging that achievement results from the investment of others in ones life. (lack of arrogance or pride) 28. Initiative - recognizing and doing what needs to be done before being asked to do it. 29. Joyfulness - maintaining a good attitude, even when placed with unpleasant condition. 30. Justice - taking personal responsibility to uphold what is pure, right and true. 31. Loyalty - using difficult times to demonstrate commitment to those being served. 32. Meekness - yielding personal rights and expectations with a desire to serve. 33. Obedience - quickly and cheerfully carrying out the direction of the superior. 34. Orderliness - arranging self and surroundings to achieve greater efficiency. (Being well organized) 35. Patience - accepting a difficult situation without giving a deadline to remove it 36. Persuasiveness - guiding vital truths around anothers mental roadblock.( ability to convince others to adopt particular belief or opinion ) 37. Punctuality - showing esteem for others by doing the right thing at the right time. 38. Resourcefulness - finding practical uses or that which others would overlook or discard. 39. Responsibility - knowing and doing what is expected 40. Security - structuring ones life around that which cannot be destroyed or taken away. 41. Self-control - rejecting wrong desires and doing what is right. 42. Sensitivity - perceiving the true attitudes and emotions of others. 43. Sincerity - eagerness to do what is right with transparent motives. 44. Thoroughness - knowing what factors will diminish the effectiveness of ones work or words if neglected. 45. Thriftiness - allowing oneself and others to spend only what is necessary. ( making a wise decision ) 46. Tolerance - realizing that everyone is at varying levels of character development. (willingness to accept and respect the differences, opinions, beliefs, or behaviors even they differ from one’s own.) 47. Truthfulness –Refers to the honesty and accuracy in words, actions, and representations.. 48. Virtue - the moral excellence evident in ones life as consistently doing what is right. ( moral quality) 49. Wisdom - seeing and responding to life situations from a perspective that transcends current circumstances. ( ability to make sound judgment, apply knowledge and demonstrate good discernment in decision making and life situation.)  CHAPTER 1 Filipino Influences Traits and Characteristics  The Most well-known Traits and Attitudes of the Filipino POSITIVE TRAITS 1. Hospitality hospitality is a trait displayed by every Filipino, characterized by heart-warming generosity and friendliness exhibited to foreigners and local alike. ( expected to extent a very warm welcome.) 2. Respect this is often observed not just by younger people-but also by people of all ages. In the Philippines, respect for one’s elders is a tradition. a. Po and Opo b. Pagmamano 3. Strong Family Ties and Religion  Filipinos value their families so much that they tend to keep families intact through the generations. 4. Generosity and Helpfulness Aside from being hospitable, Filipinos are also well known from being generous. They share what they have to the people around them even when they only have little. 5. Strong Work Ethics  another good thing most Filipinos have is being hardworking people. They are always willing to work almost the whole day to provide the needs of their families. 6. Loving and Caring because of their generosity, hospitality and religiosity, Filipinos are found to be the sweetest and most loving people in the world. NEGATIVE Traits of Filipinos 1. Fatalism when Filipinos are facing difficulties and shortcomings they have this attitude of leaving it up to God to sort things out. 2. Procrastination (pagsasawalang bahala) true blooded Filipinos have the attitude of causing delays in accomplishing things or making transactions 3. Crab Mentality this is an attitude of some Filipinos where they tend to push each other down to clear the way for their own gain. 4. Hypocrisy this is a trait of Filpino where criticisms to others’ failure to live with the moral standards of the society are inevitable. In the Philippines morality is highly valued, most of us try to live up to the standards set by the traditional society. However, as no one is perfect many of us are not able to sustain these standards. 5. Ningas Cogon most of the Filipinos are very good at the start when doing something. Nevertheless, after a few hours of days. That exitement to to do  accomplish something is lost and e become too lazy to finish what were have been started. 6. Tardiness ( habit or act of being late ) referring to persons that we are waiting or who keeps on coming late to the set time schedule of events. It brings negative impression to our people. 7. Gossiping ( “ chismis/ pag tsismis” ) Filipinos are fond of talking about others’ business. It is not true that only women are into gossiping. Even men can also be nosy on other people’s lives. ( may spread false information ) 8. Blaming Filipinos can sometimes be too self-righteous. This shows how irresponsible we are in our actions. This attitude destroys teamwork, and realiability becomes an issue. 9. Selfishness  this could be an outcome of having too many problems that Filipinos are facing and the tendency is to focus on their own need first before others. 10. Disobedience to Simple Rules and Instructions some Filipinos, despite of the understanding of the purpose of laws and ordinances have inability to observed and follow them. 11. Attention Taker  Filipinos are fun and people loving race. Thus, attracting attention is natural for them. Nevertheless, it is a different tthing to be an “epal” or “kapalmuks” – simply, being an attention grabber or seeker. 12. Being Onion-skinned another habbit or attitude that we need to change is our being too proud which usually results to being oversensitive. 13. Living beyond their means one of the reasons why a lot of Filipinos live in poverty is because of overspending. Since, most people want to live an elite lifestyle, many resort to social climbing or living beyond their means. 14. Passivity Filipinos lack of initiative for change is also one reason why our country does not progress. 15. Other Negative Traits THREE MAIN TRAITS UNDERSCORING FILIPINO VALUES 1. Personalism – Filipinos valued interpersonal relationship. It is firmly believed that harmonious personal relationship is the key to successful endeavours. 2. Familialism – Filipinos are family oriented. Decision on matters is centered on the welfare and best interest of the of the family rather than on the betterment and interest of individuals.  3. Particularism – displayed behaviour by the individuals may it be good or bad is blamed against the family. FILIPINO VALUES ORIENTATION Values Orientation – is the approach that may influence work or social relationships by persons relating to objects, events and ideas. Four (4) Main Obligations underlying Filipino Value Orientation 1. Pakikiramay 2. Pakikisama 3. Bayanihan 4. Galang CHAPTER II  NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM BASIC CONCEPT OF NATONALISM AND PATRIOTISM Nationalism - is an ideology and movement defined by promoting the interest of a particular nation, in particular with the aim of  acquiring and maintaining the nations sovereignty over its country of origin (Smith, 2010) - claims that each nation should regulate itself, free from outside intervention, that a nation is a natural and ideal political basis, and that the nation is only legitimate source of political authority (Finlayson, 2013) - it also aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on shared social characteristics such as culture, language, religion, politics and belief in a distinctive shared history, and to promote national unity or solidarity (Yack, 2012) Types of Nationalism 1. Ethnic Nationalism (Ethno Nationalism)  The country describes from prior generations in terms of ethnicity and decent. It also involves the concept of a shared culture among group members and generally shared language. 2. Civic Nationalism The state derives political legitimacy from its citizens active involvement and the extent to which it reflects the “will of the individuals”. Civic nationalism lies within the traditions of rationalism and liberalism, but it is contrasted with ethnic nationalism as a type of nationalism. 3. Expansionist Nationalism (colonization)  A radical form of imperialism that includes independent, patriotic feelings with a faith in expansionism, generally through the military aggression. The word was coined in the late 19th century as European powers indulged in the “Scramble for America” in the name of domestic glory, but was most closely linked with militarist government in the 20th century. Including Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, the Japanese Empire, and the Balkan nations od Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary. 4. Romantic Nationalism  It is otherwise known as organic nationalism and identity nationalism. Is the form of ethnic nationalism in which the states derives political legitimacy as a result and expression of the nations natural. It is based on the presence of a historical ethnic culture that meets the romantic ideal. 5. Cultural Nationalism The country is described y shared culture, not solely civic or ethnic. Chinese nationalism is an instance of cultural nationalism, partially due to China’s many national minorities. Membership in the nation neither completely voluntary nor hereditary. 6. Third World Nationalism Nationalist feelings are the outcome of opposition to colonial rule to survive and maintain a domestic identity.(countries under develop) 7. Liberal Nationalism Is a kind of nationalism lately defended by political philosopher who think that a non-xenophobic form of nationalism compatible with liberal values of liberality, tolerance, equality and individual rights can exist (Tamir, 1993 Kymlicka 1995, Miller 1995). It is asserted that in order to live meaningful, independent life, people need a national identity and those liberal democracies and domestic identity to work correctly. 8. Religious Nationalism Nationalism’s connection to a specific religious, faith, church, or affiliation. It can be seen that a shared religion contributes to a sense of domestic unity and a mutual bond between the nations people. 9. Pan Nationalism  Ethnic or cultural nationalism refers to a country is itself a cluster of associated ethnic and cultural communities.( Turkish people) 10. Diaspora Nationalism Diaspora is an ethnic population residing outside their traditional homelands. In this type of nationalism, there is nationalist sense, e.g., the Irish in the United States, the Jews in the United States and elsewhere, etc. 11.Stateless Nationalism On nationalist basis an ethnic or cultural minority within a nation state aims independence.( Catalans and Basques in Spain) 12. National Conservatism A political term, mainly used in Europe, to described a version of conservatism that focuses more on domestic interests than conventional conservatism, while not being unduly nationalist or pursuing a far right agenda. 13. Revolutionary Nationalism it is an ideological theory that calls for a domestic group united y a shared sense of intent and destiny, also known as radical nationalism. It was first ascribed and strongly promulgated y Benito Mussolini to followers of revolutionary syndicalism. 14. Left-Wing Nationalism also sometimes referred to as socialist nationalism, refers to any political movement combining left-wing or socialism with nationalism. Patriotism Patriotism or national pride is a sense of love., dedication and attachment to a country and an alliance with other people who share the same impression. This attachment can be mixture of many distinct emotions, including ethnic, cultural, political or historical elements, related to one’s own country.  It is predominant virtue linked to a nations love, with greater emphasis on values and beliefs. ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD PATRIOTISM 1. Latin Word “Patriota” means, Countryman 2. Greek word “Patriōtēs” means, From the same nation 3. Greek Word “Patris” meaning, Fatherland Kinds of Patriotism 1. Patriotism on Duty this includes fidelity to ones nation through material acts. This is military service patriotism and other selfless sacrifice types. This is where patriotism becomes embodied and its ideals take praiseworthy particular action. 2. Patriotism of Affection this is the patriotism of the heart. It is about one’s internal desire for his country’s well-being. The patriotism of affection can be seen in the patriotism of duty, but it does not necessarily result in it; one can truly love his country and yet be a coward, just as one can theoretically fulfill a patriotic duty and yet feel apathetic about the country’s welfare. 3. Patriotism of Manners this is customs Patriotism, written and unwritten. The patriotism of manners is to place one’s hand over the heart during the national anthem. It can be performed by anyone without actually needing affection or duty patriotism. While the above types of patriotism show, at least in part, the real beliefs and hopes of a person, the patriotism of manners establishes mostly a set of protocols. Types of Patriotism 1. Personal Patriotism is emotional and voluntary. The patriot adheres to certain patriotic values, such as  respect for the flag or the honoring of veterans. Other expression of personal patriotism include enlisting in the army, public service and participation in the political process through voting or other forms of activism. 2. Official Patriotism promoted by the government which was a high symbolic and ceremonial content. It is a logical consequence of the state itself, which derives legitimacy from being the expression of the common good of the political community. (arnis) Nationalmonuments, and veterans days and commemoration ceremonies are typical examples. Often official patriotism is highly regulated by protocol, with specific methods for handling flags, or specific pledges and displays of allegiance. 3. Symbolic Patriotism in wartime is intended to raise morale, in turn contributing to the war effort. 4. Peacetime Patriotism cannot be so easily linked to measurable gain for the state, but the patriot does not see it as inferior.  PATRIOTISM NATIONALISM based on the country’s positive Emotions are based on the belief values like liberty, justice and that one’s nation is superior to all equality others The Patriot thinks that both their It also holds the connotation of country’s state system and better quality of life individual are inherently good other countries distrust or and working together to achieve approval, leading to the premise a that the other states are competitors. CHAPTER III FILIPINO NATIONALISM HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The Philippines had been split into various principalities known as “barangays” in the years before the 11th century, a name originating from Malayan ships called “balangays”. Datu, rajahs or sultans governed these tiny political units.  In 1565, when Spanish explorer Miguel Lopez de Legazpi arrived from Mexico and established the first European colonization started. Starting only in Five ships and five hundred men accompanied by Augustinian monks and further strengthened by two hundred soldiers in 1567, he was able to repel competing Portuguese colonizers and lay the foundations of the Spanish colonization of the archipelago. The Spanish occupied the kingdom of Maynila and Tondo in 1571 and founded Manila as the Capital of the Spanish East Indies. MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LAGAZPI - AKA El Adelantado and El Viejo - A Spanish navigator and governor who established the first Spanish settlement in the East Indies The Beginning of Filipino Nationalism Originally, the word “Filipino” referred to the Philippines “Spanish criollos”. The Spanish leaders described the natives as Indians during their 333year rule over the Philippines. The Spaniards born in the Philippines more known as insulars, criollos, or creoles, were also called “Filipinos” during the colonial era as well. Spanish-born Spaniards or Philippine-based continental Spaniards were referred to as Peninsulars. Those of blended heritage called Mestizos. OTHER CONCEPTS OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM Nationalism is the secular identification and engagement of our people with the Filipino nation and domestic community, the Philippines as our country and homeland. It goes beyond our family, clan, tribe, village, city, province, religion and local culture. First and foremost, it is being pro-Filipino; believing that we belong to one body, mind, soul and spirit. It’s a pride to be a Filipino; self-respect as a Filipino;  Pride in our cultural national heritage and manner of life, with their constraints being realized. It involves pride in our heroes, pride in our flags, national anthem and other symbols of our nationhood; National pride and dignity inspired by the willingness to serve our nation alone and with dedication, and to sacrifice for it, if necessary with our own lives. FILIPINO NATIONAL IDENTITY BASED IN PART ON OUR INDIGENOUS VALUES a. Pagsasarili b. Pakikisama c. Pagkabayani d. Pagkakaisa e. Pakikitungo f. Pakikipagkapwa – Tao g. Pagkakapantay-pantay DIFFERENT WAYS TO SHOW FILIPINO SENSE OF NATIONALISM 1. Respect the Philippine Flag and Value Filipino Identity 2. Be Productive 3. Be aware of the issues on our country 4. Stand Proud for every Achievement 5. Patronize and Support our own Products 6. Preserve the Filipino Culture 7. Respect Everyone and Value our Traditions 8. Speak out our own Language 9. Remember and commemorate our Heroes’ sacrifices for our country 10.Love our Family , our neighbors, and our countrymen PHILIPPINE SYMBOLS THAT PROMOTES A SENSE OF NATIONALISM 1. The Philippine Flag 2. Coat of Arms of the Philippines 3. Lupang Hinirang 4. Sampaguita 5. Narra 6. Philippine Eagle 7. Dr. Jose P. Rizal 8. Cariñosa or Tinikling 9. Carabao 10. Bangus 11. Mango 12. Barong or Baro’t Saya 13. “Bayan ko” and “Pilipinas kong Mahal” 14. Arnis 15. Anahaw 16. Nipa Hut PHILIPPNE FLAG – with red, white, blue, yellow colors. COAT OF ARMS OF THE PHILIPPINES also featuring the yellow sun with 8 rays depicting the original provinces in the Philippines LUPANG HINIRANG (Chosen Land) – the Philippine National Anthem SAMPAGUITA (JASMINUM SAMBAC) – the National Flower of the Philippines; symbolizing purity and simplicity, the flower is small, white, and pleasant fragrant.  NARRA (PTEROCARPUS) – the national tree of the Philippines; also as known Rosewood, it is strong, sturdy, and durable – a common rain forest tree. PHILIPPINE EAGLE (PITHECOPHAGA JEFFEYRI) – the Philippines National bird. It is acknowledge to be severely endangered. The Philippine Eagle is protected by law in the country and there is extreme punishment for any harm done to them.  the DR. JOSE P. RIZAL – the National Hero of Philippine s CARIÑOSA OR TINIKLING – the Philippine National Dance. Gracefulness is symbolized by this dance. CARABAO (WATER BUFFALO) – the Philippine National animal. It symbolizes industriousness and hard work due to its use in many farms in the country BANGUS (MILK FISH) – the Philippines’ National Fish. It symbolizes versatility, because of the many ways in which it can be cooked. MANGO – the National Fruit. Philippine mangoes considered the sweetest fruit in the world. BARONG – the Philip National costume or clothing style for men (untucked shirt of thin fabric displaying Chinese, Indo-Malayan tropical and Hindu influences. BARO’T SAYA – for women, skirt and blouse with no collar  “Bayan Ko" Ang bayan kong Pilipinas Lupain ng ginto't bulaklak Pag-ibig na sa kanyang palad Nag-alay ng ganda't dilag At sa kanyang yumi at ganda Dayuhan ay nahalina Bayan ko, binihag ka Nasadlak sa dusa Ibon mang may layang lumipad Kulungin mo at umiiyak Bayan pa kayang sakdal-dilag Ang 'di magnasang makaalpas Pilipinas kong minumutya Pugad ng luha at dalita Aking adhika  Makita kang sakdal laya Ibon mang may layang lumipad Kulungin mo at umiiyak Bayan pa kayang sakdal-dilag Ang 'di magnasang makaalpas "Bayan Ko" (Spanish: Nuestra Patria, English: My Country) is one of the most recognizable patriotic songs of the Philippines. It was originally penned in Spanish by the Revolutionary general José Alejandrino, and translated into Tagalog some three decades later by the poet José Corazón de Jesús. The song, which is a kundiman, is often considered the unofficial second national anthem of the Philippines, and is sometimes sung by Overseas Filipinos groups after the Lupang Hinirang or by itself. It is sometimes assumed to be a folk music because of its popularity, and due to the nature of its lyrics it has been used as a protest song by different political groups at various points in Philippine history. Pilipinas Kong Mahal Ang bayan ko’y tanging ikaw Pilipinas kong mahal Ang puso ko at buhay man Sa iyo’y ibibigay Tungkulin ko’y gagampanan Na lagi kang paglingkuran Ang laya mo’y babantayan Pilipinas kong hirang Bayan sa silanga’y hiyas Pilipinas kong mahal  Kami’y iyo hanggang wakas Pilipinas kong mahal Mga ninuno naming lahat Sa iyo’y naglingkod ng tapat Ligaya mo’y aming hangad Pilipinas kong mahal ARNIS – the Philippine National sport  (Stick fighting) ANAHAW (LIVISTONA ROTUNDIFOLIA) – the Philippine National Plant. This plant is often used as hat, umbrella, or fan symbolizing the Filipinos resourcefulness  NIPA HUT – the Philippine National House; typically a small bamboo house with a thatched roof. IMPORTANT DATES, EVENTS AND PERSONS IN THE RISE OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM ✓ The opening of the Philippines to World commerce ✓ How some Filipinos become Illustrados ✓ Influx of Liberal Ideas ✓ Secularization Movement ✓ Council of Trent 2 TYPES OF PRIEST 1. Regular Priest or Friar Curates – they belong to specific religious orders like Dominicans, Jesuits, Augustinians, Franciscans, and Recollects. Only Spanish priest could be regular priest. 2. Secular Priest or Parish Priest – these priest were not religious orders and were under the archbishop’s oversight. 1565 – religious orders took control of the parishes in the Philippines these are the Augustinian, Recollects, Dominican, and Franciscan Council of Trent it was stated that secular priest should control the parishes relates to deacons and priest who are not monastics or members of a religious institute. But few secular priest are accessible because some of them have been sent to America FATHER PEDRO PELAEZ - exposes the discrimination of Filipino clergys and the racial and national conflicts with the Friars 19th Century - Majority of the Filipino Priest were qualified as as Secular Priest Gov. Gen. Carlos Maria de la Torre Y Nava Cerrada - He was the one who boost and inspired the Secularization movement and leads a Liberal Regime in Spain Rafael De Laquierdo - a Governor-General of the Spanish Republic who is an autocratic and oppressive ruler; replaced Gov. Dela Torrre January 20, 1872 - 200 Filipino troops and employees, led by Sgt. Fernando La Madrid, who took control of the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, mutinied against Spaniards. Gov. Laquierdo sent troops forthwith to quench the rebellion. The ring leaders were murdered and prosecuted by La Madrid, accusing the GOMBURZA as the Rebellion’s mastermind. Francisco Zaldua - A Bicolano soldier who testified against the GOMBURZA GOMBURZA – refers to the three martyrs: 1. Father Mariano Gomez - a Chinese – Filipino, born in Cavite who held the most senior position of the three as Archbishop’s Vicar in Cavite. He was truly nationalistic and accepted the death penalty calmly as though it were his penance for being pro-Filipinos. 2. Father Jose Burgos - was a Spanish descent, born in the Philippines. He was a parish priest of the Manila Cathedral and had be known to be the close to the liberal Governor General de la Torre. He was 35 years old at the time and was active and outspoken in advocating the Filipinization of the clergy. He wrote to defend the seculars and was known to weep like a child. 3. Father Jacinto Zamora - was also Spanish, born in the Philippines. He was the parish priest of Marikina and was known to be unfriendly to and would not countenance any arrogance or authoritative behavior from Spaniards. He once snubbed a Spanish Governor who come to visit Marikina. ISSUES ON THE THREE PRIESTS: 1. Fr. Gomez – Participated in secularization but no longer active in 1872 and he was already more than 80 years old. 2. Fr. Burgos – involved in the issue of secularization. 3. Fr. Zamora – victim of mistaken identity since the warrant of arrest was addressed to a certain Jose Zamora, a known critic of Spanish Government at that time. Con’t. IMPORTANT DATES, EVENTS AND PERSONS IN THE RISE OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM ✓GOMBURZA Execution ✓ Importance of GOMBURZA execution ✓PropagandaMovement or Reform Movement THE GOALS OF PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT 1. To make the Philippines the province of Spain 2. Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes 3. Equality between Spaniards and Filipinos 4. Secularization or granting Filipino priest the right to hold parishes 5. Gaining freedom of speech, expression and assembly MAJOR CAUSES FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT 1. Emergence of Middle Class 2. The Liberal Administration of Gov. General Carlos Maria de la Torre y Nava Cerrada 3. Execution of Gomburza 4. Resulted to the deportation of Patriotic Filipinos THREE LEADING REFORMIST IN TH 19 CENTURY 1. Dr. Jose P. Rizal 2. Graciano Lopez Jaena 3. Marcelo H. Del Pilar Jose Rizal - Regarded as the conscience of the movement and the most prolific writer among the Propagandist. - Pen names: “Dimasalang” and “Laonglaon”, commonly known and acclaimed as the “Father of Philippine Nationalism” due to his intellectual and idealistic support for Philippine Independence. For him Spanish colonial system itself should be blamed for the unfortunate state of the  Filipinos and the colony. - He wrote Noli Me Tangere and founded the La Liga Filipina Graciano Lopez Jaena - He was born on Jaro, Iloilo on December 18, 1856. - He started the campaign for freedom in 1874 by writing “Fray Botod” (La Hija de fraile) means “Big – Bellied Friar”. In his work he revealed the gluttony, indolence and greediness of friars as represented by Fray Botod. - Was acclaimed as the “Prince of the Filipino Orators” and the great orator of the reform movement. - Pen name: “Diego Laura” Marcelo H. Del Pilar - regarded as the Greatest Journalist of Reform Movement - born on August 30, 1850in San Nicolas, Bulacan, Bulacan. He used his grandmothers surname based on Gov. General Narciso Claverias decree in 1849 – “Filipinos should adopt a Spanish surname” - was a Journalist who mastered the use of satire (the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues). He was the co-founder of the first bilingual newspaper in the Philippines “Diariong Tagalog” Marcelo H. Del Pilar where he published his nationalistic article including the Tagalog translation of Jose Rizal’s “El Amor Patrio” His other writings were: a. Caingat Cayo – He efended here the Noli Me Tangere of Jose Rizal b. Dasalan at Toksohan – collection of revised Catholic Prayers where he exposed the true nature of the friars c. He change Ama Namin to Amain Namin, Aba Ginoong Maria into Aba Ginoong Barya d. Sampung Utos ng Diyos to Sampung Utos ng Prayle Marcelo H. Del Pilar e. Pasiong Dapat Ipag-alab nang Puso ng Taong babasa f. La Soberania Monacal en Filipinas (Monastic Supremacy in the Philippines) g. La Frailocracia Filipina (The Frailocracy in the Philippines - He organized the 1st political group in the Philippines known as the “Junta de Propaganda” Marcelo H. Del Pilar - His pseudonyms are “Dolores Manapat”, “Piping Dilat”, “V. Garcia” and “Plaridel” OTHER FILIPINO REFORMIST 1. Dr. Pedro Paterno 2. Antonio Luna 3. Andres Bonifacio 4. Emilio Jacinto Dr. Pedro Paterno A doctor of law who wrote the novel entitled “Ninay”, the First Filipino Novel that shows the Filipinos developed culture. Antonio Luna  ❑ some of his works are “Noche Buena” a biographical sketch that depicts the actual life in the Philippines. La Maestra de mi pueblo describe defects of th educational system for women. ❑ Pen name: “Taga-ilog” Andres Bonifacio  Known to be “Supremo of Katipunan” was one of the founders of Katipunan. He wrote poem, letters, essays and dialogue while his writing are: a. Pag Ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa – wherein he discussed the importance of motherland b. Katapusang Hibik ng Pilipinas sa Inang Espanya c. Ang Dapat Mabatid ng Tagalog – explained how Philippines entered an era of darkness under the Spaniards d. He explained in essay the meaning of word Tagalog - it did not refer only to particular ethnic group but to all inhabitants who lived near bodies of water (tags-ilog). Everybody should be rightfully called Tagalog Emilio Jacinto - regarded as the “Brain of the Katipunan”. Born on December 15, 1875 inTrozo, Manila. - He joined Katipunan in 1894 under the name of Pingkian - His other works are Liwanag at Dilim and La Patria - he became an editor in chief of Kalayaan, an official newspaper of Katipunan THE FOUNDING AND RELEVANCE OF KATIPUNAN The reform movements failure paves the way for a movement that advocates armed struggle to achieve liberty. KKK (Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangan, na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan) This was founded on July 7, 1892, same day that news about Rizal’s exile to Dapitan. Deodato Arellno was the First President of Katipunero followed by RomanBasa then by Andres Bonifacio. The KKK members were divided when it increased more than one hundred Katipon, Kawal, Bayani. Each category has its own password and members undergo blood compact. Katipuneros refers to the sons of the people, used triangle method to recruit members, where every member should recruit two new members who would only know each other after passing the initiation rites.  CHAPTER IV FILIPINO CORE VALUES BASIC CONCEPT OF FILIPINO VALUES Core values are a person’s or organization’s fundamental beliefs. These guiding principles dictate conduct and can assists individuals to know the distinction between right and wrong. It also assists organizations by establishing an unwavering guide to determine if they are on the correct track and fulfill their objectives. Hundreds of choices are made every day by every person and every organization. The choices we make reflect our values and beliefs and are always aimed at a particular purpose. That aim is our person or collective (organizational) needs to be satisfied. When we make choices using our values, we create a conscious decision to concentrate on what matters to us. They create inner cohesion within a group when values are shared. FILIPINO VALUES SYSTEM Here in the Philippines, values are really of importance and should be respected. As we grow older, our parents shape us different values. From the time we are born. Pagkalinga, pag-aaruga and pakialam were given by them. This values shapes our real Filipino culture, showing that we are conscious of others. The Filipino value system relates to the set of values or the value system that has historically been held by a majority of Filipinos in their life. This system of Philippine values involves the distinctive combination of coherent ideologies, moral codes, ethical procedures, cultural etiquette, and private values promoted by the Philippine society. However, as with any culture, the values held sacred by any person may vary on the grounds of religion, education, and other variables. PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION OF FILIPINO VALUES For the most part, Filipino values are focused on preserving social harmony, mainly driven by a group’s willingness to be accepted. The Primary sanction against diverging from these values are “Hiya” ideas. Approximately translated as “a sense of shame”, and “Amor proper” or “self-esteem” MODELS OF THE FILIPINO VALUES 1. Exogenous Model or the Foreign Model a “legal and formal” model is defined as the international model. Filipinos from Western cultures, particularly from the Spaniards and the Americans, inherited the foreign model. 2. Indigenous Model or the traditional Model described as a “traditional and non-formal” model or guide, the indigenous model is deeply integrated in the Filipinos subconscious. STRUCTURES AND ELEMENTS OF FILIPINO VALUES  HIYA (ownership/ dignity) It implies totality, referring to society, or not doing stuff alone. These three values are deemed branches of a single origin – Filipino Personality’s Real core values ------- KAPWA UTANG NA PAKIKISAMA LOOB (companions (gratitude/s hip/esteem) olidarity 2 TYPES OF KAPWA 1. Ibang Tao (Other People) 2. Hindi Ibang Tao (Not Other People) THE FIVE CORE FILIPINO VALUES 1. Mapagpasalamat this is based on the aspiration of Filipinos to “Pamumuhay” (Life) and “Pananalig sa Diyos at Kapwa” (God and People Faith). Filipinos understand how life can be enjoyed. We have plenty of vacations, celebrations, occasions, and meetings. Filipinos are also cheerful and sociable, even in depressing circumstances, we wear smiles in our faces. That’s because were always looking at life’s bright side. 2. Matatag Filipinos , being in nation susceptible to natural disasters, have adjusted and learned to be powerful in moments of need and in difficult circumstances that life throws at us. This power is derived from our love for our family and our belief in the greater being. This is based on Filipino’s “Kaayusan” (Order”) aspiration. 3. Masigasig this is based on the “kasaganaan” (abundance) and “ginhawa” (relief) aspiration of Filipino’s. Not for himself, but for his family, a Filipino aspires to abundance and ginhawa is the feeling of well- being in a Filipino. 4. Mapagmalasakit it is because of our family love extended to friends, neighbors and others that naturally sympathetic Filipinos. This compassion allows us to assists others without in exchange asking for anything. This is based on the aspiration of Filipino’s to “Loob at Damdamin” and “Kapwa”. Filipino’s personality is expressed in his “kalooban”, by checking the situation and talking about the each others life. And kapwa refers not only to a stranger, but to a relative, a next door, a distant relativeor a friend because of our family culture. 5. Magalang The use of po and opo, pagmamano and hand kissing are separate methods of regard for Filipino people. We say these phrases and use this gesture to demonstrate our respect and love to elderly. The Filipino’s respect is not just limited to the elderly but also to the other people’s properties, emotions, and ideas. One thing more, we are polite people. Our language are also respectful because it has no sex bias. THE PHILPPINE NATIONAL POLICE CORE VALUES The members of the Philippine National Police must therefore conform to and internalized the key principles of: Love of God Respect for Authority Respect for women Respect for sanctity of marriage Stewardship over material things Responsible dominion Truthfulness  In short that is the POLICE OFFICERS CREED and by that, lets have a gooooooooooooooooooooood timeeeeeeeee!  ☺☺☺ POLICE OFFICERS CREED I BELIEVE IN GOD, THE SUPREME BEING, THE GREAT PROVIDER, AND THE CREATOR OF ALL MEN AND EVERYTHING DEAR TO ME. IN RETURN, I CAN DO NO LESS THAN LOVE HIM ABOVE ALL OBEYING HIS WORD, SEEK HIS GUIDANCE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF MY SWORN DUTIES AND HONOR HIM AT ALL TIMES. I BELIEVE THAT RESPECT FOR AUTHORITY IS A DUTY. I RESPECT AND UPHOLD THE CONSTITUTION, THE LAWS OF THE LAND AND THE APPLICABLE RULES AND REGULATIONS. I RECOGNIZED THE LEGITIMACY AND AUTHORITY OF THE LEADERSHIP, AND OBEY LEGAL ORDERS OF MY SUPERIOR OFFICERS. I BELIEVE IN SELFLESS LOVE AND SERVICE TO PEOPLE. TOWARDS THIS END, I COMMIT MYSELF TO THE SERVICE OF MY FELLOWMEN OVER AND ABOVE MY PERSONAL INTEREST.  I BELIEVE IN THE SANCTITY OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY LIFE. I SHALL SET EXAMPLE OF DECENCY AND MORALITY, SHALL HAVE HIGH REGARD FOR FAMILY LIFE AND VALUE OF MARITAL FIDELITY. I BELIEVE IN THE RESPONSIBLE DOMINION AND STEWARDSHIP OVER MATERIAL THINGS. I SHALL INHIBIT MYSELF FROM EXTRAVAGANCE AND OSTENTATIOUS DISPLAY OF MATERIAL THINGS. I SHALL HELP PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVE NATURE TO MAINTAIN ECOLOGICAL BALANCE. I BELIEVE IN THE WISDOM OF TRUTHFULNESS. I MUST BE TRUSTWORTHY AND I SHALL UPHOLD THE TRUTH AT ALL TIMES. The Police service in the Philippines is expressed in the acronym SERVICE: S – ervant Hood E – xcellence R – esponsibility with Accountability V – aluing people and respect for human rights I – ntegrity C – ourage E - mpowerment SERVANT HOOD as police affirm its unconditional service and love for the nation and individuals, Police value a supportive an professional role serves and protects its clientele and community with honesty, utmost devotion an commitment above private concern. EXCELLENCE Police are committed in doing and making things occur effectively and efficiently in all of their efforts as they strive to accomplish more consistently and outstandingly with tangible outcomes and far beyond their best RESPONSILBILITY WITH ACCOUTABILITY Police carry out and execute their responsibilities and tasks as their moral duty is to serve the public with due diligence and always bearing in mind that they are accountable and duty bound to promote the public interest. VALUING FOR PEOPLE AND RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS Police always maintain their fellow human beings’ dignity whenever they cater their needs and are delicate and cautious in serving and protecting them with compassion and utmost regard for their human rights. INTEGRITY Police take an uncompromising and coherent position in the fulfillment of their obligation to live an honest, upright and dignified life according to the highest ethical and moral norms where their advocacy, values and convictions are compatible wit their words and actions. COURAGE from their moral strength police draw their collective and individual power of approach to always accept difficult duties and they are courageous enough to speak out against temptation, anomalies, corruption, exploitation and stand firm. EMPOWERMENT Police reach out and create bridgesof collaboration, nurture volunteerism and operate in harmony with their clientele by training individuals for a better and safer society in the process.